Nature - Countries are grappling with how to regulate research that uses stem-cell-based embryo models. They will be watching the United Kingdom’s voluntary approach.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is widely recognized as involving disruption of core neurocircuitry that underlies processing, regulation, and response to threat. In particular, the prefrontal...

Laryngeal premotor neurons in the retroambiguus nucleus constitute the critical node for vocal production and vocal-respiratory coordination in mice.

The astrocyte-secreted molecules controlling inhibitory synapse formation remained elusive for over a decade. Irala et al. found that astrocyte-secreted neurocan C-terminal fragment controls SST+...

The brain exhibits a remarkable ability to learn and execute context-appropriate behaviors. How it achieves such flexibility, without sacrificing learning efficiency, is an important open question....

Finkel et al. use a cross-modal detection task for mice with single-unit recordings and optogenetic perturbations to investigate the relationship between the early cortical processing of a tactile...

The superior colliculus (SC) is an evolutionary conserved sensory-motor region integrating multi-sensory information into specific spatial patterns of neuronal responses. Visser et al. found that the...

Nature - The field is taking a leap forward thanks to innovative technologies, such as artificial intelligence. Researchers must improve consent procedures and public involvement.

Degeneration of the basal forebrain cholinergic system is a major cause of cognitive impairments and dementia in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Björklu

Heartbeat-induced pulsations of cerebral blood vessels can directly entrain neuronal activity.

Trujillo et al. review the biological and physical contrast mechanisms associated with neuromelanin-sensitive MRI, a promising biomarker in neurodegenerati

Labeling and live imaging of human embryos reveal that the majority of the future body originates, mostly, from one of the 2-cell stage blastomeres. Descendants of the first 2-cell stage blastomere...

Wang et al. reveal highly adaptable TFAP2C-centered transcription factor (TF) regulomes during murine peri-implantation and provide a perspective of plastic chromatin environment in designating the...

“The difference between predictions and outcomes is the key to understanding a strange property of learning: if you’re predicting perfectly, your brain doesn’t need to change further.”…

Four-repeat tauopathies are rapidly progressive neurodegenerative diseases with mixed subcortical and cortical symptoms. Using advanced neuroimaging method

Ever since its inception in the 1860s it has been controversial. Broca’s proposal that there exists in the left inferior frontal gyrus the faculty that co-

Varga et al. show that memory and place field features of both pyramidal cells and interneurons in the hippocampus are interchangeable. Optogenetic suppression of the medial entorhinal input decrea...

Chien et al. report cell-type-specific effects of aging on the transcriptome and DNA methylome in adult human neurons using single-cell multi-omics. The study finds greater alterations in excitatory...

Walsh et al. show that exogenous LIF treatment promotes the emergence of outer radial glia (oRG). LIF-treated organoids recapitulate the formation of an outer subventricular zone (oSVZ). A similar...

Nature - Wire-thin probes inserted into the brains of living people show the parts played by individual neurons.

While current diagnostic definitions of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are relatively new, the general condition has been identified by clinicians under a variety of names for...

Nature - A map of mouse development from conception to birth tracks 12.4 million cells at single-cell resolution as they mature into organs and other tissues.

This paper reviews the importance of Cajal’s neuronal theory (the Neuron Doctrine) and the origin and importance of the idea of brain plasticity that emerges...

Employing large-scale recordings from the subiculum and mammillary bodies (MBOs), Nitzan and Buzsáki demonstrate that cells in the MBOs are differentially tuned to hippocampal oscillations such as...

Nature - Scientists develop hybrid mice by filling in missing cells and structures in their brains with rat stem cells.

Development of SUM-PAINT, an approach that is capable of potentially unlimited super-resolution multiplexing, enables rapid visualization of distinct synapse types at single-molecule resolution.

Corujo-Simon et al. present evidence suggesting that, in preparation for implantation in the uterus, polar trophectoderm of the human blastocyst becomes multi-layered. Using sequential fluorescent...

Blast traumatic brain injury is associated with an increased risk of long-term neurological and psychiatric sequelae, but the underlying mechanisms are unc

Nature - Single-cell RNA sequencing of endothelial and perivascular cells provides a detailed picture of the human brain vasculature.

Nature - Different patterns of brain activity help to distinguish between images recalled from memory and the sight of physical objects.

Using fibre microdissections in postmortem human brains and population-based fibre tractography, Skandalakis et al. show that the ventral tegmental area pa

Lazzarotto et al. used advanced MRI to study cortical myelin loss and repair in 140 people with multiple sclerosis followed up for 5 years. They conclude t

Nature - Prion diseases are caused by misfolded proteins, but a new tool can stop them forming in mice.

In this study, Mehta et al. dissect the roles of Atoh7 cis-regulatory elements during retinogenesis. They demonstrate that deleting the enhancer landscape upstream of Atoh7 phenocopies Atoh7 mutant...

Campos-Cardoso et al. employ a series of multimodal analyses to demonstrate that the mouse dorsal peduncular cortex encodes fear but not extinction memory. These findings redefine the principles of...

Nature - Electrodes placed inside the brains of five people with traumatic injuries improved recipients’ performance in attention and memory tests.

Nature - The complete genome sequences enable inter-species comparisons.

Qian et al. examined the pre-synaptic contacts distribution in mouse neurons’ axons and constructed whole-brain single-cell neuronal networks. They found that bouton distributions were not homogene...

Summary: This Review provides a comprehensive description of sperm morphogenesis in mammals by focusing on the molecules involved in the formation of acrosomes and tails.

Abstract. States of consciousness are likely mediated by multiple parallel yet interacting cortico-subcortical recurrent networks. Although the mesocircuit

Up to 80% of patients with Parkinson's disease present with non-motor symptoms that often have a large impact on quality of life. Salehi et al. show that d

Using a novel PET tracer for imaging inflammation, Appleton et al. show that people with mild cognitive impairment with onset before the age of 65 years sh

Nature Africa - Comparing 3D images of living brains reveals limitations of using skull moulds to glean historic capacity for language and learning

Generating brains from two different species via blastocyst complementation enables synchronous development of appropriate interspecies circuits. When host sensory neurons are disabled, donor neurons...

INTRODUCTION We investigated the association between sleep duration and neuropathologic changes 19 to 40 years later in oldest-old (age 90+) participants of The 90+ Study. METHODS Participants sel...

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis share overlapping genetics and pathologies. Clayton et al. summarise recent evidence suggesting t

Kang et al. demonstrate that during eye-hand coordination tasks, the parietal reach region (PRR) and the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) operate in parallel to plan arm and eye movements, respecti...

Radenkovic et al. develop human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and cortical organoids to investigate brain-specific pathomechanisms associated with PMM2 deficiency. Utilizing multi-e...

In a randomized controlled trial, Cox Jr et al. find that autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell infusion in children within 48 h after severe traumatic b

Pillai and Franze provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in our understanding of how mechanical cues, e.g., tissue stiffness and cellular forces, contribute to nervous system...

Nature - The cells generated by the very first division of the fertilized egg make a lopsided contribution to the body’s organs and tissues.

Up to 80% of patients with Parkinson's disease present with non-motor symptoms that often have a large impact on quality of life. Salehi et al. show that d

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Integrating direct electrical brain stimulation with the human connectome’ by Coletta et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093

Iconic 3.2-million-year-old fossil is now part of an extended family of human ancestors

Despite lacking a centralized brain, the translucent creatures can learn from past experiences to avoid bumping into obstacles

The reference atlas, years in the making, offers common ground to put neuroscience findings in context

Queosine (Q) is a modified nucleoside present in tRNA anticodons. Identification and characterization of two vertebrate Q-glycosylases unveil new regulatory mechanism in protein translation and...