Mounir Karadja @mkaradja Twitter profile

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

🚨My paper with @erikprawitz on the political effects of mass emigration is out in @JPolEcon !🚨 What happened when 25 percent of Swedes emigrated to the US in the 19th century? Short answer: It boosted labor unions and left-wing parties in Sweden. Long answer: Thread!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

I got tenure! Never expected even to get a PhD, let alone work in academia. I've worked hard but this career is so strange it couldn't have happened without many lucky breaks.

Erik Öberg

@ek_oberg

2 years

The senior faculty at @EconomicsUU has voted in favor of granting my colleague @mkaradja tenure. A no-brainer decision. Nevertheless, I’m very happy about it. To see why, let me introduce some of Mounir’s work.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

We are organizing a workshop in economic history in beautiful Uppsala on May 25-26, 2023, with @joachim_voth as keynote speaker! Submit your paper here! Link to call for papers:

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

It is with great sadness that I report that I just created a file called final2.dta

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Replication should be a bigger thing in theoretical economics. From the latest AER issue:

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Today, I'm happy to announce that I've contributed to QJE's class-leading response times by getting desk rejected in 24 h.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 months

A first year PhD student just asked me what year I'm in 🥰

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 months

New paper out! Cities and the Rise of Working Women, with @bergerthor and @erik_prawitz . We show that women who moved to the very largest cities during industrialization saw substantial increases in employment and intergenerational mobility. Thread below with much more!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

Our paper is the first study of this super important and overlooked question.* *(Except this one study in footnote 6)

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 months

Announcing the second Workshop in Economic History organized in beautiful Uppsala on May 23-24, 2024 with @JeanetBentzen as keynote speaker! Last year was a blast with tons of interesting papers. Apply by Feb 29! Call for papers:

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

1 year

Great lineup for the Uppsala Workshop in Economic History, starting today!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

You know that stores post prices like $3.99 just to increase sales. New research shows the same thing happens even when stakes are really high. Posting an apartment at a slightly higher, but round, number lowers its sale price by 3-5 percent.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

1 year

Reminder to send in your paper for our economic history workshop in Uppsala, May 25-26, with @joachim_voth as keynote. It will be a blast! Deadline is Jan 31, submit your paper via

Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

We are organizing a workshop in economic history in beautiful Uppsala on May 25-26, 2023, with @joachim_voth as keynote speaker! Submit your paper here! Link to call for papers:

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 months

Interestingly, the increase in employment large cities is matched almost one-to-one by decreases in marriage and childbearing. This appears permanent and not due to temporary delays. Also replicates in the US!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

But it is still cool that among OECD countries *today*, those that had more US emigration tend to have a greater union density.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

We named our second son Omar. We love the name, but it wasn't an easy choice given how "foreign" it sounds. I hope he will always love his name and be proud of it, but just in case I'll remember this for a future motivational speech.

Jhacova Williams

@jhacova

5 years

My name is my name. As someone who wanted a normal name growing up I'm so happy my dad wanted all of his children to have black names. He would always say why shouldn't you be proud that you're black and have people recognize it with your name. They'll learn how to pronounce it😝

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Post script: we are very lucky to have gotten accepted at the JPE. The process was tough (5 referees) but fair and fast. We were taken seriously despite being junior and at relatively small institutions. The editor will always have a place in our hearts 😍😅

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 years

Uppsala's new Immigration and Urban Labs are hiring up to three 2-year post-docs! A great chance to conduct your own research in a collaborative environment.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

For the second time ever, I moved a folder containing a research project from my main work space and into another folder named "Done". 🙏🙏🙏

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Did not expect that the most fun I would have at work this year is reading up on Swedish 19th century labor relations, but here I am checking out 10 books in order to give a 10 minute discussion on a paper at a workshop.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

Today, I (a university researcher) discovered that the CV I have had on my website for about 6 years has a typo for "university".

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Can I do a quick and unhumble brag about my junior colleagues at Uppsala econ? We've been killing it this past year, with recent pubs and R&R:s in the AER, JPE, ReStud, ReStat, AEJ Applied, EJ, JET, JOLE, and PNAS (and I may have missed some). Go team!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Little caveat: some of you (like me) won't have so many interviews that you need to use pro techniques to manage your schedule, and that's ok!

Jennifer Doleac

@jenniferdoleac

6 years

My #1 piece of advice for job market candidates: Order room service for breakfast. It’s worth the extra $ to skip the super long Sbux line (& associated stress) in the a.m. Place your order the night before. Trust me. #ASSA2019 Good luck & have fun!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

Words that I hate but will absolutely use in heartbeat: rich, novel, unique, exploit, leverage, universe

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Congrats @erik_prawitz for winning the @EconHistAssoc best dissertation award ! !

EHA

@EconHistAssoc

6 years

Announcing #eha2018 prize winners: Gerschenkron prize goes to Erik Prawitz, Nevins prize to Gillian Brunet...

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 years

Worst part of Swedish culture: everything is tacit. Suddenly, you break an important rule. And then people ask why you broke the unspoken rule.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

Update: We got our reply, on the eve of Christmas Eve: paper accepted! 🎄🎄🎄

Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

Anyone else hoping for journal replies before Christmas?

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Didn't read the classic Swedish emigration novels by Vilhelm Moberg for my emigration papers with @erik_prawitz . So as we're starting out research on Stockholm in the late 19th century, a colleague has dropped a subtle hint that I need to step up my fiction game.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

8 months

Självskadebeteendet att söka VR. Nu senast två ansökningar inom migration och integration som får avslag, och ingen nationalekonom alls bland de antagna. Är nu uppe i 11 avslag från VR.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

So *why* would emigration have these effects? This is hard to pin down, but we like Hovde's suggestion: "Labor threatened to be drained away, wages for those who remained tended to rise, and labor was placed in a strong bargaining position."

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

In other words, people who were connected to the US had good outside options. They could easily move and find a better paying job. It thus made sense to organize and channel that bargaining power into real results at home, even without moving.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Now, a basic sanity check: if we instead measure frost during the non-growing season (when nothing grows anyway), there is no relationship with emigration.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

1 year

Immigrants are overrepresented in occupations such as taxi driving. With @antonsundberg , I study how monthly incomes evolve before and after getting access to the Swedish taxi market, as measured by whether individuals pass the required written taxi license exams.

Department of Economics, Uppsala

@EconomicsUU

1 year

The latest Migration Facts from Uppsala Immigration Lab illustrates how passing the written exams for a taxi driver's license affects monthly incomes for immigrants and natives in Sweden. See thread ⬇️ The infograph is based on research by @mkaradja and @antonsundberg

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Here's Erik's actual handle: @erik_prawitz And a link to the paper seems appropriate as well:

Exit, Voice and Political Change: Evidence from Swedish Mass Migration to the United States

We study the political effects of mass emigration to the United States in the nineteenth century using data from Sweden. To instrument for total emigration over several decades, we exploit severe...

osf.io

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

Whoa. I thought Downs (1957) was only about the median voter, but he also discusses polarization and its pretty grim.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Here's the main result in a graph: the instrument not only predicts more emigration (blue line) but also higher labor organization rates 1900-1920 (red line). Assuming the exclusion restriction, emigration thus caused the labor movement to grow.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

1 year

Är det 10% arbetslöshet hos Örebro universitets alumner?

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Some background: Swedes began emigrating in large numbers in the 1860s after a famine that was partly caused by frost destroying crops. Photo below is from a ship leaving Gothenburg around 1900.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Here's the basic first-stage result: higher values of frost and port proximity predict more emigration 1867-1920. That is emigration over five decades!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

My kid just turned "are we there yet" years old.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

The paper is "Mass Migration and Technological Change", accepted by @JEEA_News . Co-authored with David Andersson and @erik_prawitz .

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Could Google Scholar do me a favor and misattribute 20228 citations to my profile too? Thx

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

To predict emigration we use an instrument, namely the interaction between unexpected frost 1864-1867 and proximity to an emigration port. The idea is simple: if times are (surprisingly) rough, you will be more likely to emigrate if you are also close to a port.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

This is a good thing, right? If 10 journals can't be ruled out to belong to the top 5, that means quality is really high in all of them. Should help break the narrow focus on traditional top 5.

Robert Dur

@DurRobert

2 years

Large statistical uncertainty in the ranking of economics journals: 🔹"10 of the 30 journals cannot be rejected to be among the top-five journals and 🔹only one, the QJE, can be rejected to be among the worst 25" by Magne Mogstad et al (2022), AEA P&P

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Anyway, to measure frost exposure, we match the 2400 historical municipalities to 32 weather stations across Sweden and Norway and check how often the *minimum* *daily* temperature went below 0 in a given month.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

Co-author @erik_prawitz getting high praise on his dissertation from faculty opponent Davide Cantoni.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

When someone says "why is this economics?" I tend to feel really sorry for the person. Like, they have clearly gotten a terrible education if they think econ is only about things measured in dollars. Bonus pity if they only care about rich countries.

Pamela Jakiela

@PJakiela

5 years

@J_C_Suarez [8] As editors and referees, stop saying “that is not economics” about methodological approaches you don’t like; if you have an underlying substantive critique of a method, explain it. Be clear whether you are critiquing a method writ large or a paper’s specific way of using it.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 months

One week left to submit papers for the Workshop in Economic History in Uppsala with @JeanetBentzen as keynote speaker! Consider applying and help spread the word!

Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 months

Announcing the second Workshop in Economic History organized in beautiful Uppsala on May 23-24, 2024 with @JeanetBentzen as keynote speaker! Last year was a blast with tons of interesting papers. Apply by Feb 29! Call for papers:

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Here's a timeline of emigration flows by year. The spike in the late 60s is pretty striking.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Sweden was still a very poor, agricultural country in the 1860s and the US was seen as a golden opportunity to make a better life. Not unlike how many migrants think today.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Once people started moving, friends and family followed along. This chain migration meant that places that were exposed to frost in the 1860s would have higher emigration rates for decades to come.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

At first intl conference, nervous, I didn't pronounce first "M" in "Age of Mass Migration". That no one even laughed somehow made it worse.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Shortest 9-hour flight ever.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Tired: worrying that you're becoming just like your parents. Wired: worrying that you're becoming just like your thesis advisor.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Baby sleeping, I'm eating fruit salad, watching TV, checking email, paper conditionally accepted. It is a fine Friday night.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

Great thread on women in Morocco, aligns well with my experiences in Algeria.

Alice Evans

@_alice_evans

2 years

Morocco is caught in the Patrilineal Trap Low job growth means female wages are too low to compensate for the loss of male honour, so most stay at home. Sexual harassment exacerbates families’ concerns for girls’ safety, motivating tight policing. Insights from my travels👇

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

Workstation this morning (someone decided to swallow a coin)

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Elites also appear to have changed policies to favor ordinary citizens. Expenditures on poverty relief are greater in places with more emigration, and institutions are more inclusive.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

In the words of Hovde (1934): "[With emigration] it became possible to build up very effective organizations capable of enforcing respect for higher demands in the matters of wages, hours, conditions of work and living....

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Writing recommendation letters can be a chore, but I love the feeling of getting really excited about how impressive a student's record is. (Definitely subtweeting a couple of students here)

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Finally, how generalizable are these results? Context will likely matter a lot. Sweden already had fairly inclusive institutions. Maybe elites elsewhere would have cracked down hard instead of allowing labor to organize.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

Why I'm more interested in political economics than economics-economics.

Noah Smith 🐇🇺🇸🇺🇦

@Noahpinion

7 years

1/A few people have noticed me tweeting a lot more about racial/cultural issues in the last two years, and less about the nuts and bolts of economics. Well, let me explain why.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Those are some pretty specific data to have for the 1860s, and are one of the many ways that we got lucky when putting together all the data sources for this paper.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Emigration may, therefore, confidently be viewed as one of the reasons for the growing radicalism of the Scandinavian labor movement."

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

Swedish gov often "goes ahead of citizens" to shape their preferences. But backlash can happen: reserving one month parental leave to fathers increased divorce in traditional couples, says brilliant work by Uppsala colleague @arzo_karimi and Daniel Avdic

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

We study several other outcomes. Emigration increased (1) strike participation in the 1909 general strike, (2) voter turnout in national elections, (3) support for left-wing parties in those elections. This represents a broad mobilization of workers.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Coincidentally, this period is when the Swedish labor movement began and grew very influential. More than ten percent of adults were members of either a union or the Social Democrats by 1920.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Taking a 5 hour train ride with kids tomorrow. We've downloaded two fun and noisy apps for them. What's the etiquette, full volume and no headphones for the kids, right?

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

Hanging out with this guy full-time from today til August. On a related note, ever grateful for supportive and slack-up-picking co-authors!

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

This is so nice, agree wholeheartedly. My case would add a crucial earlier step: Studies: go to doctoral program with kind people.

Prof Dynarski

@dynarski

8 years

(My) key to professional success: kind people. Early career: find job w/kind people. Later: help, hire & collaborate w/kind people.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

I will steal this format in 6 years when my next working paper comes out

Sirus Dehdari

@sirdeh

3 years

Here is the thread

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

Only slightly more cumbersome than LaTex.

Fermat's Library

@fermatslibrary

7 years

In the pre-LaTeX era, it was common for papers to be published with hand written formulas. Here is a page from Feynman's PhD thesis (1942)

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

A typical writing day entails no writing.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

A+ slides by my student presenting a twin study design.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Very glad to be living in Europe (or in denial)

Nicholas A. Christakis

@NAChristakis

6 years

I tell my graduate students and post-docs that if they’re working 60 hours per week, they’re working less than the full professors, and less than their peers.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

(This also has some technical benefits for identification, since we can control for frost by itself in our regressions. The instrument is only the interaction effect.)

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Inspired by everyone's love for @HemingwayApp , I am *gleefully* cutting through my co-author's job market paper to prepare for submission. What a joy to zap away the extra fluff one feels compelled to use. Who would've thought it's so much easier to kill someone else's darlings?

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

Still a few days left to submit a paper for the Uppsala Immigration Lab Workshop on May 26-27. Keynote address by Vicky Fouka! Call for papers here:

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 months

Using new US census links by @kasey_buckles et al, we find that this pattern replicates in the US as well! This is very cool as we ran this long after writing up Swedish results.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

We have two papers arguing that mass emigration from Sweden did just this: increased worker power, unionization, and technological change.

Mass Migration and Technological Change

This paper studies the effect of emigration on technological change in sending locations after one of the largest migration events in human history, the mass migration from Europe to the United...

osf.io

Noah Smith 🐇🇺🇸🇺🇦

@Noahpinion

3 years

Workers gain more power --> wages go up --> companies invest in more labor-saving technology --> productivity goes up --> consumers get cheaper services and wages stay high If this is how things actually work, this is a VERY virtuous cycle.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

Some context on the current protests in Algeria. Algeria is an interesting country. Since independence from France in 1962, it has been ruled by the same party, the National Liberation Front, and has not been able to liberate itself from it yet.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

Oh, the joy of having people from work e-mail you in English even though you're Swedish and have met and talked to the person sending the e-mail.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

My only published paper breaks my two rules for paper titles: 1) don't try to be witty and 2) don't ask a question

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 months

We first use census data from Sweden, US, and UK around 1910 to show that female labor force participation (FLFP) increases sharply in the most populous regions of each country.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

1 year

@JavierMejiaC on elite network structure and entrepreneurship during industrialization.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 years

This is such a cool paper.

Sirus Dehdari

@sirdeh

4 years

With less than two weeks to my second child's due date, I give you a short tread about my new discussion paper, "Workplace Contact and Support for Anti-Immigration Parties" co-authored with Henrik Andersson. (1/N)

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

(We discuss many other possibilities in the paper!)

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

2 years

Not least that my post-doc was turned to a tenure track position, and having positive journal decisions come in just in time for sending the package.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 years

Fabulous post explaining why it is better to suppress the virus instead of mitigating its effects. Sweden is still focusing on mitigation, I wonder how long that will last.

Jason Furman

@jasonfurman

4 years

This is the best piece I've read on the epidemiology of the pandemic, including a stab at what a cost-benefit analysis might look like towards the end, filling in the numbers on that will become important as we get past the current phase of our response.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

Anyone else hoping for journal replies before Christmas?

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

All you econ normies who do labor economics, check out the EALE conference which is going to be in Uppsala this year! Deadline for submitting papers is January 31st.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 years

Great news and ad for doing economics in Sweden!

Johannes Haushofer

@jhaushofer

4 years

Here's a 2007 email from my neuro PhD advisor Nancy Kanwisher, in which she lays out my life trajectory: econ PhD with Ernst Fehr, economics job in Sweden. Now it's happening: I'll move to @SU_Economics ! And: we're hiring TWO Assistant Profs! Here's why you should come here: 1/n

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

7 years

Internet connection caused a yuuuge jump in employment in Africa - The Economist covers awesome research by Uppsala colleague @PoulsenKJonas and @HjortJ

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

4 months

Lastly, we link individuals to the Swedish “Death Books” to study mortality. Strikingly, female migrants to Stockholm (the largest city in Sweden) show no negative effect on lifespan. By contrast, male migrants die about 2 years younger than their brothers who migrate elsewhere.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

5 years

At a workshop today in the Elinor Ostrom room at Uppsala's political science department.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

6 years

A type 1 error is asking your baby "What does the cat say? What about the dog? Cow? Pig? Monkey?" until whatever random noise the baby makes vaguely matches up, and declaring success.

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Mounir Karadja

@mkaradja

3 years

Had a pre-tenure checkup today and now the universe is sending me messages