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StErMi

@StErMi

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#web3 dev + auditor | @SpearbitDAO LSR, @immunefi bug hunter, sage of AAVE codebase :D

ethereum L1/L2
Joined April 2008
Don't wanna be here? Send us removal request.
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@StErMi
StErMi
4 months
During the next few days, I will share some of my private security research work that I have done in the last year. ​ All those projects are @aave related, and I feel very proud to have been chosen as one of the security partners to review them. I'm pretty sure that the
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
Many people lately sent me DM asking how to become a security researcher and approach web3. Here are some of the suggestions I gave to them (keep reading, it's a long one)
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I can finally share that I was able to find three different bugs on @AaveAave during a @SpearbitDAO audit on the @MorphoLabs project. In the coming weeks, I'll share a more detailed blog post, so keep an eye on my Twitter if you don't want to miss it!
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@StErMi
StErMi
8 months
I can finally disclose that I was able to find another 2 unique bugs in the @aave v2/v2 ecosystem: 1) Inconsistent validation on Aave v2/v3 2) Inconsistent HF (Health Factor) behavior swap borrow rate mode With these two additions, I have found and disclosed in total 5
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
Solidity security pro-tip: how does "delegate call" behave in different scenarios? 1) existing contract, existing function, return uint256 2) existing contract, NOT existing function 3) existing contract, existing function that REVERT 4) not existing contract
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 months
Finally, it's time to share what I was working on the last couple of days during my spare time: Smart Contract Inspector is a small Chrome Extension utility for people like me that needs to review the source code of verified Smart Contracts on all the
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I have crushed another huge milestone for my 2023 🔥 I was able to find and disclose two bugs on @immunefi (already confirmed and processed by the client). Can I now add it to my Twitter bio as an achievement? 😁
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
2022 recap - switched from web2 full stack to web3 as security researcher - Done @TheSecureum RACE, CARE and CARE+ - Done @yAcademyDAO Block 1 - Done 8 audits with @SpearbitDAO - Found 2 high and 8 med from @code4rena - Posted 55 posts on my blog
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@StErMi
StErMi
11 months
Do you remember that some weeks ago I was talking about three different massive career announcements I wanted to share, but they were not ready yet to be disclosed? This is the first one. I'm very proud to finally be able to share that I have been promoted to LSR inside the
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 months
The Chrome extension Smart Contract Inspect has been approved and is published in the Chrome Web Store 🚀 What does it do? It allows you to inspect the source code of a Smart Contract with your preferred Web IDE with just one click (or keyboard
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 years
I wanted to create something for #rarity by @AndreCronjeTech . So I came up with the idea of a global and pluggable Achievement System. This is just a Proof of Concept but I would love to get some feedback from the community! #solidity #web3 #dev 👇 🧵
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 months
I just realized that I'm in first rank position for the @aave Aave v3.1 Competition @cantinaxyz contest. Nice to know that I'm still in the top rank for the Aave codebase 😎
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I think that it's pretty clear that there should be some kind of council between audit entities (audit firms, @code4rena , @sherlockdefi , @SpearbitDAO , ...) and protocols to define and adopt the following standards and procedures - security researchers should audit deployments to
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@StErMi
StErMi
9 months
Do you want to know more about the Transient Storage Opcode? Solidity 0.8.24 has just dropped and there's an interesting blog post about it that is worth checking it out. "Transient storage is a long-awaited feature on the EVM level that introduces another data location besides
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I'm going to crush @CodeHawks launch contests! Who is also going to join the challenge? Should I start to write a blog post / report post-competition? Are people interested in this kind of content?
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@StErMi
StErMi
23 days
In the last couple of months, some security researchers have DMd me on Twitter or Discord asking questions related to @aave . I think that it took me at most 1 minute to double-check the code and provide the correct answer to their question. It feels great when people reach out
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
As promised, at the end of the tweet, you will find the link to the blog post about the second issue I have found on the @AaveAave protocol some months ago. This one is a fascinating edge case that could have caused some big trouble for @AaveAave . It's about e-mode, custom
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 months
My Twitter timeline is literally full of garbage and I don’t know what I can do to roll it back to only the content I’m interested into. I really have no more interest in opening this app because of it. @elonmusk what’s going on? I have no interest in meme, Olympics, politics
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
On May 15th 2023, Aave have officially released a post on their Governance forum to disclose different bug bounty submissions. Three of them have been submitted by me, and you can't understand how much proud of myself I am right now! Do you want to learn more about the issue I
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
The report for the first @CodeHawks contest has been published, and it's a bitter-sweet result for me. I always have mixed feeling when I participate in public "PVP" contests. Take a look at the current leaderboard: If you order the result by the High
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 months
I have built a Chrome extension that allows you to quickly open a Visual Studio Code web editor from an Etherscan page. I need a logo, but I'm the worst at design and I don't want to waste time with AI tools and possible legal problems. Is there a designer that would like to
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 years
In this blog post, I'm going to learn with you how to create a smart contract, a react application to connect to it, and at the end deploy everything on a testnet. Everything thanks to scaffold-eth: #eth #web3 #solidity
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@StErMi
StErMi
7 months
Sunday reflection: contest that won't pay for low/info findings and why I think they shouldn't do that. Context: I'm participating in a contest that follows this rule. Unfortunately, I discovered it only once I had already submitted some of them (totally my fault to not have
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@StErMi
StErMi
4 months
The third private security review I want to highlight has been commissioned directly by @avara . The project to review was GHO Stability Module (GSM) from @aave ​ During the review, I was able to find: - 4 Medium Seventy issues - 10 Low Severity issues - 21 Informational issues
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Ok, I've started watching the @summit_defi VODs. I'll try to list them and some TLDR of each video.
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
This Sunday I will drop the last blog post about the bug bounties I received from @AaveAave for a total whopping amount of $35000. It will be a fascinating one, I promise 😉 I'll give you a link to the previous two in the comments if you are eager to know more.
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 month
Saturday mornings are the perfect moment to grab a coffee, relax and enjoy submitting bugs to @immunefi 😎
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
As soon as you have good knowledge of Solidity, expand it to the EVM. A good place to start is here - - After reading those content, play EVM Puzzles and apply what you have learned
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@StErMi
StErMi
4 months
Grinding knowledge on @aave has finally repaid 😁
@cantinaxyz
Cantina 🪐
4 months
It’s announcement season, the results for @aave ’s v3.1 competition are in! 🪐 Here are your top 3 ranked researchers: 🥇 @StErMi : 14,285.71 GHO 🥈 @krikoeth : 8,285.71 GHO 🥉 @zigtur : 6,285.71 GHO Congratulations to all those that participated. Full leaderboard below:
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 years
I just published “Ontology Blockchain 101: A Developer Journey”. This will be a series of article about @OntologyNetwork development that will cover both C# Smart Contract and TypeScript (client SDK) #blockchain #Ontology #ont #smartcontracts
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
@cellar_gg @Simo1028 @ParallelTCG @Fitchinverse @heyhaigh @TheFreeroll @Szerr0 Is this the right way to touch grass and learn more about how to play ranked? 😁 @ParallelTCG @cellar_gg
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 months
One of the big pains with @immunefi is that you have to open each smart contract in scope. They should require the project to create an ad hoc and always in sync GitHub repo that mimics the deployed source code; otherwise, it's pretty challenging to manage it.
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
It's time to talk about SRX (Security Researcher Experience) Are you planning to audit your solidity project? Make sure to have all these points covered if you want to maximize the output of your audit experience 🧵
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I can't express how much this tweet means to me. Thank you so much for the shout-out! @cmichelio is a role model to me. He's one of the best auditors I have met and a wonderful person both in RL and online. Auditing and discussing with him in private is always a delight. If I
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 months
Just wanted to give a shoutout to @benjaminion_xyz for the outstanding work he has done with The Eth2 Book -- A technical handbook on Ethereum’s move to proof of stake and beyond. This book is a must-read guide if you need to understand how ETH2 works
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Is out there a wallet that allows you to simulate a transaction and see what would happen? - how many ETH would be transferred and where - token approvals: which token and how much allowance - ERC20 token mint/burn/transfer from my wallet to another one or to my wallet -
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 months
Today in Discord, I was complaining (again? Yes, until I get what I want 😁) about the lack of a real and proper Visual Studio Debugger for Solidity. A fully fledged, first class citizen debugger. And from nowhere @m4rio_eth linked to Simbolik, a Next-Generation Smart Contract
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I love the network of security researchers / devs that I'm building during the time in the web3 ecosystem. Not only many of them are OGs in their field, but they are also smart, humble and funny people to speak with, always ready to nerdsnipe between each other. One thing that
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 months
What is my dream and goal for the future? ​ Be able to find a high figure, multi-million bounty. Would I stop working after that? Not at all! ​ This would allow me to be free and choose which project I want to review without having to think about money. ​ Or maybe get some spare
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
This is a wonderful article that any developer or security researcher should read and apply. By following these core concepts, the output is a clean and simple result. I can’t stress enough that simple and clear code only leads to a better and more secure product. Don’t be
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I'm so damn proud of the PoC that I've just finished. Can't wait to show it to you once the contest closes!
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
In the next coming weeks, I'll share three amazing career milestones... I can't spill the beans yet, so bear with me a little longer 😉 I'm gonna crush this 2023, and I already can't wait to see what the 2024 will bring. Always push forward 🔥
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
Do you know what's a Metamorphic Smart Contract? No? Well, it's time to take a cup of coffee and read my last blog post about "EKO2022 Enter the metaverse CTF Challenge 1 — Phoenixtto". The best way to enjoy your Sunday 😉
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I honestly think that any med/high/crit finding must have a PoC to showcase it to be accepted in any contest or report. There are exceptions (if the outcome is really, really obvious) but in general, I think that you (security researcher) should always invest some of your time
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
Join the @TheSecureum discord and start learning from all the material that @0xRajeev have created and gathered since the beginning. Replay the old quizzes, study the answers, and apply for the new ones. This is your first step, and you will learn a ton.
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Am I the only one thinking that @OpenZeppelin should not use the main branch of their contract repo to point to the active development (not production ready) release of the framework? I think that it should point to the last stable release.
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
Start doing some CTFs - Capture the Ether by @smarx - Ethernaut by @OpenZeppelin - Damn Vulnerable DeFi by @tinchoabbate - @EthernautDAO has some on their timeline - many others You can find all the solutions and explanation to those CTFs on my blog
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Are you ready to follow me into a totally useless (or maybe not?) rabbit hole? Grab your caver hat and a flashlight and follow me deep down into this new blog post entitled "A fun on-chain investigation about PayPal `PYUSD` smart contract" What mysteries am I going to uncover?
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 years
Great article by @kentcdodds about Memoization and React. I really love to learn how to optimize my react app #reactjs #ProTip
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@StErMi
StErMi
8 months
Don't ask me why, but I've always been fascinated by the concept of bridge and cross chain. After the @Blast_L2 contest from @cantinaxyz I'm planning to do a much better deep dive into @Optimism and how it works. I hope in the future to be asked to join some security review
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
The most complex issue I have reported for the Beedle contest on @CodeHawks is a High one about "Attacker can steal a loan's collateral and break the protocol" The flow of the attack is pretty complex and fun to detangle, it involves buying the loan by using a "fake" pool (that
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I'm back from vacation. Today is the last day to relax, so it's time to plan a blog post, do chores, play some @baldursgate3 , build @ParallelTCG deck to grind ranked and get up to date with all the @solidity_lang security news. Tomorrow a new @CodeHawks contest starts and I need
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I really don't think that any AI can't beat my manual security review and provide as much value.
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 months
My @X timeline became super weird and useless with memes and things totally unrelated to my real interests and work. How much time and interactions (expressing that I'm not interested in posts/topics like those) does it take to go back to normality?
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
forge inspect is the hero we do not deserve
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Are you ready for the second write up about the bug bounties I have done for @AaveAave ? Stay tuned because tomorrow evening I will hit the publish button!
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Ok, I have just finished documenting the most complex PoC I have made (for a contest). I usually write down tons of comments to explain each step because I want anyone to understand the issue and follow the flow even by just reading the code. Is it worth it? Probably not because
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@StErMi
StErMi
5 years
I've developed an escape-room framework to create and manage escape rooms for Alexa and Google Assistant. I'm looking for a partner that will help me to create content for those escape room. DM is open. #AlexaSkills #AlexaDevs #VoiceFirst #VoiceApp cc @alexadevs @Dialogflow
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
This is the third and last post about the @AaveAave bounties I received, will you miss this weekly content? I will for sure, but it means that it's just time to find others bug to earn some deserved bounties 😁 This was a really juicy and interesting finding that made me earn
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
EVM Puzzle 1 solution is out! Learn #ethereum EVM while solving fun puzzles! In this challenge, you will learn more about two EVM opcodes: - CALLVALUE - JUMP #evm #ethereum #blockchain #web3
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I'm so deeply sad to be at home while everyone is enjoying @summit_defi and @EthCC :( I would have loved to be there to watch live all the wonderful conferences, meet old friends and connect with old one :( I'll try to keep up with all the videos that will be uploaded to
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 months
It's very cool that my Smart Contract Inspect Chrome extension has become a crucial part of my daily workflow. It's a strange feeling when you automatically use it without even noticing it! I just need to hit the keyboard shortcut CMD+Period, and instantly I can review the
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
What's the best way to relax a bit if not keep solving the "EKO2022 Enter the metaverse" CTF challenges? I have just pushed the solution to the second challenge on my GitHub repo, and I'll start writing down the blog post about it. If you can't wait:
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Today I was reflecting on my personal way of writing issue content when I find them during an audit. Usually, I try to describe all the knowledge I gathered and the process I have used to arrive at the finding, and the result is that the content is pretty exhaustive but "very
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
Start reading the @solidity_lang documentation. You can't be a developer or security researcher without knowing the language. You need to master it before anything else.
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Sometimes when you perform a security review, you need to follow your guts. At some point, while you review the code, you have that feeling that "something is wrong". You can't see it clearly at that very time. I usually leave comments in the code to remember that point and I
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
As a freelance security researcher, you should be able to determine what are the next long-term trends and start learning deep as soon as possible. This will make you the best expert in that field and open you opportunities.
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Can someone explain to me what @code4rena Bot Race is? I was looking at their blog post, but it does not explain very much how it works. I would love to experiment with the idea, but I need more details about the contest. DM me if you have more details.
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I like that everyone right now is in Paris and tweets about web3 and security at the same time zone where I live at. It’s sooool much better.
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 months
During the last 10 days, I have reviewed two protocols and submitted the report without have been hired for that. Basically, I have worked for free 😁 ​ I had some spare time and I wanted to experiment with it by learning something new and seeing if it would be a good investment
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@StErMi
StErMi
26 days
Again, huge shutout to the @smlxldotio team. They have done a great work since the very beginning with all the tools they have released during this whole time. The nailed the UI, UX and the value of the tools they released. First Then
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
You can't understand how much this achievement makes me proud. It means really a lot because it's a confirmation of all the learning and hardworking I've been doing lately. Looking forward to a great 2023 full of growth!
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
The @CodeHawks leaderboard has been updated, and now I rank 4th if you order it by the XP and 3rd if you order it by the number of High severity finding. And I'm 55th if you sort it by Winning amount 😁 I hope that the XP will be worth something at some point.
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
The report for Beedle, the first contest of @CodeHawks , has been finally published. Are you curious to see all the 9 High, 1 Medium and 2 Low issues I have found? Grab a beet because, you know me, the explanation won't be a short one, at least for the high I have found 😁
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@StErMi
StErMi
7 months
Is there a quick and easy way to query the blockchain (without the need to build my own damn indexer) to know things like if a function has been called on a contract, if a contract has emitted an event and so on and get back the tx where it has happened? Note: I don't like and
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
This is the path I've followed since now. It's not an easy journey, and you really need to be motivated, but at least for me, it was worth all the resources and hours I have invested into it.
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
As soon as you feel ready, start applying to audits by joining - @code4rena - @sherlockdefi - @immunefi Each week you have new audits to join, and you will compete with other auditors to submit findings.
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 months
Yesterday I was at the Modular DeFi Day event organized by @encodeclub and @eulerfinance . ​ Tons of top-notch talks and panels, but the peak of the day for me was to receive a personal shoutout as a security researcher directly from. ​ Being recognized for the hard work and
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@StErMi
StErMi
11 months
I really love Solidity custom error (and all the benefits that you get because of them) but I think that I really prefer the "mental model" of the require statement. I don't know if it's because as a security research, I need to do tons of context-switching between `require` and
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
How fun would it be if @cantinaxyz released a CTF that, if solved, provide you an invitation to the website?
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@StErMi
StErMi
7 months
. @CoinbaseSupport what's the reason why I can't withdraw USD to my Italian bank that does support USD as a currency?
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
Yeah, I know, I'm late to the party, but I'm planning to solve and share the solutions (with fully local working foundry tests) for the EKO2022 CTF Interesting challenges with tons of learning material to be shared. Follow for some juicy updates 😬
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@StErMi
StErMi
6 years
I'm really excited to announce that I get nominated as SAP Community Member of the Month. As I always said it’s an amazing feeling to see all your effort to get rewarded by this amazing community #SAP #SAPCommunity cc @SAPCommunity @SAPdevs @techedgegroup
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@StErMi
StErMi
8 months
Is reporting informational issues in a security review valueless? Maybe. Does it take a lot of time? Yes. But it's a proof of the passion, quality and attention to detail that I put into what I do. If I bother to look at those tiny details, you can be more than sure that I've
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
I'm doing an "on chain investigation", nothing serious, it's mostly for fun and learn new tools. The tool I'm using right now are a mix of - @etherscan website - @Phalcon_xyz explorer website - EVM Storage website by @smlxldotio (super cool but still needs some improvements
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
@SpearbitDAO instead is a group of freelancer auditors (you need to pass an initial test to be invited to audits) with the top security researcher in the field. I've learned tons by auditing with them. Bonus: their discord is full of interesting content to read.
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
When auditing, I'm using the VS Code extension "Inline Bookmarks" by tintin. How to do you handle the case where the comment is very long, and you would like to split it in multiple lines without creating multiple " @audit " tags?
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
Let's go! Huge congrats to @SpearbitDAO ! I'm really curious and exited to see what interesting projects will be audited by the outstanding security researchers that are part of the team! 🔥🔥🔥
@SpearbitDAO
Spearbit
1 year
We're excited to announce @SpearbitDAO will be a key security services provider for @BuildOnBase - helping build a more robust and secure ecosystem for developers and users on Base. Congrats on a successful mainnet launch and we look forward to securing the ecosystem 🔵☀️⚫️
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
In the "Checks-Effects-Interactions Pattern" do you include the event emission in the "effects" part even if the event does not have any state variable in the input? In general, do you think that events should always be emitted before any external interaction?
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
I have seen so many smart contracts during my audits and a common thing that I see is that there's a huge room for improvements in code quality, architecture design and optimization. This should be done since the beginning, otherwise the effort of pivoting grow exponentially.
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 months
Yesterday, I was curious to know how many hours I have spent doing Security Research since my very first day of work in this space. ​ Without counting Bug Bounty and Public Contests, I have logged more or less 2252 hours! ​ Pretty nice 😁
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@StErMi
StErMi
2 years
I think that @swyx "The Swyx Mixtape" podcast should come with a huge warning "can create addiction". In the last couple of weeks, I've listened to something like 20 episodes from the archives. Highly recommended!
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@StErMi
StErMi
5 months
I almost finished the Visual Studio Code extension I'm building. I've done 3 complete refactor of it because I was not happy with the code. It probably needs much more refactor, but I'm fine with the current state. I'm going to iterate, add features and anything needed based
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@StErMi
StErMi
3 months
Do you want to make your protocol secure? Help me to help you; it does not take too much. ​ 1) Provide all the needed specifications, documentation, and diagrams needed to understand what your protocol does and how it works or interacts with other internal and external contracts
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@StErMi
StErMi
1 year
In my spare time, I'm doing a re-run of the @AaveAave v2 and v3 codebase, and I'm annotating the differences between them. The notes are not well organized, but probably they are still useful to someone out there. Would you be interested if I publish them as they are, without
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