Gavan Tredoux @gtredoux Twitter profile

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Gavan Tredoux

6 months

1. Francis Galton invented a digital printing electric telegraph, explored the blank spots of Africa, wrote a best-selling book on the Art of Travel, and the instructions which accompanied Burton and Speke in search of the Nile.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

1. There is a common misconception, endlessly repeated today, that the communist fellow-travelers of the 1930s were naive well-intentioned people. That they were duped by the Soviets and fooled by Potemkin tours. If only they had been more careful! A leeetle more skeptical!

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

11 months

@nathancofnas But should he be comparing himself to Mancunians and Ugandans, or to other Americans? I suspect he doesn't give a toss about the former, and why should he?

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

Francis Galton at 200, in 25 tweets 1. On this day, Feb 16, in 1822, Francis Galton was born near Birmingham. He would become one of the most original scientists of all time, brimming with ideas and new ways of looking at the world, able to see what most others could not.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

9. In general the idea that the facts about the Gulag and the human carnage in the USSR were not known to the Western left is categorically false. In 1930 the Labour government actively worked to suppress information they were given, from myriad sources, including UK diplomats.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

7. Beatrice Webb's private diaries, now published, show that the Webbs were both well-aware of the grim reality. She wondered why her in-law Malcolm Muggeridge had been so dense as to actually write about what he saw in the USSR. What did he expect as a reward?

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

10. The Manchester Guardian, the New Statesman and others helped to cover it all up. Finland was bursting at the seams with prisoners who had escaped and given full details. British sailors loading timber in Russian ports had seen the Gulag in operation.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

9 months

@jonatanpallesen @buccocapital Next time you stub your toe on a stone, comfort yourself with the observation that your "Bayesian priors" inform you that stones are scarce, most space is empty, therefore it is extremely unlikely you just kicked one, so you are more than likely just imagining it all. Or you can

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

13. The University of London now organizes apology tours around its facilities for figures from the past some do not like (e.g. Flinders Petrie). But there is no mention of the Webbs in these bizarre rituals. Instead the LSE website writes cloyingly about their romance.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

12. That last argument takes some digesting. Note that the Webbs are buried in Westminster Abbey. Today one seldom hears about the small matter of laundering an internationally best-selling book on the behalf of a regime which murdered untold millions of people.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

14. One would think that the influence of the Fabians means that these topics have now been exhaustively studied. The opposite is true: radio silence. As Beatrice Webb told her diary about Muggeridge: why go digging into all that? What do you expect to find if you do?

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

11. First-hand memoirs about the Gulag had been published, in English, since 1926. The Metro-Vickers engineers, British subjects, had been arrested and tortured to confess to ludicrous sabotage charges. But the Webbs had no sympathy for them: if they didn't like it, why go there?

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

5. There is nothing "naive" in it. The Ukraine famine? Never existed. No facts known. Perhaps not ideal nutritional circumstances everywhere, but no system is perfect. Political persecution? Vastly exaggerated. And necessary where it exists. Lucky are those who enjoy it.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

8. But it is far far worse even than that. The Webbs passed their text to Ivan Maisky at the Soviet Embassy for "corrections". In reality, as a defector later testified to Congress, the text was improved at the Soviet foreign ministry back in Moscow. A laundering exercise.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 months

@EricRichards22 You haven't explained why anyone would want to go to either NY or LA in the first place.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

4. The book was still being celebrated in left-wing circles well into the 1950s. My own copy of the '36 edition, originally from the Cornell University Library, was exceptionally well-read. Probably not with much skepticism in leafy Ithaca. Reading it is sobering.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

2. Examples given include George Bernard Shaw and HG Wells, who certainly went on Potemkin tours of the USSR and made any number of dishonest remarks about the system they breezed through. This gets the history badly wrong. Intentionally so, because the reality stings far more.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

6. Hundreds and hundreds of pages go on like this. Now the idea that this two-volume malefecarium was the product of naivete was heavily promoted by David Caute in his influential The Fellow Travellers. Others followed (so much "history" is just copying and repetition).

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

3. The best way to see this is to consider the Webbs, Sydney and Beatrice, in more detail. In 1932 they produced a 2 volume panegyric to the USSR, The Soviet Union: a New Civilisation? It sold internationally in the tens of thousands, A second edition in 1936 dropped the "?".

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 years

You have to laugh. "The racist roots of the dog whistle" along with some irrelevant visual aids tacked on to make the association explicit. All this because Francis Galton invented it. A fair measure of the moronic state of "journalism" today.

Perspective | The racist roots of the dog whistle

Here’s how we came to label the coded language.

www.washingtonpost.com

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 months

@StevieOakley @hbdchick You left out the most popular one of all: 5. We lost Battle X (or Incident Y) and we intend to sing about it forever and ever, even though, especially because, we lost.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

7 months

@simongerman600 It completely omits centuries of slave trading by Arabs.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

@hholdenthorp @Nature The result of this flummery will ultimately be pulling of federal funding from outlets like yours, which (nakedly) base publication decisions on political ideology and taint the public trust in those findings which are published. Most science in the US is ultimately publicly

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

7 months

@realchrisrufo @realChrisBrunet This is the institution which merely rusticated Ted Kennedy for one year after he was caught paying a student to sit an exam for him. They will do exactly nothing about this. Gay has always been a professional race huckster and has been rewarded accordingly.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

Putting "misinformation" in context. Here is a the typical bookshelf on intelligence at a common bookstore. Almost every title is stuffed with nonsense, organized around the idea that the brain is some kind of muscle that can be made stronger if you try hard enough.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

@lesliedouglasx Russell was a decent human being despite all his foibles and nutty theories about free love. I also get the feeling that he would never wilfully and consciously lie. Ray Monk's biography has a very amusing description of his tour of China accompanied by an American beatnik who

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 years

@CBCOttawa Completely blindsided by this crippling ghetto for speech. Luckily I am grandfathered in, so I can turn a blind eye to its savagery. Feel sold down the river by its tribal thinking though. Etc.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

1. When RA Fisher published his now-classic "Statistical Methods for Research Workers" in 1925 it did not get a single good review. He was still a little-known statistician at Rothamsted, the experimental farm founded by a fertilizer magnate.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

@simongerman600 Avoiding a flight to South Africa is a more significant achievement right now.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

7 months

@rmcentush You need to get out more.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 months

Ada Lovelace is the gift that keeps giving. An essential tool in the Ada Industry is the conversion of banalities into supposedly profound insights. Thus when Ada learns about complex numbers for the first time, she remarks that, since they can be represented by pairs, how about

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

5. Now the first full-length biography of this quintessential Victorian to appear in the last hundred years, Francis Galton: a Lifetime of Exploration, is available on Amazon in print (hardcover and paperback) and kindle formats.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

Galton on the IQ of ancient Greeks. Galton's grades correspond to 10 IQ points. He estimated a two grade, or 20 IQ point, advantage using pretty rough methods. If the slaves are taken into account, that drops to 12 points. But were the slaves part of the breeding population?

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

@cremieuxrecueil In the Angolan civil war of recent years, magic water drops were regularly sprinkled to protect the anointed from bullets. Those who doubt it works need to show us an RCT.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

Nothing in human behavior makes sense except in the light of genetics.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

John Beddoe on Francis Galton, nature and nurture.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

In 1931 the Duchess of Atholl, MP wrote a detailed description (206 pages) of slave labour in the Soviet Union, not yet called the Gulag. It identifies all the features that would later define the system. She had published reports from camp escapees and refugees, and personal

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

25. All of Galton's work has been available at , since 1999. Including all his books and memoirs. I am working on a comprehensive new biography of Galton with a great deal of novel material. Many volumes have been drafted. It will be complete soon. /END

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

@lesliedouglasx Or just making a virtue of necessity.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 months

@pmarca You are really arguing that there is a massive opportunity, for outsiders who do not hire from the blob only, but that it is being squelched by government interference.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 months

1. Before voice, there was data & the Internet that might have been. In 1849 Francis Galton published a booklet describing his invention, The Telotype. It was an unrecognized breakthrough. Galton had figured out that electrical signals could be used to transmit data digitally.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

1. In 1900 Johann "Gregor" Mendel's 1865 paper on the laws of heredity in garden peas was rediscovered. In it the famous 3:1 ratio, segregation, independent assortment, and the concepts of dominant and recessive factors, now called genes, appeared. But it has problems.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 months

@daveyalba A throughly dishonest headline. Have you no shame?

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 years

Reading Spearman's 1904 paper on General Intelligence, the foundation of factor analysis, you slowly become aware that you are in the presence of that rarity, a genuinely first rate mind. Who spent his life between 19 and 34 in the army, under "the illusion that life is long".

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 months

@Steve_Sailer @charlesmurray Au contraire, correlation was not an easy concept. Easy math, but the conceptual leap is the difficult part, not the math. Three full years elapsed between regression being formally defined by Galton in 1885 and correlation emerging, again thanks to Galton, in 1888. The leading

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

@IvanMihalkov @AndreiTarnea @SamRamani2 @michaeldweiss Not to mention the Spanish gold reserve, one of the largest in the world at the time. Never returned.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

@SwipeWright @compactmag_ Slavoj Žižek has said something false? Say it ain't so.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 months

@JonathanTurley Conspiracy to deny civil rights.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

10 months

@constans SJ Taylor wrote a good biography of Duranty, a pure cynic, in it for the money and status. The Webbs, Shaw, Wells etc were happy to see violent means applied toward their ends. If "kulaks" had to be deported, shot, and worked to death, priests disembowelled etc, it was worth

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

1. R.A. Fisher was a twin. His larger brother was stillborn, he was the puny one who survived. His uncle was a decent Wrangler at Cambridge. After excelling at Cambridge, Fisher struggled to find work, and considered farming. Between ages 23 and 30 he had no academic position.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

19. Galton worked out the mathematical formulation which relates "regression to the mean" to preservation of population variance. By dividing regression slopes by variances, he invented correlation. This gives a single measure of the strength of a relationship that is unit free.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

9 months

Larry Summers and Steven Pinker suddenly discovering that Harvard celebrates political violence and terrorism is like Claude Rains discovering gambling in the Cafes of Casablanca. Franz Fanon, who advocates cathartic murder of "colonials" has been openly taught and celebrated

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

In 1911, Francis Galton left 60,000 pounds, or 6.5 million in 2017 money, to University College London. Today they would rather not know his name.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

@IonaItalia As Isaiah Berlin put it, you are accusing me of being a fellow traveler of a fellow traveler of a fellow traveler.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 months

@erikphoel Jeez Louise, GWAS data for "musical ability" is pathetic, in part because there is no easy way to measure or even define "musical ability", though, like pornography, we all know what it is. So "funny results" are what you expect.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

3. Oh, and formulating the most successful statistical methods ever used, regression and correlation (not to mention branching processes). Or naming the normal distribution.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

There is essentially no inanity that the woke mob are not capable of. Oppenheimer was a concealed member of the Communist Party and lied about it repeatedly under oath. Yes, there are documents.

Energy Dept vacates 1950s decision revoking security clearance for ‘father of the atomic bomb’ J....

The Biden administration is vacating a decades-old decision to revoke the security clearance of World War II-era scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer, who is known today as the “father of the atomic bom…

thehill.com

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

4. Yet Charles Darwin's cousin Francis Galton (1822-1911) is little-known today, increasingly buried under the castings of earthworms. They pile higher and deeper every day. The Galton Society (London) has even renamed itself to something more earthy.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 months

@holland_tom Took these in 2014 from the rear window See .

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

11 months

We learn of "cultural attitudes" which persist through emigration, then persist in the new host, even for *centuries*. Seems learned behavior goes along for the ride, and isn't actually learned by just anyone. Ideas walk on feet. CD Darlington figured this out in the 1950s.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

2. That's when he wasn't inventing scientific fingerprinting and modern weather maps, discovering the anti-cyclone, founding the scientific study of differential psychology, human heredity and behavior genetics (Hereditary Genius) ...

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

1. Francis Galton supposed that brain size was related to intelligence. He had to use external head measurements as a proxy for brain size among the living. He started out by taking hat sizes of eminent scientists, for his work on English Men of Science(1874)

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

@charlesmurray Ahem, it is trigonometers.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 months

@soldni Nobody should be ashamed? Something went wrong? A little? Zounds. Shoelaces sticking out.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 years

The first known regression, 1873. Francis Galton has regressed head circumf. of English Men of Science on height, sketching the tell-tale ellipsoid form in the bivariate Normal, along with the marginal Normals (his name). A regression line is shown. Ntbk. "Special Peculiarities".

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

@kvitkanadiia @Roger_Moorhouse If you cannot respect the laws of the country hosting you, which absolutely permits free speech about these issues, then maybe you should consider leaving. Turning this into "I feel unsafe" is classic cancel culture subterfuge.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

RA Fisher discovers memes in 1912. But he had more important things to do. The Rev. Dawkins would pick up the crumbs much later.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

7 months

@sc_cath Nonsense. If you quote, giving quotation marks is standard practice, and not just in academic work, in any intellectually respectable work. Absolutely minimal standards. And Harvard's own guidelines state that of course.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

9 months

@buccocapital This is partly accurate, for SBF himself. If >all you know< about a writer is that he is human, then a superset of humans is more likely to reveal the greatest writer. All that SBF knows here is that the greatest writer must be human. He won't get a Bayesian calculation though

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

5 months

1. Ada Lovelace realism continued. Dorothy Stein, a 1985 biographer, concluded that Byron's daughter had essentially no mathematical ability. A simple algebraic problem (substitute, simplify) baffled her for a week, then she gave up. She had been at math for ten years by then.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

Hans Eyenck recalls a BBC "debate" on IQ that he once took part in.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

9 days

On the death of Stalin in 1953, the BBC invited Bertrand Russell, then at the height of his public renown, to record his thoughts. Since Russell was highly critical of the old bank robber turned mass murderer, they simply canned it. The segment was never broadcast.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

11 months

1. In 1948, Jerzy Gliksman published Tell the West, one of the very best Gulag memoirs. Sadly it has long been out of print, though there is an inferior epub littered with OCR errors. See the pdf of the original here

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 months

@Steve_Sailer @espiers This is far too understated. Ada had no useful ideas about computers, theoretical or otherwise. Such ideas as she had came from Babbage.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

@SwipeWright Sharks can grow new teeth. Therefore nobody needs to go to the dentist.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

@triplebankshot @RogerPielkeJr @NateSilver538 Makes sense now that you raise it. There is no real academic "misinformation" discipline. It is obviously made-up, a self-descriptive term.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

18. Later, human height data from father-son relationships. confirmed the "reversion" he had noticed with the pea sizes, but also showed that population variance stayed fixed. Successive generations did not exponentiate giants and dwarves.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

14. In 1875 Galton used a circular to collect extensive data about twins to shed more light on nature vs. nurture. The data suggested that identical twins did not become unlike, and that non-identical twins did not become alike. Together this implied that nature was dominant.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

@Exen @Roger_Moorhouse @Kasparov63 They French have so much experience at it, they are now offering surrender-as-a-service. They will surrender for you.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

In 1881 Francis Galton presented an "isochronic passage chart" before the British Association's annual meeting. This shows you how many days of travel a Londoner was then from global locations, using a neat colour coding.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

6. The first volume Francis Galton's Nature and Nurture: 1822-1865 investigates his origins and formative explorations in South-West Africa. There is a wealth of new material on his ancestry, upbringing and early crises.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 months

@BrandonWarmke @hbdchick The abstract is so good, the paper would only spoil the experience.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

13. Galton was well aware that nurture needed to be understood in concert with nature. English Men of Science (1874) investigated both for the cream of British science. He concluded that nature predominated where differences of nurture were not extreme.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

Hereditarian Genius, the volume, she is complete. Proofing aside.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

11. In 1864 Galton became interested in ethnography, which led him to study pedigrees, after noticing that talent seemed to run in families. 1865 saw him publish an article on Hereditary Talent and Character, founding what is known today as "behavior genetics".

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

20. Mental ability was tested in his Anthropometric Labs (1884-1895): head size, reaction time and sense discrimination. Binet's IQ tests soon crowded out these techniques until they were revived 100 years later. Correctly measured, they correlate well with IQ.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

12. A severe recurrence of his "regular breakdown" in 1866 shelved work until 1869, when Galton published Hereditary Genius. This applied the normal distribution to mental ability, established that talent ran in families, and proposed adoption data to augment pedigree analysis.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

Francis Galton on Mars. Galton constructed a science-fiction-like story about communication between Earth and Martians by means of sun signals. He described a means for bootstrapping information transfer. The story includes entertaining details about the Martians, who are

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

17. Galton also tried to determine the laws of heredity. In 1877 he experimented with growing peas and measuring their seed sizes. He observed "reversion to the mean". Larger than avg. seeds tended to produce seeds closer to avg. Smaller than avg. tended to produce close to avg.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

1. In 1938 EM Forster wrote that "If I had to choose between betraying my country and betraying my friend I hope I should have the guts to betray my country" (Two Cheers for Democracy). He lacked imagination. The noted geneticist JBS Haldane realized that he could betray both.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

3. The Galtons had made a Birmingham fortune in guns & banking. Francis inherited enough money to set up as a scientific gentleman of independent means and pursue his own interests. So did his cousin Charles Darwin, who had his physician-father's money & no need to earn.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

@Sander_vdLinden @ItoIian Was "problematic"? Weasel words redolent of bad faith.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

@curiouswavefn @whyvert Apparently if someone said something obviously wrong, von Neumann would just change the subject. Good rule. Hard to stick to.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

@jonatanpallesen Not being a political scientist decreases your likelihood of being mistaken.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

3 months

@DurhamWASP In a way that's a glorious success story. Private Eye stopped being funny in the early 80s. Hislop is now a colossal bore of the David Attenborough kind.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

1 year

EO Wilson on race, 2019. Original, but not deep. He "proves" the exact opposite of his stated conclusion. If traits are clines varying independently East-West (say fat to thin) and North-South (say tall to short) then if relatively endogamous groups are not randomly distributed

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

7. The second volume, Francis Galton's Genius: 1865-1911, deals with the mature phase of his career: behavior genetics, differential psychology, fingerprinting, statistics, evolution and eugenics.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

2 years

21. In 1888 Galton branched off into the study of fingerprints for identification. He was key in establishing the scientific basis for their use, showing that minutiae produce patterns highly unlikely to be duplicated by chance, and that the minutiae config. persists unchanged.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

6 months

9. Thus we see that Galton was in fact, like the rest of the Darwinians, a Liberal Unionist. That he did not believe in eternal regression to the mean, that he really did construct multi-stage quincunxes, that he had very modern views on race, and much much more.

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Gavan Tredoux

@gtredoux

4 years

Essential reading

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