'Imperial violence only inspires Ukrainians to find ever more powerful, inventive, and irreverent ways of becoming Ukrainians.'
I wrote for
@TheAtlantic
on the ways in which Ukrainian literature has resisted Russian cultural imperialism.
Anyone who wants to understand what Russia has put Ukraine through over the last 8 years should read the new Ukrainian war literature. Some excellent works are available in English. Here are a few authors worth reading. 🧵 1/
Zelensky, standing at the monument in Kyiv to 19th c Dagestani anti-imperial leader Imam Shamil, appeals to ethnic minorities in Russia to resist the 'shameful' war. He tells them Russia has repressed them and forced them into poverty in order to make them into cannon fodder.
Russian bombs have damaged one of the most important buildings in Ukrainian literary history, the Slovo House in Kharkiv. It was built in the late 1920s to house the writers of Kharkiv, then the capital of Soviet Ukraine & the epicentre of a Ukrainian cultural renaissance 1/
Ukrainian footballer Viktoria Kotliarova was killed by Russian bombs on 29 December. She appeared in Alisa Kovalenko's documentary film Home Games, about her friend, a young footballer trying to make a career while caring for her siblings. It's on Netflix:
🕯🇺🇦 29 грудня у столиці внаслідок ворожого обстрілу рашистів разом з матір'ю Людмилою загинула колишня футболістка Вікторія Котлярова (Чорновіл).
Вікторія виступала за "Спартак" (Чернігів), "Атекс" (Київ), "Ятрань" (Умань). Їй було 27.
Вічна пам'ять.
#russiaisaterroriststate
Today is Taras Shevchenko's birthday. Two years ago, a Russian soldier shot his monument at Borodianka, near Kyiv. It's only one of many instances when oppressive Russian regimes have showed a violent fear of Shevchenko. Here's just a couple 1/5
Last week I had translations of two Ukrainian writers published:
Maik Yohansen, killed by Russia 1937
Victoria Amelina, killed by Russia 2023
My last message from Victoria was about a reference in her poem to another poet I've translated, Vasyl Stus, killed by Russia 1985. 1/4
Studying Ukrainian culture means studying 300+ years of Russian attempts to eradicate it, from Peter I's prohibitions to Putin's bombing of libraries. Yet that culture survives and thrives. No one who has studied Ukrainian literature is surprised by Ukrainian resilience today.
When Victoria Amelina spoke at
@UCLSSEES
in April, she'd just written a poem about her experiences talking to women and documenting Russian war crimes in de-occupied areas. Here's a video of her reading the original; my translation is below. So painful to listen to this now. 1/2
Three basic things I wish commentators would remember re: 'Russia's Victory Day':
1. The victory wasn't Russia's, but the Soviet Union's & its allies'. It was impossible without massive sacrifice from non-Russians, incl. Ukrainians. 'Soviet' & 'Russian' aren't interchangeable.
Zelensky visited memorials at Babyn Yar today, the 81st anniversary of the massacres.
The first memorial is the Soviet one, put up in 1976 after years of official refusals (but still with no mention of Jews).
The second, the menorah, is from 1991, after Ukrainian independence.
The 1947 Ukrainian translation of Animal Farm (the second ever, after the German), with a preface by Orwell, was made in a DP camp in Germany by Ihor Ševčenko, a renowned Byzantinist. Just the sort of thing your colleagues casually pull out of their bags at
@UCLSSEES
seminars!
Amid all the horror, the Art Museum in Kherson posting highlights of its collection feels like a quiet act of heroism. Here is ‘Tomatoes in a vase’, by Maria Prymachenko, Ukraine’s most famous folk artist. Her museum in Ivankiv was destroyed by the Russians.
В містечку Іванків (північ Київської обл.) російські окупанти знищили музей, в якому зберігалися роботи Марії Приймаченко.
Колекція Херсонського художнього має, на жаль, лише один твір мисткині.
🔹Марія Приймаченко. Декоративне панно «Помідори у вазі». Папір, гуаш, розпис
'Poem about a Crow' by Victoria Amelina, inspired by her work interviewing women who lived through occupation. She was writing a book on women's experiences of the war. Another Ukrainian book that will never be finished because of Russian bombs & bullets. 2/2
Looks like
@ucu
really covered itself in shame today, passing a motion full of excuses for Russian atrocities and calling for Ukrainians to be left defenceless - effectively, calling for more Ukrainian deaths.
Such profound ignorance among supposedly educated people.
A hideous scene from UCU Congress earlier today.
A Ukrainian victory would mean "subjugation and oppression" by "American imperialism".
"The main enemy is at home!"
The UCU backs the "Stop the War Coalition". It wants Ukraine to be left defenceless.
Foul.
First time in 🇺🇦 since 24/2/22. Struck by how calm, confident & focused people are when they talk about winning the war, as though it’s a big common project in which everyone, whether flying drones or writing poetry, knows their role.
Bells ringing over destroyed ru tanks, Kyiv👇
I have resigned from
@ucu
over the unions’s recently adopted, shameful motion on Ukraine. I can’t, in good conscience, stay in the union while this remains its official policy. Read the open letter from
@UCLSSEES
UCU members on this 👇
As
@UCU
members & ex-members from
@UCLSSEES
, the UK’s largest centre for the study of Ukraine, Eastern Europe & Russia, we condemn Congress Motion 5’s misrepresentation of the war & UCU’s reluctance to support Ukraine. Please read & share our open letter
@DrJoGrady
@UCL_UCU
The famous Odesa literary museum was damaged in Russian missile attacks last night. Central Odesa is a
@UNESCO
world heritage site, and Russia is regularly bombing it.
It was a pleasure to join the pro-Ukraine counter demo and ruin the stop the war appeasement circus in London today. We ran into a free Iran counter demo when we arrived at Trafalgar Sq. Solidarity in the face of tyranny and hypocrisy.
"I don’t want a better city. I want what I had. The city where I knew exactly how many steps to the sea and how many trees in the park’s central alley there were."
Powerful stories from Mariupol collected by
@kasia_ia
@t_bezruk
&
@OlenaIvantsiv
@nytimes
Perhaps the signatories of this ‘anti-war’ letter should go to Kyiv and explain to people running from missiles and drones that they really shouldn’t be allowed to have their air defence systems. Sad to see a
@UCL_UCU
signatory here.
So, last night, while the Ukrainian voice of Paddington bear was leading his country in a war against Russia, the British voice of Paddington was reading Shevchenko's poetry beautifully in London.
"I fly with my heart in my dreaming
To a dark orchard in far Ukraina"
Actor Ben Whishaw performs "N.N." by Taras Shevchenko, translated by Vera Rich
#Newsnight
@southbankcentre
When Victoria Amelina spoke at
@UCLSSEES
in April, she'd just written a poem about her experiences talking to women and documenting Russian war crimes in de-occupied areas. Here's a video of her reading the original; my translation is below. So painful to listen to this now. 1/2
The world is with Ukraine.
It took me MUCH longer than I thought to make this thread, there have been so many protests all around the world, and I have definitely missed many out🧵
London 🇬🇧
We must not lose sight of the sheer horror that is russian occupation. This is why Ukrainians are fighting so hard, why they need our support, and why talk of compromising on territory (read: abandoning people to russian terror) is unacceptable.
Over 300 residents would be forced down these stairs - no possessions, medicines or food - and not see daylight for 27 days. The youngest was just over one month old. The oldest was 93. Seven would be executed by soldiers. Ten would die due to the conditions in the basement.
Kyiv coughed asthmatically.
Through the metro’s drafts
the electric trains fearfully rattled,
as a dozen layers of ground,
white from human bones,
horses’ skulls,
and grey ash of funeral pyres,
rippled like the skin
on an angry bull’s neck.
Vasyl Stus, born OTD, 1938
I’ve been writing about Ukrainian literature for 15+ years. It's full of surprises, but I never expected to be writing about war literature. I wish it hadn't had to appear, but it represents one of the most important developments in recent European literature. Read it! (end)
I was at a discussion recently that touched on, among other things, mass sexual violence committed by the Russian army and the mass kidnap of children; one of the first questions from a man in the audience was 'what about western russophobia and western imperialism?'.
Russia: kidnapping Ukrainian orphans, making them Russian citizens so nobody can find them
Guy in the audience: aren’t you forgetting about NATO expansion though hmmm?
Volodymyr Rafeyenko's story ‘7 Dillweeds’ transl. Marci Shore, explores the grotesque absurdity of the war: He switched from Rus to Ukr in his novel Mondegreen (transl Mark Andryczyk), about internal exile/language/identity: 2/
2. Soviet involvement in WWII was not initially about self-defence: in collaboration with the Nazis, the USSR attacked Poland in 1939 in the same brutal way it is attacking Ukraine now. So it was not, as a prominent BBC correspondent said recently, 'completely different'.
The choice facing
@ucu
members today who believe Ukrainians have a right not to be murdered by Russia: stay in the union and spend enormous amounts of energy and time fighting far-left idiocy, or leave the union and be unrepresented and unprotected. Thanks
@ucu
!
Journalists are doing a great job on Ukraine. But, please, remember that asking a Ukrainian 'so is Putin right that Ukraine is part of Russia?' or 'are Ukrainians & Russians actually different?' is offensive. I know why you ask, it's important to debunk myths, but be sensitive.
“we must wake up from the slumber of inaction: this war is existential not only for Ukrainians; it is existential for those of us who want to live in a world governed not by brutal force, but by the rule of law.”
@OKhromeychuk
in
@guardian
.
Chilling report on Russification policies in occupied Ukraine: kidnappings and intimidation of educators, confiscation of textbooks, repression of Ukrainian language, enforcement of Russian state curriculum
"The world is learning the names of Ukrainian writers from their obituaries. And that is no way to discover a country’s literature."
@OKhromeychuk
on Victoria Amelina
Thoughts are with Victoria Amelina and her family today. She has worked tirelessly to uncover the truth of Russian atrocities in occupied areas, but also to bring literature to frontline towns. Russia has only one response to truth and culture, it seems.
Deeply disturbing
@BBCPanorama
documentary following the stories of some of the many, many Ukrainian children Russia has kidnapped. One baby was stolen by a senior politician close to Putin. Thank you,
@BBC_Olga_M
, for your work on this.
Ukrainian anthem at huge protest at russian embassy in London today. I noticed flags of 🇵🇱 🇪🇪 🇱🇹 🇱🇻 🇬🇪 Ichkeria, free Belarus and free Iran. Слава Україні!
3. The term 'Great Patriotic War 1941-45' is, given the above, a myth that obscures aggression & atrocity; if we use it without qualification (when we report on Russia in the media or teach its history at university) we acquiesce with the obfuscation.
Ivan Dziuba, a literary scholar & activist, died today at 91. He was a native of Donetsk region, Holodomor survivor & one of Ukraine's most important dissidents. His work is very relevant today. 1/6
As a tribute to Ukrainian writer and poet Victoria Amelina, killed by a Russian missile in Kramatorsk, please read and circulate her work far and wide. In this thread, I will collect links to some of her writings translated into English ✍️
Compromise with Russia over Ukraine’s territory will not be peace, it will be occupation, which is just another form of war. - Oleksandra Matviichuk
@avalaina
speaking
@Ukr_Institute
/
@theRSAorg
tonight.
Olena Stiazhkina is also from Donetsk. Her In God’s Language is a powerful novella about occupied Donetsk (my translation for
@apofenie
, originally
@Dalkey_Archive
, of an excerpt👇). She has several works on the war already 3/
It always amazes me how western scholars write books & articles about Ukrainian history, politics, etc. without a single Ukrainian-language source. Can you imagine a book on English history without any sources in English?
Ukrainian language in ever western university, please!
“Ukrainian art has long been hidden, always having been renamed as something else.” A fascinating essay on Ukrainian art under colonial oppression by my
@IWM_Vienna
colleague Kateryna Iakovlenko
@kasia_ia
@apofenie
Watching writers you’ve translated pull bullets out of their bulletproof jackets after battle… Oleh Sentsov was injured once again in the frontline; he is okay and continues to take territory back from the occupiers.
This cynical habit of passing off violence and corruption as a unique and mysterious culture that cannot be comprehended by simpleminded foreigners is one of the most destructive aspects of Russian culture. It needs to be challenged from within and without.
In the Kremlin this week I asked Vladimir Putin’s celebrity supporters about the election. Responses ranged from “We see the happy Russia” to “We don’t like you.” Producer
@LIzaShuvalova
Library of the National Literary Museum, Kyiv, formerly the Pavlo Galagan Collegium, a Ukrainian school set up to resist intensified russification in the late 19th c. Many of the museum’s valuable books have been removed from display to protect them from Russian bombs.
The lines of poetry over the window were particularly provocative for the authorities:
“I will raise them up, those slaves so small and voiceless, and place the Word to guard them.”
Which perfectly sums up what Shevchenko means for Ukrainians. Image: Alla Horska, 1962. 5/5
Stanislav Aseyev has written searing accounts of time spent in ‘separatist’ prisons in Donbas. See In Isolation, trans. Lidia Wolanskyj
@HURI_Harvard
, & an excerpt from another book here transl. by Nina Murray &
@TsurkanKate
8/
“Years of impunity in Syria and elsewhere led Putin to commit the war crimes we see in Ukraine today, which shows that without justice there can be no lasting peace.” Oleksandra Matviychuk
@avalaina
speaking to
@OKhromeychuk
at
@Ukr_Institute
tonight.
Congratulations to
@BlackerUilleam
on receiving a
@BritishAcademy_
Mid-Career Fellowship for the project 'Mapping Ukraine’s Multicultural Literary Landscape':
The anthology Words for War, ed. Oksana Maksymchuk & Max Rosochinsky, collects a range of contemporary poets in excellent translations (some also appeared in
@MPTmagazine
). My translations of Vasyl Makhno's work are here
@ASP_Boston
4/
After his death in Petersburg, Shevchenko was reburied in Ukraine. The authorities feared his grave at Kaniv could become the focus for revolt. His monument was guarded by soldiers on the anniversaries of his birth/death to stop gatherings (here it's 1914, his centenary). 2/5
PEN America mourns the death of prize-winning Ukrainian author and
@PenUkraine
member Victoria Amelina who was struck by a Russian missile in Kramatorsk on Tuesday and died on July 1.
#VictoriaAmelina
#RIP
It was meant to provide modern, spacious conditions for writers and foster a creative community. It is one of many impressive modernist buildings in Kharkiv. It was designed in the shape of a Cyrillic letter 'C' for 'слово' - 'word'. 2/
Artem Chekh’s Absolute Zero, transl.
@OlenaJennings
& Oksana Lutsyshyna, is one of the best of many soldiers’ memoirs published since 2014. A sensitive account that avoids macho heroics and reflects the banality of war. See
@_jamesmeek
's review in
@LRB
6/
Natalia Vorozhbyt’s play Bad Roads was brilliantly transl. by
@SashaDugdale
& staged at
@royalcourt
Theatre, which also published the play. It’s now a major film. A fragmented, disturbing, powerful exploration of life on the frontline. 5/
In 1964, artist Alla Horska designed a stained glass window at Shevchenko University (opp. the monument) for his 150th anniversary. It was deemed too defiant. Seeing the crowds it had attracted on its unveiling, the rector pre-empted official orders and smashed it himself. 4/5
The soviets knew Shevchenko was too big to erase from Ukrainian culture, so they distorted his image, ignoring his anti-Russian-imperialism. But soviet Shevchenko monuments, like the one in Kyiv, just became focal points for dissidents and had to be monitored by the KGB. 3/5
One of Taras Shevchenko's most famous lines is "Борітеся – поборете!"/"Fight and you'll prevail!" (famously recited on Maidan by murdered protester Serhii Nihoyan). The line, from "The Caucasus" (1845), was originally addressed to Muslim peoples resisting Russian imperialism. 1/
Russian troops destroyed one of the biggest Universities in Kharkiv with missile strike. Future school teachers were studying here. Russia with manic barbarity is razing educational institutions to the ground.
One of Taras Shevchenko's most famous lines is "Борітеся – поборете!"/"Fight and you'll prevail!" (famously recited on Maidan by murdered protester Serhii Nihoyan). The line, from "The Caucasus" (1845), was originally addressed to Muslim peoples resisting Russian imperialism. 1/
Сергій Нігоян читає Тараса Шевченка.
Сергій Нігоян – українець вірменського походження, учасник Революції Гідності, один з охоронців Євромайдану, Герой України, Герой Небесної Сотні. Загинув 22 січня 2014 року.
Finally got round to making my own website with all my translations and articles in one place. If you're interested in my takes on Ukrainian literature, cultural memory and more, or in reading some amazing Ukrainian authors in English, please take a look!
@OKhromeychuk
's memoir of losing her brother in the war is another that challenges militarisation and explores the civilian side of war with sensitivity and sharp analysis (written originally in English).
@ibidem11
Excerpt here 7/
Ukraine's displaced people are tireless ambassadors for their country in every corner of the globe. Completely randomly ran into these people, many of them displaced students, raising awareness about Russian crimes, including Kakhovka, in Kyoto this weekend.
@AKurkov
’s Grey Bees, transl.
@BorisDralyuk
, is a brilliant, nuanced journey through the ‘grey zones’ of the war. Amid the black and white propaganda, he shows the uncertainty, confusion and ambiguities of life in this landscape. I reviewed it in
@TheTLS
Happy 130th birthday to the immense Ukrainian avant-garde poet Mykhail Semenko! He was a brilliant observer of the city and led a wave of new Ukrainian urban writing in the 1910s/20s/30s. He wrote several poems under the simple title 'City'. Here's my translation of one:
Today is the birthday of futurist poet, creator of "Nova Generatsya" ('New Generation') magazine – Mykhailo Semenko (1892-1937). Like many Ukrainian artists and writers, he was killed by the Soviets.
Portrait of Semenko, made by Heorhyi Dybynskyi (1900-1935)
Absolutely thrilled (and a little bit shocked) to have been invited to be a judge for the International Booker Prize. It's an honour to be in such amazing company!
#InternationalBooker2023
Highly recommended reading:
@BorisDralyuk
on decolonising Russian culture, Russian-language culture in Ukraine, the problem of collective Russian guilt & more. Eloquent and powerful answers to the thorniest of questions.
Serhii Zhadan’s Orphanage, tr. Reilly Costigan-Humes and Isaac Stackhouse Wheeler, is one of the best novels about the current war - a tense odyssey through a collapsing, occupied city.
@YaleBooks
9/
There are brave activists like Memorial in Russia, but they are a tiny, marginal minority. Putin rules not only with repressions, but through a special social contract based on ‘Russian glory’, which has broad support.
@avalaina
speaking
@theRSAorg
@Ukr_Institute
Some in
@ucu
think 'solidarity' means undermining support for people being subjected to horrific atrocities on a daily basis.
@uculeft
retweeted the graphic below twice today. Pitting victims of war against striking workers is the opposite of solidarity. I hope
@ucu
disowns this.
Writers of diverse backgrounds worked here in multiple languages (Ukrainian, Russian, Yiddish), incl. some of first Jewish writers to write in Ukrainian (Leonid Pervomais'kyi). Here's one of Slovo resident Leib Kvitko's Yiddish children's books (illustr. Issachar Ber Ryback) 4/
I was reading not long ago about Ukrainian poets in the 1930s, at the peak of Stalinism, sleeping fully dressed for fear of night-time arrests. And here we are in 2024, Crimean Tatar activists doing the same thing.
Just a few days ago, this article by Crimean Tatar activist and journalist Lutfiye Zudiyeva was published, and today Russian police indeed knocked on her door and detained her:
"I live in Crimea. I go to bed fully dressed expecting armed men at dawn"
Europe shouldn’t be asking whether Ukraine can survive, but rather whether Europe can survive if Ukraine falls: we still don’t understand that this is our war.
@OKhromeychuk
speaking
@frontlineclub
tonight
It was a place of real creative energy. Residents included writers like Mykola Bazhan, Maik Yohansen, Pavlo Tychyna, Natalia Zabila, Mykola Kulish; actors/directors like Natalia Uzhviy, Les' Kurbas; artists like Vadym Meller, Anatol' Petryts'kyi (his portrait of M Semenko👇): 3/
We spend so much time debunking Russia's ridiculous historical myths about Ukraine that we miss the main point, says
@OKhromeychuk
: even if Ukraine fell from the sky in 1991, no one has the right to violate its borders. 3/3
Two great books in English on culture in 1920s Ukraine/Kharkiv:
Mayhill Fowler, Beau Monde on Empire's Edge: State and Stage in Soviet Ukraine
Olena Palko, Making Ukraine Soviet: literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin
In Ukrainian, see Yaryna Tsymbal's work. END
Many important cultural figures who lived here were shot in the 1930s. Many, like Maik Yohansen (writer, theorist, linguist), were accused of being nationalist terrorists (sound familiar?). Their true 'crime' was believing in political and cultural autonomy for Ukraine. 6/
An excerpt from my forthcoming translation of Maik Yohansen's brilliantly eccentric avant-garde landscape novel on
@StatORec
. You can pre-order from
@HURI_Harvard
here 2/4
Hundreds of people standing in complete silence for Halyna Kruk’s chilling and moving war poems, people queuing up the stairs to the venue to get in. Poetry means a lot at the Lviv Book Forum.
What we should NOT do now is start discussing whether those imperialist pseudo-historical ravings are based even loosely in fact. Don't let the Kremlin distract us with tedious, tendentious history; don't let it dictate the conversation. Focus on Russia's ongoing crimes.
Slovo later is now quite a run-down residential building (complete with creepy playground), but in the last few years, thanks to the efforts of the amazing Kharkiv Literature Museum, it came back into use as a writers' residence. It was also given conservation status. 7/
If we think annexed territories are somehow rightfully Russian because they spoke Russian, let’s remember that when 🇺🇦army retakes territory from 🇷🇺they find mass graves full of murdered Russophone people.
@OKhromeychuk
speaking
@LSEEI
now.
#lseukraine
There are questions to be answered in Ukraine around some issues raised here, but this is more of an illustration of how being a Russia expert not only doesn't qualify you to speak on Ukraine, but can make you less credible, because you are susceptible to Ru myths about UA. 1/3
Despite its current self-image as a brave defender of the West’s freedom against Russia’s imperialist aggression, Ukraine has in fact made little progress in consolidating democratic rule since it gained independence in 1991, writes Thomas Graham.