4 years ago I met a major international fund manager who said:
“I make investment decisions based on a country’s momentum, which I judge by:
1. whether the best & brightest are staying in the country
2. the qualifications of those in key eco. decision making posts"
1/2
#erkekleryerinibilsin
(men should know their place) is trending on Turkish twitter, with posts replacing “men” for “women” in popular misogynous sayings. A brilliant show of the ludicrous discrimination in daily language re. women’s duties, conduct, clothing, abilities, chastity
2/2 Assessing Turkey on these grounds, he said:
"I'm pulling out.
Not because of corruption, or democracy deficits, or any imminent economic crash.
But because I see the country risks becoming mediocre."
Despite expectation of a close race, it has been a very peaceful, pleasant day of voting so far in Turkey. Strong turnout is marked.
With just an hour left to vote, there is a visible sense of relief on the streets.
The night of counting will be long and suspenseful.
A Greek diplomat said, re. the Philia (Friendship) Forum hosted in Athens with participants from the Republic of Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, France and the UAE, “The most vocal voices against Turkey were the Arab countries, not us".
IŞİD'e katılıp dönen Türkiye vatandaşları, aileleri, ve tanıdıkları ile konuşarak araştırmamıza bir yıl önce başladık. IŞİD’lilerle ilgili yetkisi, deneyimi veya fikri olan herkesle konuşmaya çalıştık. Raporumuz pazartesi, sunumu Perşembe günü.
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🗓️ 2 July
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Register here ⇉
1/5 Our new
@crisisgroup
report on Turkey’s Libya intervention provides a number of reality checks to all external actors involved in the conflict:
THREAD ⬇️
Three files that are priorities for the Turkish state hardline were left open from the 1990s, and are flaring simultaneously nowadays: Greece/Cyprus, PKK in n. Iraq, N. Karabakh. Ironically, AKP had tried to forge another path on all three fronts in its early years.
Many people are comparing & contrasting: the June 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey versus the ongoing crisis on US streets. All I know is: leading American TV news stations are not showing penguin documentaries all day to avoid coverage of the protests.
#selfcensorship
1/7 With East Med tensions flaring as Turkey and Greece exchange barbs and hold rival military drills, the risk of a misstep sparking a military incident is real.
A must-read commentary by
@dkhalifa
&
@GregoryPWaters
on how much Turkey's Syria policy can/will change.
Also outlines impact of Syria situation on Turkish economy, national security, and public opinion
@CrisisGroup
In 🧵below I share two take-aways
Azerbaijan is in the global spotlight more than ever, with a lot on its plate.
During my recent visit to Baku for the international forum of
@ADAUniversity
and
@aircenteraz
I observed three interconnected agenda items:
* Hosting COP29 (the UN Climate Change Conference), which
Contradictory narratives abound about the costs and benefits of Turkey’s recent military interventions. In this commentary, I assess the prospect of synergy between Turkey and its Western allies in conflict theatres where the Turkish military is engaged.
The Çanakkale Strait Bridge, coming along, set to be the longest in the world. We’re doing very well bridging Asia & Europe with infrastructure, but not fairing as well with civilisational bridging.
Two points I heard today in
#Turkish
public debate:
“Those who rely on imperialist forces get left in frost”
The US did much more (like deploying own forces) to protect YPG from Turkish incursion in Syria than it did for
#Ukraine
to keep out
#Russia
Traveling in both Nairobi and Baku this past week, I have come across many friends and foes of President Erdoğan who have in common the conviction that Turkish foreign policy is the function of one man.
1/5
Erdoğan just now said West hasn't done anything meaningful to support
#Ukraine
, “just a blast of condemnations” (kınama cümbüşü)
“NATO needs to take decisive steps”, “EU needs to have a decisive position”
shouldn't become a shadow play/puppet show (i.e. Karagöz & Hacivat)
Heartbroken to hear the passing of Kemal Derviş.
I and many of my closest friends and colleagues who had the honor to work with him in the early 2000s remain deeply influenced by his inclusive style and wisdom as he sought viable middle ground on thorny issues.
Bugün Azerbaycan Cumhurbaşkanı İlham Aliyev’in ülkesinin savaş sonrası duruşuna dair sözlerini ilk elden dinleme fırsatı buldum. 3 saatlik süren toplantıdan çıkarımlarımı paylaşıyorum: 1/9
After the Russia announcement recognizing the independence of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, the Turkish MFA announced it rejects this recognition as it is “a clear violation” of Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. 1/7
.
@CrisisGroup
başkanı
@Rob_Malley
ile Türkiye’nin bölgesinde neden/nasıl davrandığını konuştuğum Podcast sohbeti...John Kerry’nin Moskova uçağında darbe girişimini duyduğu an ile ilgili ilginç bir anekdotla…
Cyprus is in the spotlight these days.
Tomorrow, July 20, marks 50 years since Turkish troops landed in north Cyprus in response to a coup orchestrated by the Greek military junta aimed to unify Cyprus with Greece, preceded by over a decade of intercommunal violence and
On Saturday night President Erdoğan talked to a group of journalists on the plane about relations with Armenia. Parts of his 3-paragraph statement have been circulating in the media. Here is the confirmed English version of the 1st paragraph 1/5
Probably Egypt will now green light Turkey joining East Med Forum.
Greek Cypriot interlocutors told me earlier this year that Egypt was main obstacle, not themselves. We’ll see.
And Ankara will also want Turkish Cypriot community somehow represented.
Smooth sailing doubtful
Cyprus getting submerged in great power competition:
The US may have lifted arms embargo on Republic of Cyprus primarily to:
-Remove Russian weaponry from Greek Cypriot arsenal
-Reward Greek Cypriots for closing airspace and ports to Russian flights and vessels.
But...
1/2
The parallel eruption of riots in refugee-dense neighborhoods in Turkey and in SNA-controlled territories in northwest Syria highlights the complex bind Ankara finds itself in.
1/4
Turkey-Russia is on the list not as a conflict but as a dynamic to watch closely because their respective forces are very close to multiple front lines, and the trajectory of their relations impacts regional conflicts, in particular Libya, Syria, N. Karabakh.
When I was in DC earlier this month, the Finland/Sweden question dominated Turkey-related discussions.
Why/when will Ankara green-light their NATO membership?
The degree to which this issue resonates across the board in Washington may not be sufficiently grasped in Ankara.
All eyes are on Istanbul.
I just cast my vote in the Tarabya neighborhood. The lines were still long, with less than 1.5 hours remaining. The person on duty at the ballot box said 1/4 on the voter list hadn't voted yet. It's more cumbersome than usual because there are four
Do US & Europe draw Turkey closer only to contain & subjugate it?
Has Ankara been using its western allies to beef up its capabilities, only to work at cross purposes?
Pursue/withdraw patterns have always been inherent in their relations.
My Twitter (X) homepage is churning with posts by Turkish advocates of improved relations with the EU expressing disillusionment about the latest EU Council conclusions which effectively linked any progress on Turkey-EU relations to the progress of Cyprus talks on RoC terms.
Turkish public is not convinced about utility of sending troops to Libya. Survey finds only 34 percent is in favor:
@turkiye_raporu
Detailed breakdown by political party in
@cumhuriyetgzt
today: only AK Party voters are above 50 percent, and not by much (56%).
“Winning by not losing” was central to Turkey’s intervention in Libya & escalation in East Med. Not so re. N Karabakh. And compared to Libya’s GNA or Syrian opposition rebels, Turkish public at large associates more w/ cause of Azerbaijan. These are 2 of many dissimilarities.
1- The panel on the South Caucasus on Friday at
#ADF2024
featured some revealing exchanges, on Azerbaijan-Armenia and Turkey-Armenia diplomatic processes.
Here is my interpretation of what I heard:
1/13
Just now: Turkish FM faults French President for provoking Greece, claims he has been badmouthing Turkey with false allegations in East Med & Lebanon, says his “hysteria” against Ankara is rooted in feeling sidelined re. NE Syria, and having made wrong bet on Haftar in Libya.
1/ New
@CrisisGroup
report calls on Western countries to repatriate as many of their citizens as possible from
#AlHol
camp in
#Syria
.
These states should also work with
#Turkey
to repatriate their citizens detained by Turkey for ISIS links. THREAD
President Erdogan was grateful for Putin's support during the July 2016 coup attempt in Turkey. Observers even believe Erdogan was tipped off (about the threat) by the Kremlin beforehand. This and other interesting angles in
@CrisisGroup
report:
With Turkish municipal elections one week away, public discussions are rife with speculation regarding Ankara's potential post-elex actions concerning the Kurdish issue and the fight against PKK.
Options floated include the below:
1. Taking decisive military action against PKK
1/3 An important development in
#Ankara
-
#Yerevan
relations: the decision to appoint special representatives. A much needed direct dialogue track.
In his statement
@MevlutCavusoglu
made it clear that coordination with
#Baku
will be tight.
Those complaining until yesterday that
#Ankara
hadn’t closed the
#Straits
to warships, are today saying this is a useless move because it can’t apply to Russia’s Black Sea fleet headed there. But there may be more to it than meets the eye. One is ⬇️ 1/2
I would nuance that assessment a bit. It may not matter for the Black Sea theater in the short run but it definitely complicates the planning of Russia re the balancing btw Black Sea and East Med.
Crisis Group’s take on how countries in Asia, MENA, Africa, and Latin America look at the war in
#Ukraine
:
Responses are conditioned by internal political debates and foreign policy priorities.
Here are some points on
#Turkey
⬇️
@crisisgroup
1/6
Around 25.000 Turkish nationals live in Ukraine, and are a lead source of info for Turkish TV stations, connecting from shelters, or in long lines at border w/ Hungary or Poland, from where they can transit without a visa or CPR test. A few said they'll stay to defend Ukraine.
1/3 New
@CrisisGroup
statement ahead of 24-25 Sept European Council mtg calls for time & space for dialogue, instead of sanctions against Turkey. Further punitive measures will not move Ankara toward talks, and would empower hardliners in the country.
Indeed. And along related lines, Amb. Jeffrey highlighted that Turkey in effect counterbalanced Russia: “Look what [Erdogan] has just done in eight months in Idlib, Libya and Nagorno-Karabakh. Russia or Russian allies have been the loser in all three."
Crisis Groups names Turkey-Russia among “conflicts to watch” in 2021. This is happening in a world where some seriously believe that “Turkey is turning away from the West and getting closer to Russia”. Same folks also believe that “Turkey could share F35 secrets w/ Russians”
IŞİD’e katılmak için Irak ve Suriye’ye giden Türkiyeli kadınların sayısının 1000-2000 arasında olduğu tahmin ediliyor. Kadınlar homojen bir grup değil. IŞİD’e katılmak için sebepleri çok çeşitliydi. Örgüt içinde de farklı görevler alabildiler.
Turkey, like many countries, must figure out how to handle thousands of citizens coming home from jihadist battlefields abroad.
Register here for a virtual panel featuring
@nigargoksel
,
@BerkayMANDIRACI
,
@dbyman
and
@AdeCar
⇉
Turkey’s local election results came as a surprise..
Following the disappointment and disillusionment from the May 2023 elections, and the subsequent splintering of the opposition alliance, even supporters of Turkey's opposition didn't dare harbor such high hopes. 1/5
The start of Turkey-Greece exploratory talks next week is an opportunity to stop their bilateral disputes from bleeding into the agenda of Turkey-EU relations to the detriment of all sides. This will be the first such meeting since 60 rounds of talks in 2002-2016. THREAD 1/9
Post-election reckoning in Turkey is ongoing at full speed as the country is braced for 28 May presidential race run-off.
Was the decisive factor identity politics or perceptions of competence, pollsters will know better (or will they?).
1/4
Nine years ago today (15 April 2015) was my first day of work at
@CrisisGroup
The turbulence of Turkey and its neighbourhood has been quite like a roller coaster.
And moreover, the visions of S. Demirel, T. Özal, and İ. Cem from the 1990s have deep underlying presence still in today’s Turkey’s foreign policy
In sum, besides personal styles, I would expect elements of both change and continuity, no matter who wins.
#T
ürkiye
#elections
5/5
"We must stop using another nation's name for insulting people. In Armenia, to insult someone they call you a Turk ...I want to tell people who try to insult me (by calling me Turk), they are not insulting me at all, bc I do not accept/perceive it as an insult"
Armenia PM, 12 Dec
My take-aways from
@crisisgroup
statement on Nagorno Karabakh:
Why? Frustration with diplomacy.
Losing faith in diplomatic efforts, and seeing int'l community is distracted/indifferent, Baku may have chosen to move ahead to recover territory. 1/6
President Erdoğan announced yesterday that Turkish military deployment to Libya had begun. What’s behind the latest decision and what are the likely consequences? THREAD ⇩⇩⇩ 1/7
The Turkish people believe that without military muscle the country’s interests and concerns will not be taken into account. We discussed how this mindset has come about over the years.
🎧 “Turkey is surrounded by conflicts that Turkey didn’t start and upheavals it didn’t create.”
@nigargoksel
joins
@Rob_Malley
and
@NazModirzadeh
to discuss what this means for Turkey’s foreign policy on this week’s episode of Hold Your Fire! ⇊
Moscow is now perfectly poised to exploit the fallout.
Russia has set its sights on north Cyprus, to play on the sovereignty dispute between Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots, and deepen wedges between Türkiye-EU and Türkiye-US.
2/2
IŞİD’e katılmak için Irak veya Suriye’ye giden Türkiye vatandaşlarının sayısı tahminen 5000-9000 arasında. Dönenlerin bazıları cihatçı militan oluşumlara hala sıcak bakıyor. Yeni raporumuz Ankara’nın geri dönenlerle nasıl baş ettiğine ışık tutuyor.
.
@CrisisGroup
report launch in Istanbul graciously hosted by the Swedish Consul General, in stunning premises and with lively engagement from civil society, media, international orgs, diplomatic corps...
Taking stock of Turkey's elex re. what lies ahead:
A strong reality of Turkish society & elite alike is the perception of threat of instrumentalisation by the West. How to reckon with this reality while seeking win-win collaboration in geographies where interests align? 1/4
Greatest calamity in the history of Turkey.
Across 10 provinces over 12,100 buildings collapsed or severely damaged. Death-toll and anger rising sharply.
Political polarisation may deepen on the one hand, but new senses of unity may also be constructed.
Ankara-Athens escalation is worrisome.
Their maritime disputes have been around for decades. And now both sides are in pre-election mode, trying to mobilise their publics with hawkishness towards the other.
The war of words is therefore to be expected.
1/3
ICG expert
@Simon_Schlegel_
: Russia will attempt to control entirety of Luhansk and Donetsk regions.
#Ukraine
will use heavy weaponry delivered by Western partners to rebuff the attack.
If successful, Putin may encircle Ukrainian army in the east, and portray victory.
Minister Soylu speaking now, points finger at US.
He says Ankara has received the message, and is rejecting condolences of US. The perpetrator was allegedly planning escape to Greece. Strong response by Turkiye to follow.
(Sounds like signaling incursion into Syria)
Bugün yayınlanan
@crisisgroup
raporu Türkiye’nin Trablus hükümetine askeri destek sağlama gerekçelerini ve şimdiye kadarki sonuçlarını analiz edip ortak zemin aranmasına yönelik adımlar öneriyor. Türkçe özeti:
Different sets of Aegean islands were subject to different demilitarisation regimes, so the complexity is hard to capture in a tweet.
For outline of positions, check out this
@crisisgroup
report, particularly Appendix B detailing legal arguments.
🎙 Excited to share that I feature in the latest episode of "Hold Your Fire!" with
@atwoodr
.
We assess Turkey’s stance in neighborhood conflicts where it is variably engaged and sometimes eclipsed.
We also speculate on a few broader topical questions, such as whether Turkey is
The reality is, Ankara’s foreign policy has actually taken many turns under the same leadership since 2002 too. Listen to our recent
@crisisgroup
podcast reviewing some of these significant shifts:
4/5
In
#Baku
this morning at
@ADAUniversity
I asked abt divergent views regarding security & border checks of transport routes.
Response from senior transport official: “until there is trust, checkpoints and customs will be needed. One day they won’t be.”
After a week of
@crisisgroup
meetings in Ankara with INGOs, state institutions, and diplomats on the risk of exploitation of refugee vulnerabilities, here we are leaving the Presidency, with
@BerkayMANDIRACI
Two thoughts from
@EdamOrg
&
@CER_EU
panel on US-Turkey relations:
Americans advocating to wait until Turkey’s 2023 elections to tackle ossified problems, don't realize every day that passes strengthens the hand of Turks who would rather see relations with US deteriorate 1/2
Its time to think more about Syrians sustaining their livelihood in Turkey in the long term. Invest in their education and skills. Also need more focus on strengthening Turkish public institutions, municipalities and local NGOs so that services are durable after donors leave.
As expected, Russia apparently opened Syrian airspace to Turkish warplanes.
This can certainly play into the popular narrative of:
"The West only criticizes Turkey for pursuing its national security, while Moscow understands Ankara’s vital interests."
"Integrating Turkey into projects to extract and export the gas to Europe could help reduce the country’s use of hard power to press its neighbours for a share of the resources, analysts at the International Crisis Group said in a report released today."
Turkish ruling and opposition parties compete in fuzzy language to pledge returning Syrian refugees voluntarily & in accordance w/ international law.
Understandable, but rather a long shot, requiring safety, decent governance, schools, hospitals, jobs, homes in Syria.
1/2
President Erdoğan delivers strong threat to Syrian regime: From today onwards if any more harm comes to Turkish soldiers there, our retaliation will not be contained within
#Idlib
or the boundaries of the Sochi agreement, we will strike back against regime forces everywhere.
Tomorrow (20 July) marks three-year anniversary of collapsed ceasefire between Turkey and PKK. Using open source data,
@CrisisGroup
has been tracking the fatalities.
In 3 years (since July 2015) the PKK conflict in
#Turkey
has killed at least 3,971, incl. 455 civilians. As the conflict's human toll rises, no end to escalation is in sight in the short run. Check out
@CrisisGroup
's unique infographic to find out more.
@ZaurShiriyev
@CrisisGroup
Wherever you go, you'll take not only your professional competence and intellectual strength, but also your unwavering ethics, calm demeanor, and integrity, which have inspired me for nearly two decades.
Here is our new commentary pointing out that UN appointment of envoy for
#Cyprus
problem could be the only way for a mutually agreeable roadmap to be devised for return to formal settlement talks.
1/2