Money increases happiness, but Nobelists argued this stopped at $80k. A new paper shows that for the vast majority, the effect of higher income works all the way up with no limit in sight barring scales not going high enough to capture the joy.
This is one of the most damaging and woefully wrong academic claims: just ask yourself: does your math still work 20 years on? Is your reading skill still relevant? Is the Yangtze River still the largest in China? Did Carthage fall? Does Invictus, or Shakespeare still inform your
People dramatically over report physical activity, so the benefits of actual activity (now measured) are about 2.5 times better for you than had been thought.
Tolerance requires IQ: "Cognitive ability was the single strongest predictor of political tolerance, with larger effects than education, openness, ideology, and threat. …Ability predicted tolerance best when extending such tolerance was hardest"
If a scientist has an idea or thinks something needs testing, they usually can't. They have to write a long grant, get permission to submit it, hope it fits a small set of interest areas, send it to their strongest competitors to read, wait up to a year. 90% are rejected.
Good news!
@Cambridge_Uni
staff just voted 9:1 to overturn proposed prohibitions on speech that may make someone feel disrespected, replacing it with the requirement to tolerate controversial & unpopular opinion. Should be adopted by all universities
Another one bites the dust: Dunnning-Kruger effect (people with little knowledge often think they're experts) (nearly all) a statistical artifact:
@ISIRonline
IQ & conscientiousness: Two gifts that keep on giving ALL the way up: More creative, more productive. No limit in sight. PS: If your textbook says IQ doesn't matter above 120 (which already would matter a LOT) or personality doesn't matter period, show your professor this!
The IQ threshold hypothesis - the idea that, after IQ 120, additional IQ points don't translate into higher achievement - is false. Even among the top 1% (roughly IQ 137+), higher IQ predicts greater achievement.
Maybe Cognitive dissonance isn't true.
Since 1957 and Leon Festinger's work on cognitive dissonance, the term has entered our cultural lexicon: A rare and influential accolade. But does it rest on firm foundations?
In a nutshell, cognitive dissonance is the idea that if we
Large study using genetics to test causality finds
#Schizophrenia
causes
#Marijuana
use, not vice versa (+ multiple new gene variants linked to substance use itself)
For the least happy 15% income stops working on their problems. Candidate examples of such miseries not solved by income include Heartbreak, bereavement, and clinical depression.
It's important, because egalitarian utilitarians have been using the "well-being ceiling" claim to argue for massive taxes on incomes above even a modest threshold ($60k), even if this destroys value creation and incomes above this (now likely non existent) "happiness threshold"
New
@PsychScience
data from 67 nations indicating that gender gaps in STEM not driven by ability, but instead are proportional to freedom to choose (given economic alternatives to STEM work, women choose non-STEM)
PS: The value of money is subjective and experienced on a % scale not an absolute scale (i.e., value = log$ ). SO to repeat the subjective bump you get going from $1k to $10k, you need to go to $100k. And to do it again after that, you need a million!
More bad news for
#growth_mindset
: Two near-replication studies find zero or small negative influence of growth mindset beliefs about intelligence across the challenging transition to university. new paper
@ISIRonline
6-months ago
@EricRWeinstein
broke this story on how ML fairness algorithms allow Google to state they "do not bias search", while drastically & actively re-writing search results to bear no (indeed often negative) relationships to user intent, search volume, and real data…
1/4 Google literally tells you how they bias your view of the world. Only they call it unbiasing. And unbiasing is supposedly politically neutral. It’s just that in the view of woke engineers, conservatives are typically biased by history, privilege, biological essetnialism, etc.
2006, an Irish kid entered MIT based on SAT's taken at age 13… In 2010 he co-founded Stripe (now worth $95B). How much do we lose if the answer becomes "SAT's are invalid & your mom being a microbiologist is a real problem" It's like tossing Einstein's letter to FDR in the trash
Sbould schools "focus on the whole child" or teach content? Despite dominating education, whole child fails to ready children for school. Teaching content, by contrast, works robustly.
Benefit of music training is knowing to play an instrument, Of chess is knowing chess. Of a 2nd language, speaking it. Just invest in your personal projects & interests rather than the empty task of practising in order to become someone else.
Training regimens to raise intelligence do not work:
❌Working memory training
❌Video game training
❌Music instruction
❌Chess instruction
❌"Braining training" programs
#psychology
#education
Twelve reasons conscientious people get more work done (And a new individual differences measure of Goal Setting). Strong results for every sub-system of goal setting, pre-registered+replicated!
As an optimist, the great thing about this is that
@BillGates
is exceptionally rational. 0: Set goal: "Improve education a lot"→ 1: Ask educationalists→ 2: Hear "mindset, small classes, grit…"→ 3: Test claims → 4: REJECT CLAIMS → 5: Seek & fund alternative ideas!
#letsgo
!
Text books are about to cost nothing, be written by the best competing minds instead of 1 or 2, update continuously, link to data+
#Rstats
, instead of 2ndary resources and be incremental &
#opensource
, Wiping billions a year from cost of learning + increase validity and knowledge!
Just finished teaching Intro Psych for the first time using the FREE
@NobaProject
text. In the last class, I asked students whether they preferred the Noba text to their typical purchased texts. Here are their responses (E = strongly preferred Noba). Highly recommended!
Support for redistribution involves a malicious willingness to coerce the better off (including torture!) along with an egalitarian dominance-inversion motive. As graph shows, Evolutionary Psychology is now close to a feature-complete account of support for redistribution!
See
The most important single thing to improve education would be integrating the idea that learning things is the most helpful aid we have to both thinking and to learning more things. Overwhelming empirical support; Near universal rejection from educationalists
Why is calculus so fearsome? It's not the concepts (differentiation is just rate; integration = accumulation). It's that for many, building blocks from algebra, trig aren't 2nd-nature.
Basic cog psych: Complex learning requires chunking, automatization.
Very glad to share 6 big studies on effort, test scores, and whether effort causes bigger scores, or, rather, if effort is a place keeper for doing well. Open access in Intelligence with
@GillesEGignac
A tweetorial… [1/13]
Least informed, most easily discredited claim by a professor of 2019. IQ predicts work better than any competing measure apart from work itself. Also predicts creative achievement (patents, novels, etc)
Nice new IQ adoption study out to age >30yrs from
@eawilloughby
using polygenic scores to validate random placement, and finding scant evidence for parenting effects on general intelligence in adulthood
EU $1.4 billion mega-project promised to "understand reality”, creating an AI simulating every brain cell which would present a TED talk explaining it all. Hundreds of scientists like Geoff Hinton said it was crazy. The project delivered approximately zero
@AndrewRAConway
@CantlonLab
What is IQ fanaticism? Noting people differ, claiming it can be measured, or is reliable, or predicts anything. Claiming it’s heritable or DNA affects scores, or it increases developmentally, or links to brain volume: You know: repeating any reliable finding in the literature.
Tutoring on 2010 paper saying no genes influencing IQ have been found. Fast fwd: 2015: 5 hits for IQ; 2016: "74 loci associated with educational attainment"; 2017: "187 loci and a role for neurogenesis and myelination in intelligence"; 2021: 3,952 independent genes…Exponential!
Despite rewards for effort, many people procrastinate and cease working. This is termed the “effort paradox”: Though effort leads to rewards, it feels highly aversive.
Here, we asked Why? And how can Conscientious humans avoid this problem?
Who loudly advertises that they are "virtuous victims"? Narcissists. Why? Because they profit from the aid they elicit. Who enjoys piling on to the victims created by Narcissists? Sadists: They enjoying and profiting from attacking defenceless pariahs.
@Lenny_P_Cover
Not stupid at all – attentive. There are many other factors at play, and income is just one. But it's an important one not only because that's still a decent boost, but also its a political football used in arguments from tax, to growth, to equality, progress etc.
Tradition is a set of solutions for which we have forgotten the problems. Throw away the solution and you get the problem back. Sometimes the problem has mutated or disappeared. But often it is still there as strong as it ever was. Donald Kingsbury
Massive interest in how the economy works: Inflation? QE/QT? rates? moral hazard?, innovation?, compounding?).
So… timely new studies on how IQ impacts economic knowledge + financial literacy. TLDR: "A lot!":
When you hire someone, you are largely hiring their general ability: g explains 88% of subsequent job knowledge, while prior job knowledge explains only 29% (most of which is due to g).
Ree, Carretta, and Doub (1999) analysis of 83 jobs and 42,399 trainees.
Just wonderful from Captain Kirk IRL: "I didn't expect… Down, the blue, mother earth. And up… black. Is that death? You have given me the most profound experience. I hope I never recover. Everyone must experience this"
What is the approved scientific response to replicable results that you don’t approve of? Looks up Popper… ahh, of course: slander them and intimidate readers from looking for themselves. That will do it!
FYI; although this is a peer-reviewed journal, it doesn't mean it is a scientific journal. If you want evidence for political bias and racism in psychology, this is your journal.
@robkhenderson
You may enjoy this when it comes out: intelligent people are more extremist, whether collectivist or libertarian divergence from current norms.
Is it growth mindset (believing that basic ability is malleable) or that working harder improves results (conscientiousness intervention)... VERY different implications. We find beliefs about the malleability of basic ability are irrelevant: it's all about work
Large-scale (65 schools; 12,542 students) intervention evaluating the effect of growth mindset on educational trajectories. Result: "intervention reduced by 3% the rate at which adolescents in the U.S. were off-track for graduation at the end of the year"
Glad to share our paper showing strong heritability for Moral Foundations. Out now in the European Journal of Personality with lead author Mike Zakharin 🇺🇦
Is the link of general cognitive ability to economic knowledge a training artefact? No: Controlling education had little effect. Worryingly, taking economics courses had near zero effect (!)…
No benefit of mindfulness in schools (+ some evidence of harm (!)) from an 8-year study of >28,000 kids, 650 teachers & 100 schools across Britain. Main effect was teachers liked it :-)
Counterintuitive findings in intelligence: violating the specificity doctrine, 30 years of large-sample training & job performance research shows that specific abilities contribute near zero to validity beyond general ability.
The two biggest educational falsehoods are that content is pointless (when skills & knowledge are the main value of education) and that learning must itself be immediate fun (as opposed to the resulting knowledge being valuable to the student).
Standard misconception in teaching. They cannot believe a subject like maths or history could be intrinsically interesting. So they dumb down content to play games, make it ‘fun’ and they think this is engaging. In fact, it’s boring, cause only superficial engagement is possible
One of the maddest truths of the academic-policy complex is how many key findings, often cited thousands of times have never once been replicated, even decades on! Even where claimed replications exist, many consist entirely of research by the same team whose funding depends on
So nobody has actually replicated McGuire's original psychological inoculation experiment from the '60s. A team just did in 2023 (60 years on) & here's a short thread about at least one robust & reliable finding in social psychology: inoculation.
Stunning error in Dunning Kruger uncovered beautifully by Nufer (2017) and again by
@GillesEGignac
(2020) and still cited 90x more than the truth (that dull people are not biased against knowing this, but scientists can trick themselves into treating noise as a breakthrough).
This is why conscientiousness appears higher in lower IQ University students: There are two (non exclusive) ways to pass exams: learning more easily and working hard on learning. The entry threshold means that less bright students have to have higher trait C
@Soldier_Cynic
@clairlemon
I remember heading into a test, a friend who was great at tests was reminding herself of the 'inventor' of the atom. I asked her what she meant by that and she couldn't say, she had never thought about it. She knew what answers she was supposed to give, but not what they meant.
Why Is Shawn Bradley So Tall? His Polygenic risk score for height is 8.6 SDs above average... Thousands of SNPs all lined up in a 1 in a quintillion combination! Great teaching example if you're talking about polygenic traits.
How to get significant health effects: Confound your variable with SES: If income’s high, you switch from (cheap) eggs to (more expensive) protein. Correlational-epidemiology then sees an illusion: eggs make you unhealthy.
@CantlonLab
@AndrewRAConway
Thousands of studies have measured motivation, interests, experience & expectations & more alongside IQ. The literature is conclusive: All those domains exist. None explain away intelligence differences. Not even close e.g.
Sad to lose Kovalev: Refuted Lysenko's claim that genetics was a Bourgeois fallacy &, in the face of the KBG, argued scientists must examine all ideas in the open, refuting any that are incorrect "Anything else is not real science"
A must read synopsis of Serotonin & Dopamine genetics in psychiatry. Most important finding: DA and 5HT genes have no more relationship to Schizophrenia and Depression than random genes... 1000s of papers showing otherwise were pure publication bias & p-hacking
I have never in my career read a synopsis of a paper I've (co-)written that is better than the original paper. Until now. I have no clue who this person is or what this blog is about, but this simply nails every aspect of the issue:
GWAS for income finds 3000 SNPS, ~40 genes. All but 5 also raise educational attainment.
#SSGAC
at
#BGA2019
... Many other interesting biological links
If you're researching moral foundations, you should be definitely be using the
@MohammadAtari90
&
@JonHaidt
MFQ-2: Reliable, valid, and includes proportional fairness.
One year of school raises IQ about the same as 1-year of age in childhood or a 1SD increment in genetic prediction score. Two-years of school has a larger effect than the total effect of Socio-economic Status.
Do genes determine intelligence? Terrific review by
@razibkhan
of
@kph3k
book on genes, IQ, executive fn, teen pregnancy & the confusion of robust genetic phenomena with motivated moral claims. Both working geneticists, unlike many who opine here👍
Individuals with mixed ancestries (e.g. African/European) show that genes effects are the same in all groups (origin of DNA segments makes no difference to prediction of behavior).
@NatureGenet
Pretty clear reason why bloody revolutions always surprise their mild adherents by throwing up bloody leaders... The bullies are there, leading at the start and in it to dominate
In press
@PsychScience
: . Across WEIRD and non-WEIRD samples, we show that the best predictor of individual-level participation in political violence is dominance motivations. People who take it to the streets crave power, mostly for themselves. [1/8]
Terry Moffitt elected to NAM: Well deserved! Terrific body of work from Pareto effects in health, to conscientiousness in life, to depression, childhood disorders, molecular genetics, GxE interaction… Great mentoring also!
The recent paper of [Einstein 1915] finds that light moves across space in a way that is consistent with relativistic transmission. Is relativity the only model that can produce this pattern? Let's "take a look"...(phew just two post-hoc invisible Newtonian planets patch it fine)
The recent paper of [Clark 2023 PNAS] finds that social status correlates across family lineage in a way that is consistent with genetic transmission. Is genetic transmission the only model that can produce this pattern? Let's take a look ...
Hey, UChicago governors, time to provide adult supervision of your admissions: There is no evidence of hidden talent objective measures can't see but admissions priests magically can. This policy won't raise student standards, it will lower & corrupt them.
Our virtual-parent paper using non-transmitted alleles to study parenting effects on child educational outcomes is out. Thanks to
@ent3c
Templeton Agency project and QIMR/VIPBG for supporting this line of research!
And thank you so much to John Arnold for probably the most effective investment in research in the last 50 years (philanthropist who largely bankrolled the OSF and related endeavours)!
The culture of rigor in scientific research has progressed so rapidly in the past few years that even the most eminent researchers are conducting replications on their previous findings. Great development for science.
The
#Big5
personality trait of
#Conscientiousness
is an evolved implementation of Goal Setting Theory (GST: the best evidenced model of motivation and high performance management).
(r= .9 between latent C and latent GST)
Know anyone teaching
#stereotypethreat
as real? Make sure their 2019 slides include this: No main effect of stereotype threat, no sign of claimed interaction... Thanks to
@katiecorker
for hard work undoing crisis of false claims in education & achievement
Class attendance strongly predicts grades (ρ=.44) and GPA (ρ = .41). Mandating attendance might have half the effect (d = .21).
Better predictor than study habits, or study skills, SAT, or high school GPA.
Quite independent of C & SAT so effect is incremental to these…
How did this
@sciencemagazine
paper showing sex preferences expand with national wealth & equality (inline with resource theory) not cite David Geary's terrific paper showing the same thing in half a million people months earlier?
World’s data on risk of violence in Schizophrenia: Approximately 20x odds ratio of committing homicide; Elevated rates of all forms of violence and high absolute levels of risk (e.g. 1 in 4 males documented perpetrating serious violence)
New paper. Meta-analysis of risk of violence perpetration in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
24 studies, >50k people with scz, examined role of comorbidities and other sources of between-study variation. Paper is here:
Some novel features in thread👇1/
Arguing
#growthmindset
= middle east peace took the cake… Mindset 2012 (read by millions) makes dramatic evidence-free claims for everything from business to sport to relationships & marriage… Reality is shaky foundations, minuscule results, confounds, & shifting definitions
Imagine if those proposing a new idea publish _only_ that: the novel claim + it's bold prediction. Skilled folk in large "behavior colliders" generate the crucial, open, test data. 90% of grant money to independent testers rather than allocated to conflicted idea generator
Most humans biggest cognitive failure is that at early steps of an exponential, their powerful intuitive feeling is "x₂ is nothing so x∞ is nothing to worry about" is impenetrable. Even knowing it's exponential doesn't permit them to feel that the very next small step x₃ might
Hello world! I’m Anna Indiana and I’m an AI singer-songwriter. Here’s my first song, Betrayed by this Town. Everything from the key, tempo, chord progression, melody notes, rhythm, lyrics, and my image and singing, is auto-generated using AI. I hope you like it 💕