Richard Chappell🔸 Profile
Richard Chappell🔸

@RYChappell

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Academic Philosopher. Posts better stuff at 🔸10% Pledge #54 with @GivingWhatWeCan

Miami, FL
Joined September 2011
Don't wanna be here? Send us removal request.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
Maybe I'll take this opportunity to re-share some of my favourite posts. 🧵 (1) 'My Big Ideas' highlights and explains five major themes from my work
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Utilitarianism is just what you get when you take seriously the moral datum that *everyone matters equally*. Other views blatantly deny this, while trying to pretend otherwise.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Always confused when people critique an idea as "dangerous" rather than "false". What are they doing? Are they advocating that ppl should lie (for the "greater good")? Seems esp. self-defeating for criticisms of utilitarianism...
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
1 year
Utilitarians: we should care more about others. Like, think how much you care about your loved ones, and what you'd sacrifice to help them. *Everyone* is that important! Critics: utilitarians just care about math.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
9 months
I wish people would start using another term, like "naive instrumentalism", to refer to this sort of reasoning. No utilitarian theorists endorse it! Like, literally, zero.
@NateSilver538
Nate Silver
10 months
There's a certain type of journalist with an increasingly utilitarian outlook, i.e. it's so important the Good Guys win that the ends justify the means and fairness and accurately are subservient to that. This was subtext for a long time but is now being said explicitly.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Utilitarian public philosophers: "Let's do more to help the poor, stop torturing animals, and safeguard future generations!" Twitter critics: "REPUGNANT!!"
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
6 months
Kidney donors are the only people in the process who receive no compensation via @voxdotcom
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
3 years
Download *Parfit's Ethics* for free (until May 3) from Cambridge University Press:
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Kinda striking how *literally saving lives* doesn't seem to register to many as a positive impact? There's a weird refusal (in some corners) to acknowledge the obvious positive impact of Peter Singer's work in practical ethics.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
11 months
There's nothing EAs hate more than suggesting that their critics are obviously wrong.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
Funny but true: many critics of EA seem deeply morally disturbed.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
7 months
The quality bar for criticism of EA is so low that someone can write an op-ed saying "Forget GiveWell, just bring money with you when you go surfing in poor countries," and plenty of folks will applaud, "SO INSIGHTFUL!"
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Whenever I see ppl dismiss AI risk as "sci fi", I really want to know (i) what credence they give to AGI arriving within 30 yrs, and (ii) at what credence level they think it would be reasonable to start worrying about AI safety.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
It's very striking that most critics of EA aren't interested in the underlying *ideas* (which they mistakenly dismiss as "vacuous"); instead, they want to focus on the *people* and turn it into a status conflict: arguing that they're weird, bad, or unoriginal in various ways.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
I wonder to what extent extreme antipathy towards utilitarianism correlates with a "low decoupling" cognitive style?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
1/11. The puzzles of population ethics, infinite ethics, and decision theory are not problems specifically for utilitarianism. These are puzzles for everyone.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
I find this (seemingly very common) suspicion extremely bizarre. Why would you posit nefarious motives -- against very altruistic academics, of all people -- when "honest intellectual disagreement" is such an obvious alternative explanation?
@lastpositivist
Liam Bright
2 years
Mix of fair and unfair critiques in this. True - there is often socio-political naivety among EA rank and file, and upper echelons seem to avoid social theory in a way one cannot help but suspect is related to maintaining relationships with pay masters...
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
7 months
NYT Columnists: "If only more philanthropists would consider the plight of the poor, struggling, American doctor."
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
9 months
Why don't more philosophers blog about their research? Seems worth doing if your work is interesting and/or important.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Review: WWOTF is to longtermism what Animal Liberation was to anti-speciesism. Targeted at a general audience, it urges us to take more fully into account morally significant interests or considerations that we otherwise tend to unduly neglect...
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Weird pattern I've noticed: ppl often defend untargeted philanthropy by arguing that EA optimization misses some important consideration. But if they're right, that just recommends changing targets, not abandoning all attempt at optimization.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
6 months
New blog post (link in bio): Anti-Philanthropic Misdirection: when anti-EAs sound like anti-vaxxers.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
1 year
You can save five lives, but at the cost of complicity with Big Lever Corp. What do you do?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
1 year
"EA is just an excuse to do what you want while donating money to good causes" - Guy who does what he wants *without* donating money to good causes.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
1 year
Effective Altruism is (IMO) the pinnacle of saying "unsaid obvious" things. Like, (1) it's better to do more good than less, and (2) a career could be morally good for indirect reasons, like a high salary that you donate, and (3) existential risks are worth taking seriously.
@SpencrGreenberg
Spencer Greenberg 🔍
1 year
The "Unsaid Obvious" is my name for ideas that can be immediately identified as true upon hearing them but that are rarely considered. Despite their simplicity, they're often overlooked due to the vastness of idea space. They hold a unique power: 🧵[thread]
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
@ReflectiveAlt You're picking on an undergraduate student for saying true things in a tone you don't like? That's low.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Crudely calculating the expected utility of murdering your rivals, and acting accordingly, would be predictably disastrous. This doesn’t mean that you should abandon the goal of doing good. It just means that you should pursue it prudently.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Why utilitarianism is no threat to abortion rights: It would be crazy to think that "forced births" was a socially optimal policy.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
3 months
Anti-cancel-culture politicians should walk the walk by sponsoring legislation making it illegal to fire employees for their off-the-clock political activities or extramural speech.
@tracewoodgrains
TracingWoodgrains
3 months
in light of the recent wave of conservative-driven social media mobs and firings, I'm inclined to agree with this is it possible to put the genie back in the bottle, or is this tendency fundamental to any coalition that gains cultural control of a platform like this?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Is the "systemic change" critique claiming that (i) EA doesn't successfully maximize Expected Value, or (ii) we should prioritize "systemic" causes even when doing so has lower EV?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
7 months
"Pushing an agenda" is one of those funny phrases that only ever applies to *other* people. What *you're* doing is encouraging sensible thinking and good values. It's too bad that "agendas" keep getting in the way of others having good values, right?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
8 months
It's sad how offensive many people find the philosophical mindset. Like it's inconceivable to them that anyone could truly be "just asking questions" in good faith. (Intellectual curiosity seems a rare virtue!)
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
6 months
It's fine and normal (morally neutral) to not be very altruistic. But it's deeply malevolent to discourage others' altruism.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Critics repeatedly conflate "funding good causes is really important" (EA message) with "stealing money is an effective way to fund important causes" (stupid criminal fantasy). Important to note that the EA message and the stupid criminal fantasy are not remotely the same claim.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
How is it that @jkcarlsmith 's blog posts are always more worth reading than 99% of published philosophy papers? Seriously, this is great:
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Introducing , endorsed by leading ethicists, e.g. as "the perfect introduction to utilitarianism: comprehensive, critical and accessible as a basis for classroom discussion or public debate."
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
7 months
I'm continually baffled by how careless critics of EA are about whether their hostile public rhetoric will deter people from donating to effective charities (or provide "moral cover" to the selfish). It seems worth caring about this!
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Academic philosophy peer review reform proposal: paper authors should always be given the opportunity to briefly respond to referee comments before editor decisions
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
This is a common mistake. People don't realize that old-school EA heavily critiqued Charity Navigator-style metrics, so they say things like, "Look what a monstrosity you have become according to your own old-school metrics" and just no. We always said those metrics were rubbish.
@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
@lymanstoneky @Benthamsbulldog Two quick responses: (1) The pictured paragraph confuses EA with Charity Navigator. EA has always offered the opposite critique: "see what the funding ultimately achieves, don't obsess over superficial procedural metrics like CEO pay and overhead"
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
3 months
Against expecting (or pretending to) normative perfection:
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
People can vary a lot in their attention to subtext, which in turn can lead to miscommunication and misinterpretation. It may be helpful to bear this in mind, especially when interpreting analytic philosophers.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
6 months
New blog post (link in bio): What "Effective Altruism" means to me: 42 concrete theses -- which ones do you disagree with?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
The disconnect between what policymakers think of as "medical ethics" and the verdicts of *every coherent moral theory from utilitarianism to Kantianism* is shocking.
@NateSilver538
Nate Silver
2 years
@mattyglesias One of my weird takeaways from the pandemic is that it really exposed the real-world consequences from the lack of interest in moral philosophy.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
11 months
It's funny how philosophers can be like, "What I just said has already been refuted, but we'll just ignore that for reasons of space..."
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
@lymanstoneky @Benthamsbulldog Two quick responses: (1) The pictured paragraph confuses EA with Charity Navigator. EA has always offered the opposite critique: "see what the funding ultimately achieves, don't obsess over superficial procedural metrics like CEO pay and overhead"
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
Here's a blog from an Oxford PhD student, aimed at summarizing philosophy papers they consider important. Such a cool idea! More folks (esp. grad students) should do this sort of thing.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
I took the🔸 #10PercentPledge (way back in 2010) because it's a simple way to do a lot of good without sacrificing anything significant.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
2. Utilitarianism suffers bad PR due to being sufficiently clear and systematic to actually *attempt to answer* these questions. Other theories too often don't even try, so their inevitably flaws are swept under the rug.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
6 months
Risk-aversion kills a lot of people. Think how many fewer road fatalities there would be today if we'd tolerated more aggressive rollout of self-driving tech over the past decade.
@mattyglesias
Matthew Yglesias
6 months
Self-driving cars have become underhyped, with Waymo operating an actual functioning taxi service most people don’t seem to know exists that is expanding into two new significant markets.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
The abusability objection to non-utilitarianism seems underappreciated. Non-utilitarian ethics (as applied by biased humans) provides moral cover to the wealthy* to ignore the plight of the global poor, non-human animals, and future generations -- to disastrous effect.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
"To call attention to the fact that we could make major improvements without ending capitalism is inconvenient for people who want to recruit for anti-capitalism." I wonder how much leftist opposition to effective altruism this also explains?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
10 months
On the common neglect of positive-sum interactions: "In this Malthusian world, the only way to get rich was to essentially steal from someone else, because stealing is quick and efficient compared to growing food." Great piece from @mattyglesias
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
7 months
"Evidence-based quantification is imperfect so we shouldn't even try" remains a weirdly popular inference. (Note: "imperfect" is very different from "worse than nothing".)
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
Angry Goose chases guy who dunks on the Repugnant Conclusion despite every fully-fleshed-out alternative seeming even worse...
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
(10) 'Puzzles for Everyone' explains how the challenge of coherently extending beneficence and decision theory to extreme cases is a challenge for *every* (decent) theory, not just utilitarianism:
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
11 months
I hope the term 'beneficentrism' takes off, since it's quite confusing to refer to a "degree" of utilitarianism (as though taking constraints and prerogatives to be purely instrumental was a matter of degree!)
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@RichardHanania
Richard Hanania
11 months
Another problem for EA is that its embrace of utilitarianism makes it adjacent to every other movement. Everyone claims that their ideology increases human well being and relies on utilitarianism to some degree. And people often really hate adjacent ideologies.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
6 months
New blog post (link in bio) on MORAL MISDIRECTION: speech acts that functionally operate to distract one’s audience from more important moral truths (predictably reducing the importance-weighted accuracy of the audience’s moral beliefs).
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
It's striking how many supposed intellectuals still evaluate moral propositions in terms of their coalitional value instead of their truth value. (Like, "it's good to earn lots of money and donate it to effective charities" is controversial bc earning money is coded right-wing.)
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
New post explores how philosophy can make us worse at practical ethics. Too many philosophers seem tempted to turn practical quandaries into trolley problems, when the deeper practical problem is that agents often *don't really know* what situation they are in. 1/3
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
wtf philosophers? You do not "have a respectable philosophical argument on your side" whenever you ASSUME empirical claim X, and the truth of X would morally justify your action. Your X-belief has to be actually reasonable! Compare terrorists, religious inquisitors, etc.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
3 months
💯%: "Peer review thus functions on the whole... to suppress originality, to enforce groupthink, to amplify bias against anything unconventional, to entrench paradigms."
@alexxdouglas
A X Douglas
3 months
It’s part of my soft boycott of what I take to be an irredeemably corrupt industry devoid of any real value:
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
I don't think this is the true view, but it may be the most serious philosophical alternative to EA's beneficentrism.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
10 months
Many common mistakes can be avoided if you read my blog!
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
EAs tend to think like economists. Economists don't tend to think especially highly of "social theory", Marxism, etc. So it's not like the possibility of non-Marxist EAs is this inexplicable thing that has to be explained away by invoking deception or dishonesty.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
11 months
Critic: [attempts an objection to EA] Me: Your view implies that you should sooner hug a homeless person than cure world hunger. That can't be right. Critic: You're just assuming utilitarianism! Me: *head explodes*
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
@lymanstoneky @Benthamsbulldog (2) Against your claim that the principles are vacuous, see "Doing Good Effectively is Unusual": (Also, your own section on EA's anti-speciesism brings this out very clearly.)
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
6 months
New blog post (link in bio): Utopian Enemies of the Better: One of the most common fallacies in applied ethics and public policy is to reason from “X is good” to “Doing Y without X should be prohibited”.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
I like this pictured quote from the QT. Systematic thinking invites cheap shots from the anti-intellectual. (You don't have to agree with the views. But if you think they're unreasonable you probably haven't thought much.) See "Puzzles for Everyone":
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@asteriskmgzn
Asterisk
4 months
The TESCREAL “bundle of ideologies” is purportedly essential to understand the race to build AI, the ethical milieu of those building it, and the philosophical underpinnings behind Silicon Valley as a whole. But does the label actually tell us anything?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
I actually think these sorts of casual accusations of dishonesty are v bad. Too many ppl seem comfortable accusing others of being "grifters" or otherwise "suspect", just for having a different political opinion from them.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
@davidad Nope. E.g. Maximin blatantly disregards the interests of those who aren't the worst off. Deontology enshrines status-quo privilege. Treating ppl formally alike isn't enough to capture *mattering* equally.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
9 months
Ethicists too often hold emotional responses fixed. So when utilitarians argue that emotional responses are biased/misleading, they think utilitarians want people to be cold robots. Not me. I want people to have *better* emotional responses, and care more for those far away.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
People often overreact to mildly bad things. But it's hard to criticize the pile-on without seeming like you're in favor of the bad thing. Seems like an unfortunate dynamic, that often leads to polarization and social ratcheting effects.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
I really think the ideas are much more interesting and important than the particular people/movement/whatever. On the "vacuity" charge, see below:
@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
11 months
Doing Good Effectively is Unusual
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
"[W]hen there is sufficient pressure not to consider or offer certain types of evidence, many people (it need not be everyone) will act in line with this incentive... [distorting] the epistemic supply chain." - @HSJSpeaks
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Not to mention general tendency towards "guilt by association" tactics, failure to distinguish "sounds superficially bad" from "reveals deep problems of principle", etc.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
9 months
I think the problem is low-decouplers can't distinguish truth from other forms of endorsement.
@morallawwithin
florence ☧
9 months
i wish more people would admit that effective altruism is objectively correct and they just don’t like the people associated with it
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
3 years
New: "Near-Utilitarian Alternatives" explores the many ways to reject #utilitarianism in theory while still agreeing with its most important practical implications, i.e. concerning the importance of beneficence and #EffectiveAltruism :
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Why not try, "Yes, but for different reasons..."? These practical recommendations shouldn't be controversial, and frankly are so much more important than our theoretical differences.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
3 months
If you lack institutional access to the journal, you can read the preprint version via PhilPapers:
@IllinoisPress
Illinois Press
3 months
In Public Affairs Quarterly 38.1, a special issue, @RYChappell ( @univmiami ) addresses misconceptions about effective altruism & argues that its core ideas are excellent and widely neglected: even if we disagree on details, we should share its basic goals.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
You might as well criticize someone for rescuing a drowning child b/c someone should have built a safety fence long ago. Even if you’re right about the fence, it’s dumb and wrong to criticize acts of rescue given that there currently is no fence and children are drowning.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
It seems I've been blocked by David Thorstad for pointing this out. (As has the undergraduate philosophy student that he targeted.)
@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
@ReflectiveAlt You're picking on an undergraduate student for saying true things in a tone you don't like? That's low.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
5 months
Some ppl seem very let down by the fact that utilitarianism doesn't actually provide an algorithm for solving practical ethical problems. But neither does any alternative. Seems more like a problem with their expectations than a problem with the theory?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
@mattyglesias Those aren't competing views. Discounting for uncertainty isn't "pure" time preference?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
@NathanpmYoung @ReflectiveAlt If David was critically engaging with the ideas, that would be fine. But this kind of "screenshot without comment" tweeting functions as an invitation to mobbing and mockery. It's bad for discourse, and a professional norm violation for professors to target undergrads with it.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
@SpencrGreenberg Avoid perfectionism. No-one will read your dissertation anyway, so best to think of it as a learning opportunity, not a magnum opus. It's just the permission slip to begin the rest of your academic career. (If that doesn't sound worth pursuing, consider doing something else.)
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
1 year
Disturbing levels of anti-do-gooder hostility shining through here: "It’s almost too easy to feel a certain schadenfreude at the possibility that effective altruism—and its parent philosophy, classical utilitarianism—will really, finally get the pie in the face they deserve."
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
That animal welfare costs completely swamp the climate costs of eating meat turns out to be almost unavoidable once you grant that factory-farmed animal lives are net-negative.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Twitterati reasoning: "Hitler was a vegetarian, EAs care about animal welfare, so EAs are Nazis!" One would *hope* it's sufficiently transparently stupid as to not require engaging with. Alas, some of these idiots do have 150K+ followers, so I guess there's an audience for it...
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
11 months
Roses are red, Violets are blue; Billionaire philanthropists Are better than you. (The fear that seems to motivate some of the loudest critics of effective altruism.)
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
1 year
Twitter discourse on utilitarianism is so bad. I guess that follows from a more general principle. But I'm still shocked by how badly most ppl misunderstand the theory. (E.g. thinking it is a decision procedure.)
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Important thread. FWIW (as we've no first-hand knowledge of what happened at @bgsu after 2014), Helen & I personally find @coons_christian 's account credible, based on our past experience there.
@d_faraci
David Faraci
2 years
I haven't weighed in publicly about @coons_christian , except for a couple of comments on @DailyNousEditor (). I won't try to make his case for him. But now @bgsu is actively trying to get rid of him, and I want to say a couple of things about the situation.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
It just wouldn't do to let anyone outside of govt prevent the next pandemic, I guess.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
8 months
Intellectual anthropology ("here are the social forces explaining why some people like idea X") can be interesting, but I don't like when it crowds out first-order assessment of the merits of ideas.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
@alexbryant_ Peter Singer has to be the most obvious example, right?
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
4 months
@robertwiblin What's more: of any seriously ill person, the nearest possible world in which they undertake such exercise is one in which they aren't ill! So, by Lewis's counterfactual analysis of causation...
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 months
In response to my review lamenting that a book of supposedly "critical essays" was all insults and unsupported assertions -- no real arguments -- one of the contributors thought it would be a good idea to leave a comment doubling down on this methodology.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
8 months
If a child is drowning in a pond, and - instead of saving them - a passerby in a fancy suit prioritizes keeping their suit clean and dry so that they can donate it to a medical student, is it "hubris" to judge that this was a poor choice?
@ProfNoahGian
Noah Giansiracusa
8 months
@olivia_p_walker Exactly! We all have our own views and values and preferences, that's what I mean by subjective. Pretending "good" is a measurable number erases that individuality. Let people donate how they want. I think this med school donation is beautiful.
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
Response to @bryan_caplan 's "Conscience Objection to Utilitarianism": ordinary imperfection is no great burden on our conscience
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
11 months
Doing Good Effectively is Unusual
Tweet media one
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@RYChappell
Richard Chappell🔸
2 years
@itaisher Rights (if not grounded in utilitarianism) are effectively just a way of saying that those in a more privileged default position matter more:
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