Prof. Paglayan
@UCSanDiego
; Non-Resident Fellow
@CGDev
. I write and teach about politics and education. PhD
@StanfordPolisci
. music fan of women with big voices
OMG OMG pinch me! Just learned that I won the Heinz I. Eulau Award for best article published in the
@apsrjournal
and PoP in 2022 for my article:
“Education or Indoctrination? The Violent Origins of Public School Systems in an Era of State-Building”
Argentine president says:
"Mexicans came from the indians (sic); Brazilians came from the jungle; and we came from Europe in ships and that's how we constructed our society"
He calls himself progressive
My best paper yet is coming out soon in the
@apsrjournal
and I couldn't be happier!
If you learned something new from "The Non-Democratic Roots of Mass Education," I think you'll learn even more from this one:
Today is the deadline to accept/decline offers of admission at many programs. I'm seeing lots of happy tweets from new students. I'm also lamenting the mental health consequences of social media. If you didn't get admitted, or if you did, it says nothing about your worthiness.
I argue that, historically, in Europe and Latin America, domestic conflict was a crucial factor prompting autocrats to expand primary schooling for the masses -- not to appease them through redistribution, but to instill values of obedience and respect for the state's authority
Holy moly! My article the "The Non-Democratic Roots of Mass Education" is the recipient of two awards, the Michael Wallerstein and Mary Parker Follett Awards for best political economy and best politics and history articles. Feeling grateful!
OMG! So excited to see that my new
@apsrjournal
piece is the "Most read" APSR article in the last 30 days!
If you haven't done so yet, check out:
Education or Indoctrination? The Violent Origins of Public School Systems in an Era of State-Building
I'm excited! See below. Hope this article will change how political scientists and economists think about democracy, autocracy, and the provision of education!
Does democratization lead to mass education? Using new datasets covering 109 countries over 200 years, Agustina Paglayan provides answers in the newest issue of the
#APSR
.
#polisciresearch
TFW I found out that my paper "Civil War, State Consolidation, and the Spread of Mass Education" is the winner of the 2018 APSA award for the best Political Economy paper.
(I really did jump on my bed!)
APSA paper here (new version soon):
Summary below
Today I became a U.S. citizen. I can now vote and run for office. I can also talk freely about US politics without experiencing the fear that I experienced as an immigrant.
@itsafronomics
Suggested response to him for the next time it happens: "oh, I'm so sorry you had such a hard time with math and getting your PhD... I hear it's difficult for a lot of people"
🔥hot take🔥: There is too much emphasis on teaching impact evaluation and "what works" in MPP programs.
There should be at least as much emphasis on teaching students how to think about, and improve, the **political feasibility** of a policy recommendation.
Signed the contract so it's official: My book Countering Disobedience: The Rise and Spread of Mass Education will be coming out with
@PrincetonUPress
next summer!
After reading
@anthlittle
,
@ethanbdm
and
@rodrikdani
views about whether concerns about causal identification should be weighed more heavily than the importance of research questions, I'm left thinking we are missing a big issue in this discussion 1/
One of our newly admitted PhD students asked me about my advising style: "Do your students work on your projects or do they develop projects of their own?" My answer:
I find the whole debate over whether academic jobs are better or worse than non-academic jobs quite useless.
Personally, I have found it a lot more useful to focus on (a) WHAT I VALUE in a job/career and (b) whether a *particular* job is aligned with my values.
I highly recommend working a “normal job” before entering academia, just to appreciate the contrasts. Academia has a lot of problems. But the perks of the job are real.
UCSD is doing an off-cycle job search in Comparative Politics at the Assistant Prof level! We're interested in CP candidates with a strong quantitative methods background who can teach methods (e.g. causal inference) at the PhD level. More info here:
And it's out! Thank you
@apsrjournal
for publishing this
#OpenAccess
. I hope this article will shape how you think about the political economy of education and development, state-building, nation-building, the conseq's of internal conflict, authoritarian regimes, and more:
When I began my PhD someone asked me "why should we care about the politics of education?" Luckily, things have changed: a new APSA Education Politics and Policy Section, 3 awesome articles on educ politics in the latest
@apsrjournal
, and lots more amazing research being done!
Just out! UCSD is searching for Assistant Professors in American Politics, Methods, and Political Theory. Please spread widely.
American -
Methods -
Theory -
#psjobs
@womenalsoknow
@POCalsoknow
"The Non-Democratic Roots of Mass Education: Evidence from 200 Years" is forthcoming in the
#APSR
@apsrjournal
Ungated version here:
Thank you to everyone who contributed title suggestions!
Hay que ser arrogante y sobre todo estupido para plagiar a Amartya Sen y creer que no te van a descubrir. Eso es lo que hizo el actual director del
@CIDE_MX
. Ahora vamos a ver si la impunidad en Mexico tambien llega hasta el ambito academico.
El que plagia, rara vez lo hace una sola vez. Un artículo de Romero Tellaeche de 2020() tiene varias partes que son traducciones burdas de un artículo de Amartya Sen de 2008() (cc
@andrews_cath
@pardoguerra
@CIDE_MX
@maudussauge
)
3) Some unsolicited advice for PhD prospective and current students: Stay away from professors who operate on a quid pro quo basis. Seek out advisors who will support you unconditionally.
Bottom line: I agree w/
@ethanbdm
that we need to do much better in training students to use causal inference tools in *responsible* ways. But equally, we should be teaching them how to employ other research methods rigorously. Our knowledge will be so much better as a result. End
Read APSA's announcement . I understand the reasons why they cannot cancel the meeting. But there's nothing in the announcement about why they cannot offer an option to join remotely for those who do not want to cross a picket line. Can someone from the APSA Council explain?
My mom started selling cookies and brownies from our kitchen and ended up catering for the Queen of Spain and supporting five children entirely on her own. She was a baking genius who did not go to college -- or culinary school
Very excited and grateful to be at the LSE - Stanford -
@Uniandes
Conference on Long-Run Development in Latin America!
Check out the terrific program here:
And stay tuned for more tweets!
There was lots of conversation in 2020-21 about how the pandemic would harm research productivity.
My sense from talking to other Assistant Prof's is that, for many, the harm is starting to show now. Old projects took longer to complete, but new projects could not be started.
'Tis the season of syllabus updates! I have a new chapter on education in The Oxford Handbook of Historical Political Economy -- useful for courses on HPE, democracy, autocracy, nation-building, state-building, industrialization, and ofc, education:
I had to travel from
@Stanford
to
#IQMR
at
@SyracuseU
to start getting this type of training -- after being told at my alma mater that good qualitative historical research is "just common sense." It's as much common sense as doing good quantitative causal inference. 10/
Few people know that this article started as a footnote in my dissertation prospectus. It then grew to become part of my JMP, but not a central part of it. Even after it became a standalone paper, I would not have sent it to the
@apsrjournal
without
@ClaireAdida
's encouragement!
@legogradstudent
"Grant me the serenity to ignore the feedback that makes no sense,
the courage to incorporate the feedback that does,
and the wisdom to know the difference"
PoliSci should help us understand of how politics shapes education, and vice versa. If you are an
@APSAtweets
member, please support the creation of a new Education Politics and Policy section. Happy to say more/ answer questions! Please sign and RT
Honored to be named a Hellman Fellow along with amazing colleagues and following in the steps of
@ClaireAdida
@mollyeroberts
@C_J_Schneider
Simeon Nichter
I'm especially grateful that the fellowship will allow me to study how the Civil Rights Movement influenced education policy
But descriptive research of the kind that identifies important patterns than then require an explanation is not the only important non-causal form of research we should focus on. There is a lot of work related to describing *processes* we should be doing as well. E.g., 4/
Will you be on the job market for
#polisci
or
#econ
this AY? Does your JMP fall under "historical political economy"?
I'm teaching a new PhD course at UCSD this Fall. If you want to receive students' feedback on your JMP, let me know!
Copied this idea from
@Prof_Karthik_M
!
My guess: ChatGPT et al. will quickly lead to a decline in the value of coding skills. The emphasis should be in teaching students how to think, not how to code.
Teaching "Data Science for Politics" in the fall, traditionally a mix of R programming and basic stats, designed for beginners.
Now I’m considering an overhaul b/c of ChatGPT & I don't see banning as an option.
Any thoughts?
Key challenge is to maximize learning for most.
The chairs of the APSA Comparative Politics of Developing Countries division (
@jessicaajrich
and
@BruleRachel
) are asking panelists to consider withdrawing from APSA or moving their panel to a virtual setting
I'm not putting my money on
#APSA2023
Students do the type of research they are taught to do, because that is what they know how to do well. They know what the standards for a good diff-in-diff/ RD/ etc. study are. But they have no clue what good research looks like outside quantitative causal inference. 9/
The University of California is experiencing the largest
#ucstrike
in its history.
I started studying strikes by educators years before the wave of teacher strikes in 2018 made it a trendy topic.
Here's what I learned: 🧵
Are u a political scientist? Applying for
#APSA2021
? Have a paper on the political causes or conseq's of education?
If yes to all, consider submitting to APSA's NEW Education Politics & Policy Section! I'm its Chair and would love to see your work. Happy to answer questions.
This came as a surprise. It's such an honor to win an award that has previously gone to scholars whom I deeply admire and whose work has inspired my own. Thank you
@sh_grewal
@Matt__Graham
@VDjuve
@Samuels_DavidJ
!
You can check out the article here:
Wow. Wow, wow, wow. Mind-blowing research that has major implications for education policy and politics.
Bottom line: taking an Ethnic Studies course helps initially low-performing students thrive academically, both in the short- *and* long-term
I look forward to the day when development economists will stop pushing politics aside as an inconvenience, and will start incorporating it into their calculations.
I saw this attitude every day at the World Bank.
I think a lot of my fellow economists feel the case for PEPFAR is "just politics", and on substantive grounds we were/are right.
In contrast, I think we should see this as an *analytical* error, and reflect on how our conceptual apparatus failed us.
13/
"Our worry is that an HPE uniquely focused on causal inference might follow political science and economics in ceding the big questions of our time to other fields"
Highly recommend this Broadstreet piece by
@GiacomoBenati
& Federica Carugati
I took my PhD students to the UCSD library for our Historical Political Economy class.
Happy to report that all of them came out ecstatic and with a sense that projects are better and more feasible when you look beyond what's online.
Thrilled to share new work with
@AnjaNeundorf
& Wooseok Kim:
"Democracy and the Politicization of Education",
We find democratization⬇️the politicization of teacher hiring/firing decisions, but does less to reduce the politicization of educ content.🧵
I was secretly and strongly hoping for Claudia Goldin to win the Nobel in Economics this year. Her contributions to the study of educational expansion in the US have been just as influential as those on women's participation in the labor market. Congratulations
@PikaGoldin
!
This year’s economic sciences laureate Claudia Goldin showed that female participation in the labour market did not have an upward trend over a 200 year period, but instead forms a U-shaped curve.
The participation of married women decreased with the transition from an agrarian
So why don't we have more of this? I *don't* think the main problem are incentives to publish. The problem starts with the training we provide. In many top political science departments today, and certainly in econ, we do not train our students to do this type of research. 8/
An article I wrote several years ago highlights a tradeoff in labor strikes:
1) They can improve workers' leverage in a negotiation,
but simultaneously,
2) They can trigger organization and anti-union policymaking by conservative actors
#AcademicTwitter
: How are people who study nothing directly useful for ending a pandemic or preventing deaths dealing with the irrelevance of our work at a time like this? Asking for a friend...
So thrilled to be a coauthor of the new Varieties of Indoctrination dataset (V-Indoc) led by
@AnjaNeundorf
. This cross-national dataset contains many measures of the politicization of education and the media for 160+ countries from 1945-2021. See launch event info below.
Event Invitation - Varieties of Indoctrination (V-Indoc) Data Launch: 28 Feb, 15h (GMT). The V-Indoc dataset introduces 27 original indicators and 13 indices, measuring the politicization of education and the media. More info and registration here ⬇️
Social scientific research is not just about assessing causal claims. I know, others have already pointed to the importance of descriptive research so that we can identify what causal questions are important, 2/
"But the reality is if you want to write more than a few papers a year, I think there's no other way to do it than to heavily involve RAs" and delegate to them data cleaning and analysis
So maybe we *should* be writing fewer but better papers?
Some broad take-aways:
(1) domestic conflict can create incentives to invest in state capacity;
(2) primary education may emerge and expand for reasons that have nothing to do with promoting the human capital of the poor.
Happy to announce the Education Politics and Policy Online Winter Conference featuring
@SReckhow
@stasavage
@k_a_shores
@TBozcha
@cxlastra
and many others
When: March 4-5, 9am-12:10pm Pacific Time
Register by MONDAY 3/1 using this form:
Assumptions can be tested. Unlike in causal identification, where we are making assumptions about an unobservable counterfactual, we can actually study and identify the *processes* by which autocrats try to survive, govts try to foster nationalism, etc. 6/
@ProfTDee
@StanfordEd
I teach a course that is half "what works" (the econ of ed approach) and half "what's politically feasible" (the political economy approach). It works great to have both and students love it. Lots of time is wasted on technically sound policy recommendations that are not feasible
One time when I wore jeans to my old job at
@WBG_Education
, someone told "dress not for the job you have but for the job you want"
Instead of dressing more formally, I went and found a job in
#academia
Remind me, why do we dress so formally for our conferences?
#DropTheSuit
Spent my first day as a
#professor
packing, because I'm moving to San Diego!
@UCSD
here I come -- it's been a one-year wait, and I couldn't be more excited to join my amazing colleagues in political science and
@GPS_UCSD
!
Leaving
#APSA2018
super excited to see growing interest in education issues among political scientists!
Announcement: We're creating a new "Education Politics and Policy" section.
Expect an email from me soon!
Please spread the word! Cc:
@benwansell
@LeslieKFinger
If you're interested in
#education
, I promise this will be worth it! Join me tomorrow June 4 at 12pm Pacific Time for a conversation with
@EmiVegasV
and
@JustinSandefur
about implications of COVID19. Register here:
What strategies do autocrats use to survive? How do unions attempt to influence policy? What are the main policies governments turn to when they want to foster nationalism? Etc., etc., etc.
LOTS of our theories make *assumptions* about these things, yet these 5/
@RachelStrohm
The K-12 funding structure contributes greatly to educational inequities (see Lafortune et al's 2018 AEJ paper). However, in most U.S. states today (though not in Illinois), states are a more important source of funding than local govts. See graph below from
@chingos
&
@kblagg
Many reactions to that misogynist op-ed failed to engage with a reality: EdDs and PhDs in Education, disproportionately earned by women, are usually considered "less than" other PhDs. 1/2
True story: my PhD in PoliSci program didn't accept the PhD methods courses I had completed
2010: "The quality of an education system cannot exceed the quality of its teachers"
2021: "Make sure kids have enough food before you start meddling with teachers' work"
Wow.
Results after 2 years from the first RCT of a large-scale government school feeding program in Africa show BIG benefits for poor kids:
+.22 sd in height-for-age,
+.33 sd in learning outcomes,
$66/year
by
@ElisabettAurino
et al.
I'll add: the U.S. isn't innovating here. The panic after the BLM protests and white elites' efforts to prohibit critical race theory in the classroom is in line w/ a common pattern whereby elites threatened by mass protest turn to education to teach kids to accept the status quo
The way to understand the panic over critical race theory is as a reactionary counter-mobilization. After George Floyd’s murder & ensuing wave of protests, a focus on racism in America took on new urgency. Fearmongering over CRT is largely a project to delegitimize that movement.
"Education or Indoctrination? The Violent Origins of Public School Systems in an Era of State-Building," at , is the most cited APSR article published in the last year! 😲
In this conversation w/ the APSR, I share an insider's perspective on this study 👇
NEW BLOG from
@apsrjournal
-
Conversations with Authors: Education or Indoctrination? The Violent Origins of Public School Systems in an Era of State-Building -
-
@aspaglayan
Now that the APSR controversy is old Twitter news, I think all of us would do a great service to the discipline from reading
@maqartan
's reflection on his own gender biases:
1/3
2) Regardless of whether they work with me on projects or not, I strongly encourage students to develop their own research agenda. Pursuing a PhD is about carving out your own identity as a scholar. That requires spending time on what YOU care about.
I know, the under-representation of female authors in top journals is startling, but I'm nonetheless very excited to see two friends and terrific scholars,
@vcharnysh
& Vicky Fouka, published in the same issue of the APSR!
Read (and cite) their papers -- they are important!
@tab_delete
@StanfordDaily
I am glad that he is stepping down and grateful for all the work that you and others at the
@StanfordDaily
did to uncover this. Today is an important and good day for Stanford and for science.
Our understanding of the world would be much better if we did more of this type of descriptive work. And then we can focus on identifying if these strategies, policies, etc. actually succeed in getting actors what they want. (That's the causal identification question.) 7/
Como profesora, una de las premisas basicas que guian mi trabajo es que sin respeto hacia el alumno no puede haber aprendizaje. Fomentar el espiritu critico es incompatible con agredir o humillar al alumno.
Los dichos del presidente son preocupantes.
@JoshuaPotash
*And* the protest movement that started 15 years ago! i.e. the student movement of 2006 ("marcha de los pinguinos"), which challenged the segregation-inducing education policies inherited from the Pinochet regime
Best advice I ever got on how to prepare for the job market talk came from
@justingrimmer
in the form of a Taylor Swift song:
"And the hater's gonna hate, hate, hate, hate, hate...
Baby, I'm just gonna shake, shake, shake, shake, shake
Shake it off! Shake it off!"
Announcing the Education Politics and Policy Winter Conference, to be held online March 4-5, 9am-12pm Pacific Time
Apply to present:
Participation is free for members of the APSA Education Politics Section; $25 for non-members
Thx for sharing widely!
People: Please check your gender biases. How many of you congratulating "Claudia" have also congratulated "Ben," "David" or "Paul" in the last 3 years, or would be congratulating "Daron" if he'd won?
"Politics Matters in Education Reform—but Not How You Think"
In a series of
@CGDev
blog posts, I'll summarize 3 things I've learned about how politics shapes education.
The first one's now up:
"The obsession with teacher unions is unwarranted"
because they were from a PhD in Education. Turns out, I aced the PoliSci methods exam and they had to remove me from the grading curve because I was an outlier. A waste of my time, and a clear illustration of the unfair stigma that affects PhDs in Education and EdDs
I'm worried: "we find that women receive systematically lower teaching evaluations than their male colleagues. This bias is driven by male students’ evaluations, is larger for mathematical courses, and particularly pronounced for junior women."
And I for sure agree with that. E.g., did you know most of the global expansion of public primary schooling took place *before* democracy? This implies it's really important to study how different factors affected educ provision under autocracy (which we haven't done much of) 3/
1) The students I advise are always welcome to work with me on my projects, but I do not *expect* them to work with me. My advising is not quid pro quo: I give, they take, I expect nothing in return. More important:
Last day at
@CGDev
, where I've spent the last year as their 2017-18 postdoc. Sad to leave many great colleagues. Grateful for the opportunity to advance my research agenda in an environment where top-quality & policy-relevant research in int'l
#development
go together.
@rglenner
Myth: granting voting rights to the poor increases public service provision and lowers inequality
Some evidence against it: books by Ansell & Samuels, Scheve & Stasavage, Albertus; my paper on the non-effect of democratization on primary school enrollment rates
El modelo de "vouchers" que propone Milei para educacion, similar al de salud que describe abajo, es un peligro. Lo digo con conocimiento amplio de la evidencia que existe en paises donde esto se ya ha intentado.
🗣️ Javier Milei: "Queremos cambiar el modo de financiar la salud"
"Nada es gratis".
"Vamos a dar los recursos para que vos decidas donde atenderte".
🗣️ Antonio Laje
👉 Seguí en
#BuenosD
íasAmérica
📺
@drsimonegold
Scientists are continuously learning new things and changing their minds when new evidence warrants it. That is the hallmark of a good scientist! A bad scientist is one who sticks to the same advice despite new evidence that should lead him/her to revise their advice.
The 2020 Fiona McGillivray Award for the Best Political Economy Paper presented at APSA goes to "Ethnic Bias in Judicial Decision-making: Evidence from the Kenyan Appellate Courts", by
@feiyonah
@jandrewharris
@dhdannychoi
- Congratulations!
Reflection on the selection process:
Are you teaching a class on The Politics of U.S. Public Policy? Education Policy? Intro to American Politics? Interest Groups?
Then I have a suggestion!
Please consider exposing your students to new perspectives and evidence about public-sector unions!
"Public-Sector Unions and the Size of Government" is out
@AJPS_Editor
! I hope it informs and revises how we think about
#teacher
and public-sector
#unions
.
Pls RT, read, cite, include in syllabi, and share!
#FreeAccess
through November
#SocSciResearch
So happy that my article on education, democracy, and autocracy has had much diffusion! Since appearing in
@apsrjournal
#FirstView
, 1444 people have accessed the PDF and 1511 the HTML. If you prefer the print issue, it's now also available!
#SocSciResearch
My take: You need a JMP for the
#polisci
job market! It can be a published article, but most often it's a working paper. If you have a book-style dissertation, you are better off submitting the article version of your book as a JMP than multiple chapters.
Is this controversial?
So I've been told that job market papers aren't a thing in
#polisci
but I keep seeing references here and there. Is this just because IPE and environmental policy share space with econ scholars or am I missing something
📢 Who expanded mass primary education 🧑🏫 and why? We commonly think democracies did as pro-poor policy, but
@aspaglayan
shows us that it was dictators who expanded education to silence dissent.
Listen to this fascinating convo in our new ep.