Rob Gray ⚾️👁 @ShakeyWaits Twitter profile

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

6 months

Exciting announcement! My next book is coming soon (well, kinda soon...in a few months). It will focus on skill acquisition and development in coaching. Pre-order of the e-book version now. Paperback version will be released at the same time.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Rafael Nadal gets it..

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

As some may have heard, very excited to be joining @RedSox as a part-time skill acquisition specialist! Working across this storied organisation supporting player development, coaching and sports science ⚾️

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

The more I think about sports decision making the more I believe we have it backwards - its not about reacting fast & taking the best option quickly. Its about acting to keep as many options open for as long as possible until one affordance is more inviting & a decision emerges.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

It's here! My new book on skill acquisition -- "How We Learn to Move: A Revolution in the Way We Coach & Practice Sports Skills" Available for order now.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

My attempt an infographic to organize my thinking about "variability of practice". Resource page coming soon...

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

If you treat a movement skill (like a baseball or golf swing) like a fragile piece of glass that you should be incredibly careful with when you finally "get it down",not doing anything to mess with rythym or timing for example, it will invitably break into pieces on you..

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

My first attempt at a CLA infographic :) Join us in just over two over 2 hours for our practice activity analysis that will look at this and other coaching methods..

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

New presentation - The Two Skill Acquisition Approaches: Key Differences

The Two Skill Acquisition Approaches: Key Differences

Outlining the key differences between the Information Processing and Ecological Approaches to Skill Acquisition. Is this a useful dichotomy?

www.youtube.com

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

“Let the ball be your feedback”. This is exactly what our research shows highly skilled hitters focus their attention on. Furthermore, we find that when you use drills to direct attention to the ball leaving the bat, hitting performance improves.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

Surprise, it's here!! My NEW book, the follow-up to "How We Learn to Move" is available NOW. "Learning to Optimize Movement: Harnessing the Power of the Athlete-Environment Relationship"

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

P&A Podcast - Constraints Led Approach episodes: -What are Constraints? -Representative Design -Evaluating its Effectiveness -Why do we “Constrain”? -Research

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

Key point I like to keep making: All coaching involves constraints manipulation (ie, can be understood in terms of Newell's model). There is nothing else a coach can do! What differs is the goal of the manipulation and the type/severity of the constraints.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

11 months

Honoured to be named the as the first ever @EMERGENTMVMT Skill Acquisition Researcher of the Year 🥇

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

P&A Podcast #168 – Periodization of Skill Acquisition. How might we periodize skill acquisition in a manner similar to physical training – taking into account factors like specificity, load, progression and reversibility?

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

..but, if instead, you spend practice trying to break it by adding variability and changing constraints, exagerrating errors and even deliberately trying to do it "wrong" at times, you will get a resilient and adaptable movement made of iron!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

Beyond the fact that the action is completely decoupled from its natural perceptual info, why do we care how quickly an infielder can respond to visual stimuli in their far periphery and behind them? In the game, they look directly at the ball! Task analysis, please!

MLB/USA Baseball PDP

@BaseballPDP

6 years

Orlando Salinas quick with our green box test

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

Still getting a lot of Ecological Dynamics is just knocking down coaching "strawmen" and is just "old wine in new bottles" types of comments. Honestly, I just don't get it....🤷‍♂️

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Passed a nice milestone on the P&A Podcast recently! Never in my wildest dreams did I think this many people would be interested in what I have been told some call the "big word" podcast :) Thank you for listening and all your continued support!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

NEW: A Differential Learning infographic and resource page More exciting things coming on this topic next week!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

Study on eye movement characteristics and intervention of basketball shooting skill

Background The shooting aiming point is very important in basketball because it may affect the field goal percentage (FG%). The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of shooting aiming...

peerj.com

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Very cool example of skill specificity! Hand speed in one setting does not transfer to hand speed in the other.

Rob Friedman

@PitchingNinja

4 years

Aroldis Chapman vs. Mike Tyson, Mechanics.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

New Video - “Ecological” Skill Acquisition Terminology: Why is it so Damn Complicated & How Can it be better Understood?

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

P&A Podcast – Putting Variability into Practice -Intro/Contextual Interference -Application -How Much & When -Link to Movement Variability

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

P&A Podcast – Cueing to Facilitate Skill Acquisition External vs Internal Cues Analogies Research Movement Instruction vs Description Alternative Ways to Cue

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

For those that might be interested, I have collected all my baseball-related papers here:

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

How Numerical Unbalance Constraints Physical and Tactical Individual Demands of Ball Possession Small-Sided Soccer Games

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

This is what happens when you try to predict the future location of the ball from your internal model instead of using prospective control :)

Bryan Kephart

@thundercrat

5 years

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

My latest paper (Comparing cueing and constraints interventions for increasing launch angle in baseball batting) is out and has been added to my collection of baseball papers

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

Hammering home the message from the first chapter of my new book :) The Myth of the One "Correct", Repeatable Technique

How We Learn to Move: A Revolution in the Way We Coach & Practice Sports Skills

What is the new, revolutionary way people are becoming skillful? How is sports practice and coaching becoming more creative and fun – giving athletes the opportunity to explore and support their own...

www.amazon.com

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

NEW: Variability of Practice Resource Page. My attempt at clarifying the different definitions (e.g., blocked vs random, constant vs variable), findings, theories (e.g. Contextual Interference) and implications for coaching.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Finally, this approach does not mean letting athlete do whatever they want. It is a transition from the coach’s role from instructor to designer. Think how can I design practice conditions to allow athlete to find solution within bandwidth I want, not give them the solution.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Many might think this launch angle/fly ball business in baseball is new but Ted Williams was onto it nearly 50 yrs ago

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Appears there is lots more to the story than Stephen Curry’s “repetitive” shooting activity we all commented on last week!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Have heard some claim lately that the ecological approach is insufficient for coaching because it only focuses on motor skill acquisition and ignores other important factors like confidence, motivation, social influences, etc. Thus, mixing theories is required. Simply not true!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

2017 Perception & Action Podcast: -48 episodes -20 interviews ->100 journal articles reviewed -spin off Skill Acquisition AZ Meeting -lots more to come in 2018!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

Coming next week on the P&A Podcast: Periodization of Skill Acquisition

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

P&A Podcast #418 - Linking Movement Analysis, S&C and Skill Training. Data-driven practice design. Listen: OR Watch:

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

P&A Podcast #388 – An Extended Challenge Point Framework for Practice Design

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Thanks everyone for the feedback about my infographic! I have now started a "CLA Resource page" for those interested in learning more about this coaching method and applying it:

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Putting "fake agility" drills in their correct place :)

Coach Louis

@OswaldPer4mance

4 years

Here's one of my favourite ladder drills, probably proven to improve speed, agility & quickness

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Audio clip: "Repetition doesn't provide any information. Information comes out the differences" which our body is designed to create and detect. Wolfgang Schollhorn

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

One of the most exciting aspects of the ecological approach to skill development is its potential to reduce injury risk and speed adaptation to injury. Creating a resource page to keep track of this growing area!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

NEW: infographic and resource page for Direct Learning

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

Practice design to emphasise transfer to competition

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

Well, the first week's response to my book release has been overwhelming and honestly very humbling! We nearly got it to the top of the competitive "sports coaching category". Thank you so much to everyone for ordering and all the kind words!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Really like this figure from @ianren21 et al. Captures a lot of the different aspects of skill acquisition I try to explore.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

I absolutely LOVE this paragraph. It captures so many aspects of the self-organization approach to skill acquisition (from attractors to variability to constraints to psychological safety) in such a succinct way! From:

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

1 year

Manipulation of task constraints is the most effective motor learning method for reducing risk factors for ACL injury during side-step cutting in both male and female athletes

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

A few comments to the main critique of self organization in skill acquisition: “if I just let athlete do whatever they want they will develop bad habits & never find an effective movement solution”...

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Free version of my new paper available here for next 50 days: "Comparing the constraints led approach, differential learning and prescriptive instruction for training opposite-field hitting in baseball"

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Having seen a few posts lately where people chime in on a video of a (often young) pitcher saying something to the effect: “that’s an injury waiting to happen”. Not only is this very harmful, it’s simply ridiculous...

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

A perfect example of what the CLA is NOT: constraining to constrain instead of constraint to afford. Ideal solution instead of exploration.

Gerry DeFilippo

@Challenger_ST

2 years

If you go to a sports coach, strength coach, ANY coach & they have you set up like this to work on skill… Get the hell out of there

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

Passage highly pertinent to the comment I frequently hear that some athletes like/prefer isolated, repetitive practice. What you like is not always good for you! From:

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

P&A Podcast #342 – A Constraints-Based, Grand Unifying Theory of Sports Performance @PaulGlazier

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

When and How to Provide Feedback and Instructions to Athletes?—How Sport Psychology and Pedagogy Insights Can Improve Coaching Interventions to Enhance Self-Regulation in Training

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

There are no generalised skills, so trying to improve “reaction time”, “agility” w/o the specific info is a waste of time IMHO 3/3

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Today, The Perception & Action Podcast is officially 5 years old! Thank you everyone for listening, feedback & those that have supported the podcast via I am also quickly creeping up on the 300th Episode. For that, I plan to do something a bit different…

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

2023 is going to be the Year of the Coach on the Perception Action Podcast! Starting w/ this episode, I am going to be turning my focus from skill acquisition in athletes to skill acquisition and development in coaches. Any suggestions for specific topic ideas welcome!

Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

P&A Podcast #432 – Applying the CLA to Coach Development, Matt Wood @CoachWood1

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

Typically best way to improve “peripheral vision” is just to get better at primary skill so can devote more attention to periphery. Not expanding visual field.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

P&A Podcast #87 – The Constraints-Led Approach to Coaching I: What are Constraints?

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

P&A Podcast #304 – Interview with Wolfgang Schollhorn, Mainz, Differential Learning. “If we want to have extraordinary performance we need to train extraordinarily!"

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

Summary slide from great talk by @david_l_mann on visual skills in sport

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Using a self organization approach does not mean there are no wrong movements. It means there is no one ideal one you are going to prescribe. Instead, there is an acceptable range you will let the athlete self organise within to optimally adapt to their own individual constraints

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

NEW Video Presentation: A Different Way of Thinking About Soccer Practice & Coaching

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Someone needs to tell this guy that an internal focus of attention is bad for you or I don't think he has much of a career ahead of him!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

Holy cow! The commentator in the Tigers’ spring training game on mlb tv just nicely explained the difference between random vs blocked practice and how the Tigers are trying to add more random practice in training!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Good discussion of how different types of practice alter the task dynamics in batting, making their effectiveness ??

The Physics of Batting Practice

Practice makes perfect. So what are we trying to perfect?

tht.fangraphs.com

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

The effect of grunting on overhead throwing velocity in collegiate baseball pitchers

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Great thread! This issue is not cueing vs not cueing. The issue is what you are saying & how you are using verbal instructions: as a constraint in the CLA to promote self organization VS a prescriptive instruction to develop an ideal technique. CLA is not "silent instruction"

Nick Winkelman

@NickWinkelman

4 years

Thread: To cue or not to cue? Is that the question? I believe we owe it to the broader coaching community to consider the merit of what appears to be a growing tension between instructional (verbal) and constraint-led (non-verbal) approaches to coaching. 1/19

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

My video reviews of my "top 10" favourite research papers from this year is now complete! Links to all the videos and the articles can be found here:

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

P&A Podcast #166 - Exploratory Search for Information, Affordances & Action Selection. A look at exploratory head movements in team sports and the affordance competition hypothesis.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

The effect of small-sided games with different levels of opposition on the tactical behaviour of young footballers with different levels of sport expertise

The effect of small-sided games with different levels of opposition on the tactical behaviour of...

To optimize players' tactical abilities, coaches need to design training sessions with representative learning tasks, such as, small-sided games. Moreover, it is necessary to adapt the complexity of...

journals.plos.org

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

Thank you for pulling this quote out Loren. Its one of the most important messages I hope people take from the book - inspired by one of my fav Ingold quotes: “Learning is about attending to things, rather than acquiring the knowledge that absolves us of the need to do so...”

Loren Anderson

@revenant_73

3 years

Already loving this book! Thanks @ShakeyWaits !!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

P&A Podcast #361 – Self Organization & Self-Regulation in Skill Acquisition: Clarifying Some Confusions

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Perception & Action Journal Club #6

Rob Gray ⚾️👁 - @ShakeyWaits

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

This is 1 minute and 44 seconds of absolute gold: periodisation, individualisation, functional links between df in coordination..

ALTIS

@ALTIS

5 years

“You can see 50 things that are wrong, but if you find the right virus, maybe 40 disappear because that virus is the trigger” - @PfaffSC @ALTISEdu #ThorneACP

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

My newest paper, 10 years in the making

Frontiers - Psychology

@FrontPsychol

7 years

Transfer of Training from Virtual to Real Baseball Batting

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Why could Michaël Jordan react so quickly to opposing player trying to dribble past him but not react fast enough to hit a MLB fastball? 1/3

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

For people out there trying to randomly poke holes in the Ecological Approach to Skill Acquisition, fair enough. But the Info Proces vs Ecol debate been going on for decades involving some giants in the field. Take some time to have a look. Most of your "issues" are not new..

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

Starting next week on the podcast: the first episode in a long overdue series looking at the legacy of JJ Gibson, Direct Perception & Invariants. Essential material for understanding CLA and Ecological Dynamics. As Bernstein is to action, Gibson is to perception :)

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

Practice variability promotes an external focus of attention and enhances motor skill learning

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

It fits well with Gibson's idea of "acting to perceive". Its "acting to decide". If we can act to keep multiple affordances available (that is, with skilled intentionality) the best course of action, the best "decision", will reveal itself.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

NEW infographic! For more info, watch here: Or listen here:

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Thanks again to @ALTIS for the invitation to speak yesterday! For those interested, will be making video version & posting in near future

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

Very excited to have this all coming together! Was a lot of fun marrying my ideas about skill acquisition/research with Randy's knowledge about anatomy/attractors and his incredible ability to design practice activities.

Randy Sullivan MPT, CSCS

@RandySullivanPT

2 years

Finishing touches on a new book ⁦w @ShakeyWaits ⁩ (Rob Gray). A Constraints-Led Approach To Baseball Coaching. Excited to see it all come together. Rob is brilliant. He’ll join us at The Baseball Skill Acquisition Summit Oct 22/23. Register at

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

Next week's Perception & Action Journal Club ( #4 ) will discuss this interesting review article. Come join us next Tuesday at noon.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

Why do we focus so much on understanding the control of movement in Ecological Dynamics? Seemingly (but actually not!) neglecting the higher-level, “more important” things our brain does like motivation, cognition, and social factors, so that it is "just" a theory of action.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

P&A Podcast #173 – Practice Design to Improve Emergent Decision Making

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

9 years

#ThisPsychMajor supervised psych majors who now work @ Intel, H-P, Google, Go Daddy and US Air Force

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

P&A Podcast # 319 – Instruction, Feedback and the Promotion of Self-Organization

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

4 years

A thread about my new paper that just came out today: Changes in Movement Coordination Associated with Skill Acquisition in Baseball Batting: Freezing/Freeing Degrees of Freedom & Functional Variability 1/10

Frontiers | Changes in Movement Coordination Associated With Skill Acquisition in Baseball Batting:...

How do baseball batters solve the problem of coordinating the timing of the different phases of movement to generate a powerful swing that is appropriately a...

www.frontiersin.org

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

Somehow my podcast episode on the Contraints-Led Approach has morphed into a 3-part series! (i) what are constraints?, (ii) dynamics theories, (iii) Evaluating CLA effectiveness.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

11 months

5th @ArmoryFlorida Baseball Skill Acquisition Summit getting ready to kick off to a full house. Will try to tweet a bit of the action today!

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

5 years

P&A Podcast #163 – The Constraints-Led Approach to Coaching IV: Why do we “Constrain”?

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

3 years

Fantastic discussion of direct perception (the roots of the ecological approach to skill) by Bill Warren! Information Is Where You Find It: Perception as an Ecologically Well-Posed Problem

Information Is Where You Find It: Perception as an Ecologically Well-Posed Problem - William H....

Texts on visual perception typically begin with the following premise: Vision is an ill-posed problem, and perception is underdetermined by the available inform...

journals.sagepub.com

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

7 years

NEW: Help support The Perception & Action Podcast and receive access to bonus materials including transcripts, slides, video and an older episode feed.

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

9 months

Distinguishing skill from technique in football

The current commentary adopts a skill acquisition science perspective on the distinction between skill and technique, two constructs often confused in football science and practice. It first positi...

www.tandfonline.com

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

2 years

P&A Podcast #421 – New Intro to Ecological Psychology Book, Julia Blau and Jeff Wagman

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Rob Gray ⚾️👁

@ShakeyWaits

6 years

INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOVEMENT VARIABILITY, SKILL ACQUISITION AND ADAPTABILITY

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