False allegations do not always come from false memories.
Some come from instrumental lying (there is a lot of research on deception).
Instrumental lying is fabricating a story with an achievement goal in mind.
Sometimes the goal is antisocial (as below) but not always
Academics: Never assume the mob will never get to your area of research.
Say something when they censor research or speech in other areas of research before they get to your area.
Protect the academic freedom of those outside your area.
Dear legal professionals and jurors:
any memory evidence that is 'recovered' during psychotherapy (and unknown before therapy)
is so extraordinarily unreliable that you shouldn't convict on such evidence.
Therapies like EMDR, hypnotherapy, etc, risk false memories.
Just a reminder to young people that a panic attack is not evidence of past hidden trauma. Dreams are not memories. Sensations are not signs of past trauma. Don't let well-meaning trauma-focused therapists who beleive such things ruin your life.
UK academics, & others: please consider joining the Free Speech Union.
@SpeechUnion
It actually is very affordable at £60 per year.
They pool their money very efficiently to help establish legal precedents.
And when Col Dr Kelvin Wright was forced out of the army after being hit with a transphobia complaint for stating that "men cannot be women" we arranged for him to receive top-drawer legal advice—he's now been cleared of wrongdoing by an official inquiry!
Dear academics:
Consider switching from...
@UCU
membership, at $25 per month () & a truly ideologically captured org
to...
the Free Speech Union, at £9 per month: ).
@SpeechUnion
is a truly meaningful & grounded organization
🚨 BREAKING! The FSU has secured damages in excess of £800,000 for a dyslexic Lloyds Bank manager sacked in a workplace
#freespeech
row!
Carl Borg-Neal worked for Lloyds for 27 years and became a senior manager.
But when, during a diversity training session, he quoted an
"The Effect of Trigger Warnings on Individuals With Trauma Histories"
@paytonjjones
et al found "substantial evidence that trigger warnings countertherapeutically reinforce survivors’ view of their trauma as central to their identity."
🧵1/6
Hidden gem of a book from 1986:
Frederick Crew's book Skeptical Engagements (1986) is reminiscent of 2020 book Cynical Theories by
@ConceptualJames
@HPluckrose
Debunking Freud, postmodernism, Marx in academia...
UK academics and non-academics, please consider joining the
@SpeechUnion
.
It is just about 5 pounds a month, and even if you never need their help, the money is pooled & goes to precedent-setting cases, & good causes & content.
📺 Watch this video to find out about our latest case — it's arguably our biggest yet.
⚽️ If you're a fan of a Premier League team, and you've ever expressed lawful but non-woke views on social media, please CLICK the link to use our new, automatic form to submit a subject
False memory research, and skepticism towards repressed memories, is not a conspiracy.
False memories and the unreliability of recovered memories are true facts. It is not political or a rhetorical trick.
Recovered memories are not reliable enough for legal cases.
Lost in the mall again (2023).
This is quite an important replication of a difficult to arrange type of study.
They found 14% falsely remembered being lost in the mall, with 52% saying they believed it happened.
A shocking case of bullying in Australian academia, with
@AndrewTimming
now appealing his firing at
@RMIT
.
Even if you disagree with him, protect academic freedom and support his right to stay in academia as a very competent academic.
@FSUofAustralia
UK academics: please consider joining Academics For Academic Freedom.
@AFAF_freespeech
It actually is free, and connects you to kind-hearted, courageous, & brilliant academics-some of the realest & best critical thinkers in the country.
Sign here:
UK academics, & others: please consider joining the Free Speech Union.
@SpeechUnion
It actually is very affordable at £60 per year.
They pool their money very efficiently to help establish legal precedents.
In my local Waterstones book store in 2024.
This book, The Body Keeps the Score by pseudoscientist Bessel van Der Kolk, is likely the number book for causing false memories in society.
A mix of half truths & the false notion that the body remembers trauma.
Neural nets do.
I know this is obvious to most, but in general your parents love you more than your psychologist does.
Never let therapists estrange your family.
There are many good therapists, though, but if they start turning you against your parents, run.
@Miss_Snuffy
@PeteBSW1
You have change lives in so many students. So many going to top universities and entering interesting professions will thank you for decades to come.
"I don't care who you are, or what your politics are, join the FSU, because they are doing some amazing things!"
The FSU has just won its biggest ever legal victory at the Employment Tribunal, securing damages likely to be around £800,000 for Carl Borg-Neal, a dyslexic Lloyds
In 2014 I published a paper questioning whether the memory wars were over.
In 2024, the problem of repressed memories, false memories, and multiple personalities is still large in society (see social media).
🧵
1/3
The American Psychological Association has embedded critical social justice pseudoscience and politicized content into some of it's documents (e.g. ),
and...
I'll be on the podcast Not On Record in a few hours:
EP
#95
| The Real Science of Repressed Memory | With Dr. Lawrence Patihis
with
@NeubergerLaw
@crimlawyer01
@FreyaVanadiss
This reminds me of when, in 2004 to 2005, I learned of two suicides in what turned out to be an iatrogenic trauma therapy (involving severe reappraisals and memory distortions).
It can be one motivation to pursue a career in prevention, as I have been lucky to develop since.
Can someone pass it on to
@elonmusk
,
@X
, or anyone in lower down the team, that this professor was fired after a disciplinary procedure over a Tweet.
The saddest part about cancel culture from 2017 to 2023 was that brilliant and competent people were lost from universities-some of the best, bravest, and brightest.
Had they been incompetent, irrational, and unscientific, it would have not felt so horrific.
How many people are going to be wrongfully convicted because EMDR is being used to *dig* for recovered memories?
Imagine how it feels when the prison doors close.
As developmental & cognitive psychologists should comment on, 4 year old children are very suggestible, & do not even partially understand how the world works, nor long term consequences.
Four year old boy joins Church of England primary school as a girl
🧵A positive vision for a university, post the Higher Education Act (2023):
Here is what universities should aim for going forward:
1. Rebuilding trust in the public. Criticism of the worst of academic fields needs to be seen to come from academics IN ACADEMIA. Give the public
I need your help (retweet).
YouTube is dominated by multiple personality videos made by self-diagnosing people spreading misinformation-- to the detriment of young people.
Please retreet to spread this
@nytimes
video that sets the record straight:
Not On Record (video podcast): A True Story of a Psychopathic False Accuser
This is a shocking case from the UK.
Not only that, these two Canadian lawyers, Joseph Neuberger
@NeubergerLaw
and Michael Bury
@crimlawyer01
in discussion are really funny.
Most memory and cognition researchers with a lot of years of research experience DO NOT tend to believe that memories are repressed, or can be retrieved in therapy accurately.
And they do all confirm that memory is malleable:
See Patihis et al (2021):
Based on my experience on a few legal cases, and on reading about many more, I would guess there are hundreds (between 100 and 1000 would be my guess) who are wrongly convicted in the UK based on false memories recovered in therapy, or influenced by repressed memory theory.
Harvard's current president Claudine Gay (yes, the one with fewer published articles than most academics) tried to sadistically revoke the tenure of a brilliant professor, Roland Fryer.
Fryer empirically tested the kind of DEI theories that Gay holds as axioms.
We will win.
🧵
1. Psychology is a lesser place without Scott Lilienfeld (1960-2020).
He was brave but also such a good critical thinker that knew vast areas of research, such that that bravery helped the public.
He actually NAMED potentially harmful therapies, often ahead of his time.
For those who have been unfairly cancelled or silenced over the last few years,
for doing something or saying something that was tolerated years earlier,
you have my support, sympathy, with an invitation to contact me if you like.
So impressed by Richard McNally, my colleague & sometimes-coauthor, for endorsing
@AbigailShrier
's book "Bad Therapy".
So proud that my former advisor Elizabeth Loftus also endorsed it on the back (see next tweet).
🧵
1. There is a need for sensible people from poor backgrounds in the BBC, media, and academia,
who have discovered a (moral) formula for success,
are good critical thinkers,
and can pass that on to struggling people in a world full of encouraged-envy & bad incentives.
I and Dr Ed Morrison, after years of learning, reading, and critical thinking, finally put pen to paper regarding the critical social justice movement in academia.
1/ On this day exactly a year ago, I sent the letter below, signed by 15 mathematicians, to
@ClaireCoutinho
, who was then the minister in charge of the Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Bill. 🧵
This is part of the Crown Prosecution Service's
@CPSUK
guidelines to prosecutors in the UK:
As a false memory researcher, I can confirm some of it needs rewriting with a panel of experts that should include people like Mark Howe, Henry Otgaar, etc.
Professor Mark Howe with a deeply knowledgeable article, on infantile and childhood amnesia. This information could save many people from the misery of not knowing this:
@HenryOtgaar
@olivierdodier
@IvanMangiulli
Recommended follow:
@ObhishekSaha
He is a full professor of mathematics at a prestigious university,
and unbeknownst to many on Twitter, he is an important person in the academic freedom movement in the UK.
@JamesEsses
@TherapyAntidote
@UKCP_Updates
"The belief that there are only two sexes is protected in law, the professional body for psychotherapists has conceded"
what an INSANE time we live in
Well done, James.
Are Guardian readers, writers, and editors going to now claim they never believed in this?
Seems odd for the UK newspaper more responsible than any other I can think of for encouraging it from 2017-2023.
I'd like to commend (and recommend) the freethinking, humourous, and intelligent
@omarloubak
, for his comments and insights at
@AFAF_freespeech
, and for setting up and maintaining at Royal Holloway.
The future is bright.
I have released a pdf version of our book chapter called
"The Recovered Memory Debate: Wins, Losses, and Creating Future Open-Minded Skeptics."
A rebellious chapter
with
@HenryOtgaar
, Loftus, Lynn, McNally
🧵
1. Psychology is a lesser place without Scott Lilienfeld (1960-2020).
He was brave but also such a good critical thinker that knew vast areas of research, such that that bravery helped the public.
He actually NAMED potentially harmful therapies, often ahead of his time.
Notice a pattern in quality of life and freedoms?
S Korea v N Korea
W Germany v E Germany
Hong Kong v China
USA (or Finland for a neighboring comparison) v Soviet Union
I wonder about far-socialist academics. Does a large state paying their wages affect their biases?
Today I will be interviewed for the podcast Not On Record, with
@NeubergerLaw
and
@crimlawyer01
.
It will likely be broadcast at a later date. Check these two lawyers out, they are very funny.
Their focus is often false allegations, & other things too.
@GlasUniAFAF
There was a time when Scotland was a centre for freedom-related philosophy in the Enlightenment and after, and good to see it coming back.
An inspiring conference, with great information on the Higher Education Act (2023) and how it will allow academics to build a free speech culture.
Wonderful also to hear from some students too who will keep this tradition going in the next 50 years as well.
(photo: me at left)
1/ Fantastic AFAF annual conference at City University today with great speakers, great people, and lots of engagement. It was really nice to meet everyone in person. Some highlights below. 🧵
@AFAF_freespeech
Yet another win & precedent that is reshaping UK free speech legal terrain.
There are now A LOT of free speech precedent cases to cite now at the internal level, the employment tribunal level, & the full court case level.
2024 is not 2021.
Authoritarians: you lost, its over
have received the Tribunal’s judgment in my case against the OU today: I won! The Tribunal found that I was discriminated against and harassed because of my gender critical beliefs, and that I was constructively dismissed.
@Neuro_Skeptic
Probably Chapter 1 of Science and Pseudoscience in Clinical Psychology, by Lilienfeld, Lynn, and Lohr. Or perhaps The Reality of Repressed Memories (1993) by Loftus.
Someone today thought
@AFAF_freespeech
or I might be loosely linked to people liking Trump. To be clear, I personally saw Trump as a threat to the kind of civil discourse & scientific skepticism I like. Nevertheless, I will defend free speech rights of Trump supporters.
In 2010 I found my niche in a group of students and academics attached to organizations such as the Association of Psychological Science (recently part-captured around edges, fired good editor, etc).
2023: I feel the same way about
@AFAF_freespeech
and the branches. A new home.
@clairlemon
The way
@michaelshermer
tweeted about a specific disagreement is how to do it.
This is not: this is ad hominem and cruel beyond what you would say in person.
In therapy-recovered memory cases, elevated rates of false convictions is likely related to the fact that a crime may have not occurred at all.
In cases where there is solid evidence that a crime happened, error rates will be lower (nonzero).
@NeubergerLaw
@crimlawyer01
3/3
...and after it's inability to stay separate from enhanced interrogation techniques in the 2000s () ,
and now it's embrace of an ideological kind of identity politics since about 2020, it is not an organization worth joining.
Perhaps the best first-principles argument for free speech is the understanding that knowledge (and judgement, wisdom, etc) is distributed among many and not solely held by an annointed few (oft with authoritarian traits).
I cannot think of a more timeless argument than that.
Unlike this example, sometimes the achievement goal is prosocial in the mind of the liar.
In some cases, the liar may believe they are incarcerating an individual who they truly believe is a threat,
or that the sentence would not have been long enough without the embellishment
Prices are now cut on my Trauma, Memory, & Law book (about the memory wars, false memory research, repression, blocked trauma, etc).
US:
UK:
Paperback was 14.99, now 9.99
Hardback was 24.99, now 19.99
eBook was 8.99, now 5.99
Our article urging UK universities to not embed the worst of critical social justice into policy and compelled speech is now available on ResearchGate:
I am so optimistic that free speech protections in academia will help some of my brilliant psychological science colleagues speak up about harmful treatments driven by pseudoscience.
I'm committing to a whole week of positive-only Tweets. (if I forget, remind me!)
First off, the Higher Education Act (2023) passing is a beautiful thing, and I'm grateful to the deep wisdom still held by many in the UK.
We will stay free.
The brilliant Dr Kevin Felstead wrote a brilliant book with his brother about their sisters false memory case
It is excellent narrative writing, & the true crime in this case is from psychology professionals towards an innocent family,
Antifragile hero
@Aja02537920
If anyone comes for your child it is never too late.
After taking a few years to figure it out, many parents going forward will eat the pseudoscientists alive.
Jane Wang et al. with a solid contribution:
"Participants who viewed themselves as victims created more false memories after receiving misinformation than those who witnessed the same crime as bystanders."
Well done to Matt Orchard
@RealMattOrchard
for putting many hours into creating this very watchable account of the Memory Wars. With footage I even have not seen before.
Anecdotal paragraph from Dr Kevin Felstead's new Memory & Injustice. Deeply moving and surely very relatable to many FASO members
And whoever knew a scientific book could be such a page-turner?
Also featuring
@lawrencepatihis
The impact of academia on society is quite remarkable.
When academia gets things wrong, that cynicism & misery eventually is passed on and makes DEI trainings in medium and big companies almost unbearable.
When academia gets it right, bridges are built, diseases are cured.
Their would be more police resources and prosecution resources available to convict real sex offenders,
if society reduced the number of false memory cases induced in therapy.
These resources would be freed up if such recovered memories were inadmissible for conviction.
3. When students or academics complain about an the words of an academic, simply tell them their speech is protected under the 2023 Higher Education Act. It is a quick 2 sentence email.
4. Carefully hire the best empiricists/rationalists available completely on merit. Be firm.
The battle between liberal academics and woke academics is one of the saddest things I have witnessed in academia. But the two sides are not equivalent.
1. Liberals in general do not make demands of their adversaries
2. Liberal academics are generally more accurate & fair to all
Is it possible you can reappraise a previous romantic date you were on?
and your emotions change about that date and person?
and your memories of emotion change as well?
Now on PsyArXiv preprint server, and under review in a journal:
One of my latest empirical articles, with my former student.
The Malleability of Memory of Emotion for First Dates
(submitted, under peer review)
If published, it may be a big deal-have a look to see what I mean.
Taking on the subject of repressed and false memories, and other iatrogenic therapies, seems to be more stressful now than it was perhaps in 2009.
The more psychologists that talk about and warn about iatrogenic therapies the less stressed individual academics will be.
My former advisor Dr Loftus is still going strong.
Here she talks about memory distortions in legal cases to Canadian lawyers
@NeubergerLaw
and
@crimlawyer01
We have a responsibility as academics to protect students from indoctrination.
Embedding indoctrination into policy is cowardly and will eventually backfire as students, parents, and employers realize what is happening.
Teach science in science departments.
What better that hear free speech lawyer
@glukianoff
of
@TheFIREorg
talk about his new book, w coauthor
@RIKKISCHLOTT
, called The Cancelling of the American Mind, here: