Okay, I've *finally* sent out a newsletter.
I'm trying out Substack. Let's see if it works.
In this one:
- Personal updates
- A theory of 3 constraints in tech services
- Medi-Cal friction mapping
I'm an engineer at heart, which means my eyes are rarely pointed up towards the clouds. I'm usually looking down at the pothole in front of me.
But in my biggest, broadest vision, 5-10 years from now, building tech for the State of California would carry the prestige of Google.
WHOA!
NYC reports it has almost completely eliminated its (VERY LARGE) backlog for SNAP (food stamps) and cash aid!
And they did it by... reducing administrative burden! Namely, they are waiving the 6-month report!!
If I were Hertz—or trying to learn from their experience—I'd take away a few lessons:
1. Build (don't buy) digital capabilities if you can
2. If not, at least build a product ownership capability
3. Insist on phased delivery: really-deployed websites used by real end users
...
Okay I'm going to go on a bit of a rant about complexity in public policy. Working on SNAP (food stamps) for a number of years now I've seen just how complex this program is, but also how that complexity creates significant costs to the people whose lives it seeks to improve.
Hertz saw they did not have the internal capabilities in tech and digital experience, so they went to a vendor.
But they also made that vendor the "product owner". Seems like a pretty critical misstep.
If you build ONE internal capability, product ownership is a good one.
I will confess that I get frustrated when I hear complaints about potential bias in AI algorithms in a domain where no one has measured the systemic bias baseline actively harming people today. We can have more productive conversations on these things.
This is another good point: people constantly complain about large govt IT projects that go in this way, but my experience is that this is really about "large and long-lived organizations" across sectors.
Govt just happens to be at scale and long-lived.
Here's what I want:
I want our elected officials — each of them — to do an online screenshare where they go through the process of applying for the public benefits they're recommending people go to.
Too many are linking people to incredibly-heavy (if not locked) front doors.
Hrm, okay, yeah I don't know what to say here.
If Accenture built a smartphone-responsive and desktop-responsive site, then wanted hundreds of thousands more dollars for a TABLET-responsive layout, "world class" may not the best label for their capabilities.
With the
#earthquake
, maybe now is a good time to talk about soft story buildings—you know, the ones that have a tendency to... fall in on their first floor in an earthquake?
The bigger Bay Area cities required these to be retrofitted.
But MANY cities have NOT! Let's look...
This right here my friends. If you're worried you can't hire top talent, think more deeply about what that means about the scope of work you'd be giving them in a "digital transformation" project.
What would it feel like to leave your vim terminal for the night knowing that someone in Salinas was going home not dehydrated for the first time in a while because of code you shipped? This is the actual, tangible impact of public sector technology.
I want to think out loud a little bit about a concept that has been stuck in my head for the past few months:
"Rationing by friction"
the (sometimes unintentional, sometimes malicious) phenomenon of restricting access to govt services by way of process & paperwork requirements
A bit of personal news: in May, I joined the Dept of Labor's new Office of UI Modernization, supporting efforts on technology modernization and customer experience in the unemployment insurance system.
(This remains a personal account; views here remain my own.)
Weekend experimentation:
Maps on Kindle Paperwhite v0.01
(Goal: ditch the smartphone, but keep map capabilities when wandering a city)
Tiles = Stamen Toner
cc
@michalmigurski
@burritojustice
What's an alternative Hertz could have chosen?
A phased approach, slowly changing over parts of the customer experience and getting feedback as they went.
Start with the simplest transactions, and for users not doing those, just send them to the (still live) old system.
"I work on Google Maps. I'm on the computer vision side, parsing street view for structured information like restaurant signs, density, yada yada. You?"
"I'm in eng at the Child Welfare Digital Service, right now focused on an onboarding overhaul for foster parents"
"Holy crap"
A friend just sent me a note that payday loans have *early* payment fees.
Remember: being poor is expensive in ways that sometimes seem to defy reason for those with access to more mainstream financing options.
If Robinhood’s goal had been to foster wealth creation and shift capital gains to the hands of everyday people, they would have designed an experience where the big dopamine hits were from regular contributions to index funds.
This was about monetizing gambling impulses.
Some news: after 6 years at Code for America—and 5 years since starting what has become GetCalFresh—I'll be departing come mid-February.
What started with just an idea, duct tape, and lots of coffee in 2014 has today assisted close to 300,000 SNAP applications across California.
A SNAP participant:
"You would think they would adjust for the out of control inflation and food prices. I’m in Florida and it’s insane how much they’ve cut assistance. It’s almost not worth the hoops you jump through to apply only to sit in a never ending loop of uncertainty."
Making government work well is a matter of social justice because when government does not work, the pain felt is not equally distributed.
It can be tempting to throw up one’s hands. Please don’t. Many can’t.
The
#1
reason to make your government web service user-friendly is because it's what is just.
The
#2
reason is because if people can't figure it out they're going to call you, and you don't have enough staff for that.
.
@matt_levine
's "Money Stuff" was, truly, a thing of beauty. Every paragraph was like its own Nopa small plate delicacy, delicious on its own yet sublime when combined. It is well worth your time to read.
A few bits I particularly adored:
Never doubt that a group of weirdos with an over-commitment to the absurd and quixotic can make San Francisco a great city: indeed, it’s the only thing that ever has.
#TotalMuni2018
In case someone ever tells you San Francisco is no longer a great city. A guy on a bike named Dave just pulled up to our rickshaw and handed us coffee.
#TotalMuni2018
(Thanks
@allafarce
)
And I don’t intend to be shallow with a measure like prestige: but the wins to be realized serving 40 million users with an explicit mandate to improve their lives would almost certainly blow ad improvements out of the water.
Yesterday the President issued an executive order on "Transforming Federal Customer Experience and Service Delivery"
If you follow me, you probably know I yell into the ether a lot about this stuff (especially food stamps)
Let's read the details:
I just ran the numbers on our CalFresh application assistance during Spring over the past few years.
- In 2015, we were assisting about 20 apps a month
- In 2016, ~200 per month
- In 2017, ~2,000 per month
Today, we assist about 15,000 applications per month across 33 counties.
These are the first 3 screens of the mobile app for applying for public benefits in one place in our country.
I will say the tone of this experience speaks for itself.
Wow, what a data point:
"85 percent of all Oregonians who are NOT registered [to vote] ARE enrolled in Medicaid, a program that serves people living near or below the federal poverty line"
This is *exactly* the kind of "in-reach" target you should look for to increase take-up.
Good morning
#earthquake
Twitter!
Now is a good time to remind everyone that so-called "soft story" apartment tenants around the Bay are at risk of their building collapsing or becoming red tagged in a large earthquake.
Cities are not acting fast enough.
Boris Johnson using search keywords in an interview to throw off other news results.
To be honest, those not seeing these games or savvy enough to strategize in them are going to be in a world of pain over the next decade.
Excited about this write-up about our team's work
@USDOL
on doing plain language re-writes of unemployment insurance (UI) notices.
There's lots to think about in the bucket of "technology modernization," but high leverage value exists in text changes.
I don’t really know what to say.
Andrew, one of the truly kindest people I ever met. Generous, not cynical.
GetCalFresh would never have happened without him.
“Feed the people” he said 1,000 times — and he did.
Please donate if you can.
I love you bud
Accenture committed to a "go-live" date with Hertz.
A functional web site or mobile app was never delivered.
Let me argue this is both parties' mistake: if you're building up to a massive go-live ("Big Bang launch") for 100% of users, this outcome becomes far more likely.
If you/someone you know in California is being affected by
#COVID19
& struggling with getting:
- Unemployment (reduced hours; lay-off)
- Paid family leave (if you have to stay home to care for someone)
- Short-term disability (if you get sick)
You can send them my way for help.
Is this Omicron wave hitting anyone else a little bit harder in the head (and the heart)? I'm under no pretense that I have it anywhere near the top of "hard" here, but for some reason I'm really struggling. I hope you are doing as okay as is possible.
"Wait were you on *THE* California HHS Digital Service that hit made Medi-Cal renewal automatic for 95% of beneficiaries?"
"Yep! That was us. We've actually open sourced the data matching and administrative review interface, so Washington and Oregon are using it now."
Last day at
@codeforamerica
. Proud to leave GetCalFresh in a strong place; proud of what we've done; and deeply thankful for everyone who has been a part of it and helped it get to where it is today. Honestly I never thought we'd make it to here.
Feed the people.
An example of the subtlety of barriers in social services:
For food stamps (SNAP), a phone interview is required. Often that means you get a cold call from a blocked number, and if you'd don't pick it up, it's on you to reschedule.
But often it's *really* hard to reschedule.
4. Think harder about how you evaluate vendors, and probably also look more carefully at actual prior projects done by them; also please weigh references and past work more than flashy presentations
"Finally got a call from food stamps place, and i will be having food stamps on my card within 24-48hrs...This was the best news i had all this December. I thought i was going to starve. I stole some food from the dollar store. I felt bad about it. Cried. Im sorry."
Deep in the heart of Silicon Valley, a small group of concerned Americans study COBOL at night, waiting for the day they are called to serve in saving the systems behind so many of our greatest government programs.
Today I learned that, after a botched $1.2 billion payroll project, the government of Queensland simply banned future procurements with IBM across all agencies, indefinitely.
New goal:
to never use the word “solution” to refer to technology addressing some complex social problem
(even when it’s hybrid technology/people)
Hard problems don’t have solutions. They have little steps in the right directions, making the world a little less hard.
Next "tech for good" hackathon:
- All projects are brought as broad needs by real non-profits describing high-level problems
- Only off-the-shelf (no custom code) tools are allowed
- No prizes; instead all the SaaS tool costs are covered for the non-profits for 1 year
What's maddening when you get into the weeds of income support programs (and means-tested programs) is that they almost all make assumptions about income being *stable* — not fluctuating. That's just not reality for people these days, but especially for lower-income Americans.
9 years of Obamacare. So I must say it again:
I was only able to start the work on 5 years ago that’s helped 600,000 Californians because in 2014 I could finally get health insurance without a full time job.
Public policy affects entrepreneurship.
Ooo, what's "misleading" testing??
Fun fact for Hertz and others. There's a thing called Test Driven Development (TDD) where the tests are written first! You might consider insisting on that, and also looking into Behavior Driven Development (similar, but for capabilities).
To be honest, some days all I want to do is run a small studio that explores niche problem areas where technology could provide a big impact—but never yield returns supporting a staff bigger than ~8.
An entrepreneurial infrastructure for such "tail" products needs to exist.
I've been working on a piece of writing for some time, working title — "Start Where You Are"
The thrust: people working in complex problem spaces like government sometimes err tactically in making a dependency that others do some change before getting to work, producing value.
One thing I hope for with new leadership overseeing safety net programs like SNAP at the federal level is that focus is given not just to expanding eligibility (a common advocacy target) but also on reducing the clear empirical barriers that ALREADY eligible folks applying face.
@patio11
@michael_nielsen
@devonzuegel
I get many policy people coming to me per month and to all of them I say “oh you should help one person with the process and see what you learn.”
The take up rate is about 10%.
I am *blown away* by GPT-4's (ChatGPT's) out of the box response to
"my calfresh was discontinued - what do I do?"
GPT-4: Actionable step by step path to resolution (including fallback)
Google Search: ...a Spanish sports news site's scraped->spam web page generated for SEO...
In improving government forms and interaction design, we often use the blunt metric of "length" (number of questions, time taken).
A better metric, which we need to be better at operationalizing, is "cognitive complexity": what's the mental overhead on the user/client?
And that's it!
As a reminder, these are all claims made by Hertz in a lawsuit, and neither I nor anyone else not involved in the project can make any statements as to their validity.
But in a world where there are so many big failed IT projects, reading such lawsuits is useful.
I don’t actually think we’re that far from this as a reality. I think 5-10 years from now we could be there for a number of very deeply impactful public services.
What if California farmworkers could report water, shade, and break time violations so easily and accurately—and enfrocement actions so effective—that compliance was 99.9%?
"Just got approved for food stamps for the first time ever, and I’m shaking.
...It felt like everything was hopeless this morning; like we were at the bottom of a pit, and a rope, thin as it is, was just dropped down for us to hang on to."
#SNAPworks
Reading these I’ve been tempted to go through and describe all the specific details in student loan forgiveness app that aggregate up to this “simple” experience — and the tradeoffs against the alternative approaches we’re used to seeing more frequently.
The loan forgiveness application was so simple. I almost didn’t open it because I thought I’d have to search for information I didn’t have memorized. Took 5 minutes lol
I only was able to start GetCalFresh — which recently crossed having helped 580,000 Californians — because with the ACA in 2014 I was able to buy individual health insurance without getting auto-denied for the first time.
Universal health care de-risks entrepreneurship.
We’d see more entrepreneurs with universal healthcare: “One effect of this system is job lock. People become dependent on their employment for their health insurance, and they are loath to leave their jobs, even when doing so might make their lives better.”
Some news: after 4 years of having played many roles on our CalFresh work at
@codeforamerica
(only engineer, lead engineer, PM, and everything in the early days) we've built a team of 12, so I'm transitioning again.
Today I move into being the Director of the GetCalFresh work.
Okay, kinda proud about this even though I tend to eschew these things. A ton of people were part of it but also 5 hard fought years on my part so I’ll share.
Two minor comments here:
1. I'm VERY interested to know how the front end code created (a) security and (b) performance problems. cc
@slightlylate
2. "FED code" = the front end. That's a new one for me! (Please do not re-use this phrase, very potentially confusing.)
Working at the intersection of technology and government, I find a lot of the work can be characterized as what might be called "institutional yak shaving":
basically solving a long string of upstream problems that seem completely detached from your goal (but are critical)
Oh no.
"After Accenture put on an impressive, one-day presentation for the Hertz team that included a demonstration of the transformed Hertz digital experience..."
So it would seem that it evaluated based on a design presentation. Not sure how much vetting of delivery was done.
Pretty cool to see:
@codeforamerica
just got $100 million (!) over 7 years (!!) to launch a Safety Net Innovation Lab!
"partnering with 15 states to reach 13 million people and unlock $30 billion in benefits"
This is fantastic: indexing the site to an *actual* cheap smartphone they bought at the local Cricket Wireless store.
This aspect of accessibility is deeply underappreciated; it's easy to overlook when you're on an iPhone 10.
Great work
@abquirarte
& everyone else at
@CAdotGov
.
In this moment, state government is showing the power of thinking differently in our work to serve Californians. On the digital side, that means expanding what accessibility means by focusing on performance.
Yeah, you spent tens of millions of dollars and Accenture never delivered a functional web site. Then it cost you more millions to fix it.
That sucks. But, my dear friend Hertz, you should look at what brought you to these requirements, this vendor, and this approach!