Shared Numic cognates: A list
Some of you might have seen a glimpse of these cognates that I posted, but I decided to update them properly.
I pin this, so it will be easier for me to work on this list and it will eventually go to my Numic vocabulary comparison thread.
That one time when the USA and the USSR fought each other in Alaska.
Alright, their arctic people fought each other.
In 1947, the last great Chukchi raid was conducted against the Inuit in Wales, Alaska.
Thread on what made the Comanche the most brutal and feared American Indian horse warriors, how they halted European expansion for generations, and how the Anglo-Texans eventually learned to defeat them. 🧵
(Part 1)
How far will you go in the name of hospitality?
Some excerpts from ''Cynophagy, homosexuality and anthropophagy in medieval Islamic North Africa as signs of hospitality'' by Mabrouk Mansouri, 2014
Thank you (or in Comanche, ʉra) for reading my thread, I can provide with citations if my followers/mutuals ask for it and show which books are reasonable about this subject.
If you have any questions, I will be happy to hear them.
God bless and take care.
Both groups were warlike, however the Chukchi were reknown for their warfare. They targeted their Siberian neighbours, attacked American ships and raided the coasts of Japan.
So it was a surprise to everyone when they voluntarily joined the Russians after decades of fighting.
People need to know that the Numic expansion accelerated in the 13th century, so contributing it to the climate of Wyoming is hardly justified.
The Numic people apparently wiped out the early inhabitants of the Great Basin and went upwards, towards the Rocky mountains.
Calling them outcasts or claiming that they were bullied is unreasonable and I can immediately spot that you used Gwynne's book for your thread.
While the book is popular, it is unfortunately the reason why people make baseless and downright wrong claims about the Comanche-
The Hittites loved beer and they produced several types of it.
The best thing is that we can replicate the method used by them in order to experience their beverages...
...and they do not taste awful.
Thus you end up with claims such as these:
''So the Comanche, even more so than other Indian tribes, developed an extreme love of violence, torture, and war.''
You base this quote on what? You think that torture among the Comanche was different from other tribes?
Based on linguistic evidence, we know that they were an off-shoot to the Eastern Shoshone.
However, the Comanche retained some archaic features, thus we can conclude that they left the main Shoshone body around 1650 AD~ and went south.
That being said, they were NOT outcasts. The current Shoshone reservations stretch from California to Idaho.
Pre-1785 Shoshone were the absolute powerhouse of the western part of the USA, clashing with the Blackfeet in their own territory and fighting them in Saskatchewan.
''The Comanche were the first tribe to adopt and master the horse for war.''
The Apache were ultimately the first natives to use it for war against the Pueblo and the Spanish.
The motifs for these attacks varies, but usually consisted of the need for personal glory, loot, revenge and the search for brides.
One of the ships they attacked had black workers and their families as passengers and after killing the men they went away with the women.
It wasn't any different from other tribes. Yes, there was a reason why, at times, the Comanche were brutal, but it can be explained through their worldview (and their shared heritage with other Uto-Aztecan people).
And while vengeful at times, they were not-
engulfed in madness and wrath. They were merciful to those who did not challenge them and usually left them alone (Wichita, the Pueblos) as for the Comanche, war is not a necessity, but a game to enjoy.
Can you enjoy a game if your opponent is weary and afraid?
and their enterprises.
It ignores the early history of the Comanche and simplifying the relation between the early settlers (whether Spanish, Mexican, French or Anglo-Irish) and them.
Because of the lack of the Comanche perspective, the tribe ends up being portrayed as dull.
Speaking about armour, this Achaean reconstruction is neat.
Far better than to put a 17kg (37lbs) dendra armour on a footsoldier, unnecessary weight so to speak.
The Russian presence in Chukotka diminished the intertribal warfare between the various groups in the area, making the Chukchi shift their point of interest to their oversea neighbours.
The Inuit also warred with their neighbours, especially the Dene. Both groups stole loot and-
They were found living among the Chukchi by the Russians couldn't understand who these people were.
Eventhough the women were popular among the (young) Chukchi men, they were kept as servants who were being sold to other Chukchi villages.
It was eventually decided to close the borders for the arctic natives, discourage any contact between them and issue a residence permit in order to choke out the raids.
Which it did.
''So the Comanche migrated southwards to be closer to horseflesh, which they stole and bred and learned to ride on the Great Plains.''
That is not true, I will not bore you with the additional events that led to this migration, but to put it simply: The French lost a proxy war-
Comanche warbands were actually innovative as they did not have a single warchief. They did, in fact, not have a ''war chief''. If anyone wanted to start a raid or an expedition, he could just make a group of his own, without needing the permission of the elders.
women from each other, turning the hostilities quickly into an act of vengeance.
The relation between the Inuit and Chukchi were most of the time strained, with any misinterpretation becoming an analog for a fight.
village named Wales and plundered the reindeer herds. The fight resulted in several dozens of fatalities. The Inuit answered with similar raids on Chukchi villages.
Despite the confrontations, neither the USSR nor the USA provide an official statement about said situation.
Thomas Stewart Denison claimed that the Aztecs weren't originally from the Americas, but were actually a lost tribe of Aryan people from Central Asia.
He made a comparisons between classical Nahuatl and languages such as Sanskrit.
One of the way to reduce the bloodshed was to have a duel. A walrus skin was stretched and served as a platform for the two fighters to engage.
Shards of bones were stitched at the edges of the skin and the goal was to roll or throw your adversary on the shards.
against the Spanish in that region and the Comanche, being an ally to the French, had to move from the encroaching Utes.
They did (kinda) prefer the Southwestern region due to the abundance of trading hubs(Pueblos) compared to Texas and surrounding areas.
The violent interactions did not stop when the USSR began its existence. It became worse as the Chukchi coveted the equipment that they couldn't get on the Soviet market, so they targeted the Alaskan natives instead.
While the WWII did slow down the hostilities,-
''The Comanche never understood why the whites seemed to take this all so personally.''
No, they knew and understood it, but ask yourself; why would they care? The Anglo settlers challenged them in their own domains, which the Comanche found to be treacherous and impudent.
The Soviet placed their paratroopers in Chukotka and worked out scenarios for a possible landing in Alaska if the Americans would start an operation. The area quickly became very hostile.
small skirmishes were known, however in 1947, several dozen Chukchi attacked a small-
both the Americans and the Soviets saw a potential war brewing in the arctic.
The USA warned the disbanded territorial guard (that consisted of arctic natives) of ''inevitable war'' with the Soviets and tested their military equipment to examine its usability in the arctic.
The other half of the thread is about the Comanche warfare, which deserves its own thread. The reason why I am still semi-active is because of some threads (warfare being one of them) I am currently making. You'll see what I mean in a month, at the end of my Lent.
This is why Comanche had a tendency to use different methods at different times, as it was the group who decided how to fight, not the warchief or the older warriors of the band.
No, they would not and wouldn't want to rule over Oaxaca. That is not how Comanche or Plain indian style expansion worked. It was never about the land, but about the buffalo and trade. Usually, plains were of interest to the Comanche, but assuming that they-
The Spanish actually managed to ''subdue'' the Comanche, but not through force, but rather through diplomacy. The Spaniards made peace between the Utes and Comanche and used the combining force to crush the Apache.
The Spanish influence dwindled and the alliance broke down.
The did in fact managed to travel to Yucatán and the Comanche word for monkey is kwasi taiboo or foreign (white) man with tail.
But they would not consider that to be a part of a conquest as none of the Comanche bands lived there.
''The Comanches had lived unmolested deep in the high plains for generations, so their perpetual weakness was lax camp security.''
That would have been a death sentence for the Comanche as other rival tribes would have exploited it. While this did happen, it was not the norm.
only there to catch buffalo is simplifying their relation with the settlers and other native american tribes. This is why they liked to be around trading hubs, for the Comanche did in fact like the commerce in the region. They did not want more land than that which they can hold.
They did have a very bad relationship with the Mexicans, but that can partly be explained due to the Mexican government and its attitude to captive Mexicans.
The Comanche would not respect those whose own people did not respect.
comparing the Kóryos with any of the mentioned examples is wrong. The Kóryos is actually a tragic tale, rather than a story of great conquest that the three other examples had.
Yet none of the three examples are close to each other.
''The Comanche multiplied and became the undisputed rulers of the American steppe, exactly like the Mongols or Huns or Yamnaya did with their koryos warrior brotherhoods. If given more time, they would have conquered the continent from Alberta to Oaxaca.''
Alright-
@huhlakat
@RuzztC
Very cool thread. Can you post the title of the book you're looking for? Did find this on Google, maybe worth sending the author a message
UTO-AZTECAN ICONOGRAPHY IN THE SOUTHWEST: PART 2
TEZCATLIPOCA'S FANGS AND THE CULT OF THE OBSIDIAN BLADE
Today we'll look upon the symbolism of the obsidian stone for the (Proto-)Uto-Nahuan people and the Aztec comparison of it. (1/19)
The educative visuals made by the Chinese about the Hittites is better than what we have here in the west.
It is not even funny anymore, why are we lacking visual representation and decent information of them for the public?
They used the bad map though.
EXPLAINING HITTITE RELIGION: part 1
The sun god and the earth sun goddess
Welcome to my new series, where we look into the confusing and misunderstood Hittite religious beliefs.
One of wrong claims I saw here is that the Hittite sky sun deity is a female, which is not true.
Some Erzyan content:
I (loosely) translated the part of the Erzya-Mokshan epic Mastorava that sings about the death of a woman named Kilyava (birch woman in Erzyan), who fought against the Nogai raiders that attacked and destroyed her village.
I got one for you, Southern Cheyenne style: ''Message sent by an old man of the Cheyenne tribe to his son. A man named Turtle-thatfollows-his-wife sends the pictographic message to his son named Little-man. Their names are indicated above their heads. (1/3)
Today I'll present you the earliest Indo-European verse that we have found, coming from the Hittite Puḫanu-text that speaks about the time of Ḫattušili I and his Syrian campaign.
Puḫanu is also narrating the struggle between the Hittites and the Hurrians (1/4)
The Ute-Comanche relationship and the start of the trading wars in the Southwest: The first alliance
Today I will try to fix the unfortunate cause of misconceptions when it comes to early Comanche and general Ute history.
The first one is a Tlingit, next to him is a Pomo warrior. The armour is similar, perhaps a result of some trading connections?
The PNW natives did raid the Californian coast, but was that enough to influence the inhabitants?
UTO-AZTECAN ICONOGRAPHY OF THE SOUTHWEST PART 3
Quetzalcoatl's transcendence and the tamer of death.
It is only fair that we'll discuss the symbolism of Quetzalcoatl, after talking about his twin brother. (1/16)
Deposit of remains from the Crow Creek Massacre, in present day South Dakota. Dated to about 1350, this deposit of at least 486 victims - men, women, and children - represents the largest pre-Columbian massacre with an archaeological record. Virtually all the victims were scalped
@TogaPartygoer
Great observation, I will be honest to you, I made it a bit informal as I did not know that it will take off. However, as I mentioned in the thread, these claims come from certain sources rather than from OP himself, so my refutations are against the sources themselves.
The Haudenosaunee adopted the Christian concept of a heaven, however they insisted that heaven was inhabited by red people only.
The only white man in proximity to paradise was George Washington, but even he could not enter the abode and thus resided on the road to heaven.
THE UTO AZTECAN ICONOGRAPHY OF THE SOUTHWEST: PART ONE
The serpent symbolism.
Several people were interested in my refutal of the claim that the serpent is purely a symbol of earth in theAztec worldview, so this thread has been made to explain my standpoint.
Cynophagy was a relative widespread custom among the people in North Africa.
It was first mentioned in a letter from the Persian king Darius I to the Carthaginians, where he asked assistence against the Greeks and their renunciation from two of their traditions:
THE POTENCY OF PUHA: The concept of spiritual power among the Great Basin people.
Let me continue the series where I explain the religiosity and the worldview of the Shoshonean populace.
As Islam began to gain ground and followers in North Africa, the native populace attached themselves to the sharia of the Islamic faith.
However, some ended up walking in two worlds. The paper mostly deals with the local Amazigh people, but some influence from Carthage is noted.
Eating dog wasn't conducted in times of famine or other dire situations, rather it was seen as a good thing that was giving the consumer magical powers and health.
Apparently the brides of North Africa ate dog to ensure their future husbands to be just as loyal and kind as how a dog would.
So would a master of the house showcases the previous mentioned attributes by feeding his guests dog meat. He basically places himself on a plate.
Long distance running among the natives in Mexico and USA are both dominated by the Uto-Aztecans.
I cannot really explain this phenomena other than it has to be a core concept among these people as they're not the only ones who live(d) in dry, mountainous areas.
I do have a theory why Carthaginians practised cynophagy. This is going to be in a thread that I am currently researching for.
I give you a hint; it is due to the sack of Troy
In order to understand said practice, the author was looking into the social environment of the Amazigh people.
The Amazigh people did not segregate men from women and proceded with said conduct to the dismay of the Arabs.
However the pre-islamic Arabs were not known for their segregation based on sex either.
It is stated that at various religious activities, the pre-islamic Arabs would walk around naked without any concernity from one another.
WITIKO PSYCHOSIS AMONG NATIVE AMERICANS PART 1: DESCRIBING THE INCIDENT
On December 20th, 1879, at 7:30, a Cree man named Swift Runner (Kak-say-kwyo-chin) was executed at Fort Saskatchewan for murdering and eating his wife Charlotte, his mother-in-law, his (1)
Some notes and critique of S.C. Gwynne's ''Empire of the summer moon''
This book has been highly praised by many, claiming it to be an eye-opener on the tribal history of the Comanche people and a great summary on the feats of both the Texans and the amerindian groups. (1)
Amazigh women were very coveted and even after the conversion of many to Islam many fell victim to slavery.
This became one of the reasons for rebellions in North Africa against the Umayyad Caliphate.
Not all Maghrebi tribes ate dogs and some even refrained from cow.
This kind of abstinence was present in North Africa since the Bronze age as it noted that several ancient Lybian tribes would not eat cow due to their devotion to Hathor, the Egyptian goddess of motherhood.
However this practice was also being followed by Jews and Christians of North Africa, showing a consistency of the local populace engaging in their pre-conversion traditions.