In 1986 Staeheli et al seminal MX1 paper noted re: IFN/ISGs “it is not known...how many of these proteins are required for protection against a particular virus”. 37 yrs later, Phd student
@mattbmcdoug
's new paper shines a light. 1/3
I am so excited my postdoctoral mentor Charlie Rice has received the Nobel Prize. A truly talented scientist and visionary in virology. What an honor and privilege to have spent 5 years in his lab.
BREAKING NEWS:
The 2020
#NobelPrize
in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded jointly to Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice “for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.”
If you’re a scientist and feel strongly about this, make sure you ask yourself “what am I doing to effect change?” Check out
@swingleft
if you haven’t already. Promote science by flipping The House in 2018.
"The Republican effort to financially punish graduate students is striking...If a nation is to produce quality scholars then we need to make sure higher level education is affordable to everyone."
#TrumpTaxScam
5 lingering COVID-19 questions:
1. Why do people respond so differently?
2. What’s the nature of immunity and how long does it last?
3. Has the virus developed any worrying mutations?
4. How well will a vaccine work?
5. What is the origin of the virus?
Well that was awful. Had a case of
#breakthrough
#COVID19
. Tested neg upon learning of exposure, but eventually symptomatic. Clinically “mild to moderate”, but experientially pretty miserable…posting more on that later. Just super grateful for vaccine! Happy to field questions.
Cloaked in mystery for decades, the RNA capping mechanism of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is unveiled.
Congrats to
@UTSWNews
colleague V.Tagliabracci & lead authors
@ginajpark
& A.Osinski for this amazing discovery.
@HHMINEWS
I’m all for SciComm, but the explosion of discussion on Twitter about virus evolution and viral variants has devolved into a complete shit show, largely because of non-experts with blue checkmarks & large followings tweeting/publishing hyperbolic speculations. Needs to stop!
It should be abundantly clear by now that we need a better arsenal of antiviral therapies to treat active viral disease. Billions of dollars should go into basic research and development of new ways to treat human viral disease.
I’ve dabbled in very amateur photography for years. This might be one of the best photos I’ve ever taken. Cave of Wonders, Dominican Republic. Taken 7/14/22
It's finally out! An updated review article -- "Interferon-Stimulated Genes: What Do They All Do?" A veritable tome on all things ISGs+virus. Topics covered:
What is an ISG?
How many ISGs are there?
How are antiviral ISGs identified?
What do ISGs do?
I’m keen to meet TX Gov. Greg Abbott today & present our work on viruses/immunity/SARS-CoV-2. Key points:
- Basic science is essential
- model/unpopular viruses teach us about the nastier ones
- COVID-19 is dangerous, hence the funny suits
-masks good, hydroxychloroquine... meh
Regardless of content, the title of my next manuscript submission is going to be:
“Single cell analysis of metabolome enriched microbiome after PD1 blockade of CRISPR modified cancer lacking Cryo-EM verified m6a methylation”
Gonna leave out “in mice”.
#sneaky
Now that more than 4700 high priority and other critical healthcare workers have received the vaccine at our institution, COVID laboratory researchers are eligible. 1st dose down, 2nd one in three weeks. Grateful and hopeful.
@UTSWNews
Wasn’t quite sure how I felt about virtual conferences. But it’s Sunday, I’m hunkered down in my office all day at
#cytokines2020
and used the coffee break earlier for some yoga. Win win! (This is padma mayurasana, or ‘lotus peacock pose’ for the yoga nerds).
So basically, humans are increasingly at risk for zoonotic disease because we are obsessed with invading ecosystems where we don’t belong. And then we blame the bats, etc. Ugh, we’re such an invasive, destructive species good at playing the victim card.
Lots of new folks to plus-strand RNA virology. Important to know that expressing viral proteins in isolation (esp. immune modulators) can reveal cool biology, but must be validated w/ real virus, which gives proper spatiotemporal viral gene expression and genome replication.
Our new study in
@NatureMicrobiol
-- A
#CRISPR
screen found this crazy potent antiviral protein called IFI6--it halts flavivirus replication at the ER. Congrats 1st author grad student
@scientistblake
, CRISPR guru Maikke Ohlson & others in lab.
Taking a detour from all things interferon to present work on a non-interferon based restriction factor. Postdoc
@Wenchun_Fan
discovered TRIM7 as a potent inhibitor of multiple human enteroviruses. Now out in
@CellPressNews
@UTSWNews
1/7
Grant review comment: “The PI is a young investigator w/ outstanding track record...”
Thank you so much, but if I may....
“The PI appears young, likely due to years of yoga and judicious use of moisturizer and sunscreen, but I digress, he is tenured and mid-career w/....”
Recently defended or about to finish your PhD? We have postdoc positions available to study host antiviral immunity. From molecular mechanisms to in vivo pathogenesis to comparative evolutionary approaches, there’s something for everyone.
Today marks 50 years since the Stonewall riots. So thankful my husband
@ChrisFerguson33
and I were able to visit the Stonewall Inn recently and reflect on the trailblazers who fought for our rights. We owe them a debt of gratitude.
#Stonewall50
Excited to share our lab’s latest paper, led by
@HannersNatasha
, showing that antiviral protein Shiftless inhibits flaviviruses in vitro (as shown by others) & using in vivo knockout model, it protects CNS from Zika infection and pathogenesis.
We made full length N gene RNAs for SARS-CoV-2 and MERS to help a clinical lab troubleshoot RT-PCR. Validated in homemade, non-optimized (and non-approved!) assay. Point is—RNAs available if needed, they’re NOT FDA-approved positive controls, just for troubleshooting or research.
Never thought we’d contribute to clinical trial for COVID-19, but here we are. With
@HeshamS70605263
team, we found FDA-approved drugs that curb SARS-CoV-2 in cells. Clinical trial pending approval. Study in Chemrxiv. Details in thread. 1/10
via
@figshare
Super cool antiviral mechanism of viperin revealed! Perspective: viperin discovered in 1997, antiviral activity in 2001, mechanism in 2018. The lesson: if your hot molecule is ‘scooped’, there may literally be decades of work left to do. Don’t fret!
Excellent article. Reads like the Significance section of my grants. Hopefully more answers coming soon.
How Do Bats Live With So Many Viruses? - The New York Times
Whoa! A sitting US Senator
@SenatorLeahy
tweeted what is basically the entire premise of my recent grant proposal to
@NIH_CommonFund
. Thank you Senator for bringing light to what is indeed an ‘urgent priority’.
Hundreds of thousands of viruses lying dormant in animals have potential to infect humans. Proactive efforts to ID these pathogens & reduce pandemic risk must be an urgent priority for the US and other governments. My
#CongressionalRecord
statement:
This unusual antiviral response gene, LY6E, actually helps certain RNA viruses enter cells, a conserved function from mouse to human...our new study. Congrats to first author grad student
@katrinabmar
!
@NatureComms
@UTSWNews
So glad another group has confirmed on Biorxiv (2020.04.02.021469) our original data showing LY6E inhibits SARS-CoV-2 + other coronaviruses--remarkably similar assays. Hopefully it was just a simple oversight not to include our study in their references.
Pfizer: 90%
Moderna: 94.5%
Pfizer: actually, 95%
Moderna: 95.1%???
Who’s efficacy is bigger? Will Pfizer stay in the lead? Can Moderna make up ground...perhaps in Maricopa County? Tune in tonight as Steve Kornacki brings us the latest.
NEW: Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine was found 95% effective in an updated study analysis. The company says it plans to file for FDA emergency use "within days."
Moms are great—concerned about my grants AND whether we’re going to work on new coronavirus.
Oh, and I think mouse coronavirus is an amazing model...just clarifying.
As an editor, I find it concerning when corresponding authors suggest their grad school or postdoc mentors as potential reviewers. It feels like 1) complete cluelessness to the process, or 2) trying to game the system. Either way, leaves a not-so-great impression.
Amazing talk on the fungal world by
@ACasadevall1
at our Molecular Microbiology retreat. My favorite intro comment: “Darwin had a huge data set and no mechanism—where would he publish today? This is a problem!”
You can take the scientist out of the lab but you can’t take the lab out of....oh whatever. My kitchen is my lab. Instead of viruses, it’s yeast and bacteria in sourdough starter...was obsessed long before the covid bread craze.
This paper deserves props. Here's why. RNA viruses like corona, flavi, and alpha must encode 3 capping enzymes-TPase, GTase, and MTase. For coronavirus, the GTase has (surprisingly) been a mystery for years. Authors show nsp12 is the missing GTase...wow!
Off to
@GordonConf
‘Molecular Membrane Biology’. Super excited for my poster. Also pretty jazzed about this new coffee travel gear: Aeropress, burr manual grinder, CeramiSteel mug, and get this...a silicone collapsible electric kettle! This coffee thing is getting ridiculous.
“SARS-CoV-2-entry virus” has got to be one of the most misleading terms I’ve seen yet.
It’s called:
Vesicular 👏 stomatitis 👏 virus 👏
(thathappenstobepseudotypedwiththespikeproteinfromsarscov2)
New NIH grant review criteria starting Jan ‘25. 5 criteria reduced to 3, with study section no longer assessing several admin docs. Seems to be a positive change.
Here' my "n=1 / anecdote / was clearly bored" symptom diary of my
#breakthrough
#COVID19
case. And a short thread on things I found interesting about the disease process. (1/n)
Well that was awful. Had a case of
#breakthrough
#COVID19
. Tested neg upon learning of exposure, but eventually symptomatic. Clinically “mild to moderate”, but experientially pretty miserable…posting more on that later. Just super grateful for vaccine! Happy to field questions.
👀Check it out! Our new study by
@katrinabmar
& co., using a panel of KO mice to show antiviral protein LY6E restricts coronavirus in multiple cell types (murine coronavirus) and in lung secretory/ciliated cells (SARS-CoV-2), limiting disease severity. 1/3
A fantastic retrospective on 4 decades of coronavirus research by
@weisssr
. We stumbled into coronavirus work just 2 years ago, and many others are also new to the field with COVID-19. Nice to have the historical highlights laid out for us.
I love seeing trainees share their very 1st pubs. Mine was 20 years ago this week, which makes me feel like a relic. But I still remember the sheer excitement and disbelief that a low income 1st-gen college kid got published. Keep sharing your stories!
It’s a good day when your post-doc mentor is in town and gives a seminar that is not only scientifically engaging and thought provoking, but also inspiring. Thanks Charlie Rice!
We have an opening for PhD-level Scientist to lead independent and collaborative BSL2 & BSL3 studies on virus-host interactions in vivo (viruses: flavi, alpha, corona, & flu).
Also open to discuss traditional academic postdoc opportunities.
Job Details
Amazing talk by my colleague and good friend
@jkpfeiff
at the
@UTSWNews
University Lecture Series. Pretty much a master class in how to give a prestigious seminar to trainees, colleagues, chairs, deans, academy members, and Nobel laureates...all of whom were in attendance.
I have to say, I love seeing all the coronavirus experts chiming in with their understanding about this new virus in China. Watching this unfold in real time is kinda riveting.
Well this is unexpected. Rather than a protein substrate, bacterial modification by ubiquitin occurs on LPS, triggering antibacterial pathways. The responsible E3 ligase is RNF213, which, though not mentioned much in paper, is highly interferon inducible.
Congrats to
@_iboys
, the recipient of the 2021 Nominata Award, the highest honor for academic and research accomplishment given by the
@UTSWNews
graduate school to an advanced graduate student. Great job Ian!
🎉 Today we're thrilled to announce our 2023
#HannaGrayFellows
! Please join us in welcoming and celebrating these outstanding early career scientists!
Learn more:
A tour de force analysis of RNA virus dynamics at single virus resolution. Emerging theme: similar to flaviviruses, interferon suppresion of enterovirus is dominated by ISGs that target viral RNA replication, but not so much earlier stages of viral cycle.
Y’all...it’s out! 👀👇
@katrinabmar
&
@StephaniePfaen1
study on human LY6E inhibiting many coronaviruses, incl. SARS-CoV-2, and mouse Ly6e modulating immunity to mouse coronavirus. Congrats to all authors, what a great collab with
@ProfVolkerThiel
and Charlie Rice labs.
Stoked to report in
@nature
the discovery of prokaryotic viperins, which naturally produce diverse anti-viral molecules !
After providing us with antibiotics, bacteria might become sources of novel anti-viral drugs. (1/9)
Congrats to grad student, now Dr!!!,
@katrinabmar
for successfully defending her PhD dissertation today. Celebrating with skull cake and rosé...The future of viral immunology is bright!
Postdoc position(s) available in the area of antiviral innate immunity and virus-host interactions--funded by NIH and The Clayton Foundation. Details in
@jobRxiv
listing below.
From eLife's peer review expt: "The most concerning result in the trial so far is that late-career last researchers appear to be more successful than their early- and mid-career colleagues in passing the initial evaluation into peer review." It's called BIAS!
I don't understand people who can't simply send a "decline" when asked to peer review rather than ignore the request. In fact, I'd even prefer a "NO, f&*k off, I hate you, stop emailing me." At least that way I'd know it's a legit decline.
Thanks for your great work
@cziscience
. Don’t forget the viruses. Nearly 200 different viruses can cause disease in humans. There are no effective ways to treat more than 90-95% of them. Would be amazing to have an RFA on that.
There are no effective ways to cure, prevent or treat most neurodegenerative diseases like
#Alzheimers
,
#Parkinsons
and
#ALS
. Our new RFA aims to help change that
Driving to airport: “I will not buy junky airport food...egg whites and almonds only!”
10 minutes past security: “Hi, can I have a blueberry muffin? Actually no, make it chocolate chip.”
Similar story. When I got to grad school, a pretty famous Prof told us students that we were ‘junior colleagues’ learning from and training with ‘senior colleagues’. I’ll never forget that…it was welcoming and really dialed down the intimidation I felt being around PIs.
Congratulations Dr. Boys for a rigorous and scholarly private defense yesterday, followed by an fun and informative public presentation of your work today. Onward and upward!
@_iboys
If you haven’t checked out the fantastic story on OAS1 as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 and a determinant of severe COVID-19, please do. Tour de force by
@virologist_atu
@SamJWilsonPhD
and co. now out in
@ScienceMagazine
and my Perspective linked below. 👇
I am deeply saddened by the loss of colleague Beth Levine, who inspired me from the first time we met at my recruitment to UTSW. She was deeply supportive of me and my trainees, a generosity on par with her world class science. I am humbled and grateful to have known her.
Beth was an inspiration, not only as one of the preeminent scientists in the world, but also for her humanity. She cared deeply for the success of her friends, colleagues & mentees. I cherish every memory of her & the lessons she imparted. May her memory be a blessing.
@UTSWNews
Our lab's
@mbiojournal
study using a new twist on a classic CRISPR screen to identify key ribosome biogenesis factors (SBDS and SPATA5) required for replication of diverse RNA and DNA viruses. Congrats to
@MaikkeO
et al!!
426 new human genomes from Africa, comprising 50 ethnolinguistic groups, reveal “62 previously unreported loci that are under strong selection, which were predominantly found in genes that are involved in viral immunity, DNA repair and metabolism”.
"I think the successful scientists are really doing it because they’re curious and they’re doing this because there’s nothing else we’d rather be doing."
- 2020 medicine laureate Charles Rice.
Read our interview with him:
Was excited to learn there are algorithms to find proline induced kinks in an alpha helix. Turns out google searching “kink finder” was a bit naive. Yikes...
Clarification for non-scientists: LY6E is a naturally occurring protein in humans (& all mammals in fact). We all have it and it may be one of the ways our bodies naturally fight the virus. Currently unclear if we can harness LY6E’s effects for treatment. More studies needed.
Still surprised by some of the PPE for SARS-CoV-2 I see. Trainees doing the work might want to ask their employers, PIs, and biosafety committees to provide HEPA/PAPR and head-to-toe Tyvek. N95+face shield+gown affords some protection, but there are safer setups.
Thank you
@LaVendrickS
for the accurate and sober report in
@Dallasnews
on our recent coronavirus study.
"Researchers at UT Southwestern have helped identify a human protein they say inhibits the coronavirus."
TRIM7 Act 2: Last year, postdoc
@Wenchun_Fan
published that TRIM7 is an antiviral protein that inhibits human enterviruses (PMID: 34062120). In an interesting twist, he now shows that that 3C protease from certain enteroviruses can cleave TRIM7. (1/4)
I think there's lots of people who still manually edit/update their clunky biosketches. Why? SciENcv is amazing....generates your bio and autopopulates references from NCBI. Check it out!