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Gareth Roberts Profile
Gareth Roberts

@garicgymro

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Welsh linguist in Philadelphia. I grow languages in the lab. Opinions my own. He. Ieithydd o Gymro yn Philadelphia. Tyfaf ieithoedd yn y lab. Barnau fy hun. Fo.

Philadelphia, PA
Joined November 2009
Don't wanna be here? Send us removal request.
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 months
This happened to me once: Immigration Officer: Where do you live? Me: Philadelphia. IO: How can you live there? Me: Oh, it's not so bad. The weather's better than the UK... IO: No. As a UK Citizen, how can you live there? Me: Oh, I see. I'm on an H1B. IO: There you go.
@ZahraHankir
Zahra Hankir
4 months
immigration officer to me at JFK today: Why do you live in America? me to immigration officer: Frankly that's a question I ask myself every day Immigration officer (straight face): No I don’t mean existentially, I’m asking what you do here in the United States me: oh
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 months
This reminds me of when I was a student waiting for a bus in Nottingham and a woman was getting off holding a baby and needing to get a folded pushchair out. I must have put my hands out as an offer to help, but instead of accepting help with the pushchair she handed me her baby.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 months
I think I've mentioned this before on here. I was an undergrad at the time. I sort of assume she was tired and not thinking very clearly, but she gave every impression that this felt like no big deal to her, which is how society *should* be!
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
A good tip is that you don't necessarily have to make the whole thing a high-stakes out-of-the-blue surprise. (In fact that has real downsides.)
@Copter_roflez
🍂Sad Scout Boi 🇻🇦🎃
1 month
Married dudes how did you find your wife’s ring size? Obtaining that intel incognito seems like a challenge that isn’t really talked about a whole lot from what I’ve seen.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 months
So many of us are no doubt kicking ourselves we didn't think of that
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
2 years
It is extremely common for nonlinguists to refer to languages as “ancient” or “the oldest language in Europe” or (as here) “one of the oldest languages in the world’. They should stop. 1/
@sankuperis
Saulė
2 years
How to ruin an article with the first sentence
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
8 months
This is one of those things that is common in many many places (including most of Britain and Ireland, among a number of other countries) but which people keep thinking is super specific to where they live
@redmondmichael1
Michael Redmond
8 months
People in Glasgow thank the bus driver when they're getting off the bus. I think it's a brilliant tradition and I don't think it exists anywhere else in Britain or Ireland...does it?
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 months
@olson8401 I think he was likely bored asking the same question all day and trying to liven it up by asking it in different ways
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
3 months
@AlexRoseGames @Helene_G_du_P_M Ask her how many legs a spider has. When I lived in Russia I was intrigued to discover it's not common knowledge there in the way it is in other countries I've lived.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
Even after living here for 13 years, I still get caught off guard by the difference in what "middle class" tends to imply in 🇺🇸 (ordinary working family, not especially well-off) versus 🇬🇧 (posh, high-earning).
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
9 months
If you spend much time online, or with extended family, over the holidays you’ll know that many non-linguists love being “pedantic” about language. 1/
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 months
The Latin name for Gaul was Gallia. These two names are unrelated. The name Galicia in Spain is not related to either. The name Galicia in Eastern Europe is unrelated to any of these. The word Gaelic is unrelated to any of the above words. This is not an April fool's joke.
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 months
@JackLynch000 The one that probably gets me the most is Latin Gallia and modern French Gaule
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
7 months
The man who named pi fathered the man who discovered PIE
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
7 months
Fun fact: William Jones, the Welsh farm boy from Llanfihangel Tre'r Beirdd who introduced the symbol π for 3.14159..., was the father of the William Jones who realised that Sanskrit, Latin, and Greek might all be related to each other, and to the Germanic and Celtic languages.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 months
@focusfronting Pretty much any narrative that identifies some group of humans as magically immune to the vices of other humans is doomed to age extremely badly (and is often genuinely dangerous)
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
8 months
Undergraduate institutions of British Prime Ministers since Churchill (who did not attend university): Oxford Oxford Oxford Oxford Oxford Oxford None Oxford None Oxford Edinburgh Oxford Oxford Oxford Oxford Oxford
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 months
When I talk to people outside academia they often ask me what the applications of my work are. I'm increasingly inclined to simply reject the question. Learning more about things and understanding things better are valuable in themselves.
@lottelydia
Dr Charlotte Lydia Riley
6 months
why would anybody be *shocked* by an £800k taxpayer-funded Shakespeare study? it’s Shakespeare?? the writer who we have collectively decided — for better or worse — is Britain’s greatest artist???
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Gareth Roberts
4 months
@Swilua It was very practical and rational—it was a good distribution of labour and the chances of me doing anything bad were very low. But I still don't think it's the choice most people would have made!
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
In my case we talked about the possibility beforehand and sized her finger and talked about ring tastes. Then I surprised her with the timing of the proposal and the ring itself.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
3 years
The hilarity of discovering that the English words for soffa, coffi, and car are just "sofa", "coffee", and "car" 😂
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
2 years
Academics don't get paid anything for their papers; in fact many journals charge the authors to publish. So if you pay money to a journal for a copy of a paper, the authors see 0% of it.
@OneRadChee
gryphoneer
2 years
YOU THERE. YES, YOU. WHAT'S A LITTLE-KNOWN FACT ABOUT YOUR PROFESSION THAT WOULD MAKE OTHER PEOPLE LOSE THEIR SHIT?
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Gareth Roberts
10 months
@em___rem Agreed. I try to actively emphasise to students that I don't need to know the details.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
7 months
Fun fact: William Jones, the Welsh farm boy from Llanfihangel Tre'r Beirdd who introduced the symbol π for 3.14159..., was the father of the William Jones who realised that Sanskrit, Latin, and Greek might all be related to each other, and to the Germanic and Celtic languages.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 months
This is, impressively, the opposite of true. Not only is English not a de jure official language of the UK, Welsh *is* de jure official in Wales.
@ARandomKaren
More Random Advice🦖(Dino Accredited)👑
7 months
@LouMiddleton10b @Primark English is the official language of the UK. There is no requirement to speak Welsh.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
7 months
This. People often imagine that languages spread widely because they're easy to learn or otherwise linguistically well suited to the task. In fact, such things are pretty much irrelevant. Languages spread by the military, economic, and cultural power of their speakers.
@sianharries_
Sian Harries - @sianharries.bsky.social
7 months
English is not an easy language to learn. The reason so many people speak it across the globe isn’t because of how easy it is, it’s because of olden days bullying and force
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
As a linguist, I can say: There are many things to be concerned about, but this isn't one of them. This is just Language doing what it does and what it has been doing since there's been Language.
@seanonolennon
Seán Ono Lennon
2 years
I’m noticing more people using ‘is’ when the noun is plural and they should be using ‘are.’ I guess it isn’t important but it just adds to my general feeling of dread over the state of things.
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
My favourite (somewhat but not entirely tongue-in-cheek) criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects: If you attempt to speak it and its speakers are impressed, it's a language. If you attempt to speak it and its speakers are offended, it's a dialect.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 years
@KTHopkins I went through Welsh-medium education. Now I'm an Ivy League professor forced to live in Trump's America while Britain makes one of the stupidest decisions of its history. I can't prove any of this is due to Welsh-medium education, but I'm not sure you're looking for proper data.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 years
The evidence for bilingualism having cognitive benefits beyond the ability to speak another language is very poor, but I'll tell you this: I've never ever met anyone who regretted being bilingual. I've met many people, however, who regret that they're not.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
But the romantic idea of secretly buying an expensive ring and using it to propose to someone who isn't expecting to be asked is not a great model for other reasons. You really don't want their answer—in either direction—to be influenced by the feeling of having been surprised!
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
9 months
So some people really seem to want "Welsh" to once have meant "foreign" or "foreigner”. However, that doesn't seem to be the case. 1/ 🧵
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
An alternative is to make the proposal a surprise but use a placeholder ring and then go and choose a ring together.
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Gareth Roberts
1 year
Worth perhaps adding that using a company's name as a verb is not in any way a nightmare for linguists
@esjesjesj
evan loves worf
1 year
Holy shit lmao
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Gareth Roberts
1 year
@christapeterso @name17861547 If you tip via an app, you are essentially giving money to the restaurant and hoping they redistribute it to the workers. So it may be that this is actually a tip button that acknowledges that. Or it's a trick.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 year
One of the most hilariously inept descriptions of Welsh I've seen
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
2 years
If you are at all involved in writing instructions for #BoardGames , please please do NOT refer to players who could be of any gender as "he". Just don't. This is depressingly common and there is absolutely no good reason for it.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 months
I similarly felt vaguely jealous for a little while of people who owned really big bath towels. Then I realised that the only difference between me and them was that they'd bought some really big bath towels.
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
6 months
Every so often my clothes wear out and I run low on things like socks, underwear, or pajama pants. It takes me slightly longer than it should do at this stage of my life to recall that I can quite easily buy new ones.
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Gareth Roberts
4 months
A nice example of both prosodic variation and the acquisition of prosody
@BeardedGenius
Nooruddean
4 months
I could tell you this is baby talk in a Scouse accent and it still won’t prepare you for it
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Gareth Roberts
4 years
We live next door to a Chinese couple who speak very little English. Their (4ish?) grandson is currently up a tree in their back yard doing a language exchange with my daughter (6;7) who is going to teach him how to say hello in Welsh if he tells her how to say it in Chinese.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 months
@loobah_l Like I say
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 months
@Swilua It was very practical and rational—it was a good distribution of labour and the chances of me doing anything bad were very low. But I still don't think it's the choice most people would have made!
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 years
@timmystonks @brokeazzbitch From Hugh David's (1997) On Queer Street: A Social History of British Homosexuality 1895–1995 (p. 285).
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Gareth Roberts
8 months
This is not a silly question. Given that plenty of languages do fine with even less gender marking than English (some languages don't even have any gendered pronouns), it's not obvious why some other languages have it, given that it presumably imposes at least some cost..
@morallawwithin
florence ☧
8 months
I don’t get how languages with grammatical gender even exist. Like why don’t people just start using the same one for every noun
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
3 months
@TomFitzJesus @rachelwilbury @Rollinintheseat You know Irish is a separate language that's still spoken in Ireland right?
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
4 years
@evolpebligh @maryhitchman I have a teach yourself Scottish Gaelic book somewhere in which the first dialogue involves a highlander telling you how crappy life is, before inviting you home, where at least he has whisky.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
3 months
@camruined A lot of people are slightly missing the point by saying that taxes can change within short distances. After all, shops tend to remain fairly stationary, and they have to calculate the tax at point of sale anyway, so the could put it on the price tag!
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Gareth Roberts
6 years
@B_Schmidt Maybe that's the real reason Susan didn't go back to Narnia...
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
@ceaubin I should probably clarify that I was referencing this!
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
If you ever do need to surprise someone completely with a ring, a straightforward option is to secretly borrow a ring they already own and take that with you to the jeweler. (Of course this only works if they already own rings that they often take off.)
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
8 months
English "much" is not related to Spanish "mucho". Latin "habere" (ancestor of French "avoir", Spanish "haber" etc.) is not related to German "haben" or English "have". Language is packed to the gills with astounding-seeming coincidences.
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
8 months
A fun (if in parts grisly) little article worth reading should you ever be tempted to believe that this or that work of literature contains deliberate anagrams concealing secret messages
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Gareth Roberts
6 months
Am I misinterpreting this reply or is it just a pretty unhelpful and mean-spirited response to a reasonable and genuine question?
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
People are often surprised to be told that language is changing all the time. But to recognise this you surely only have to listen to people speak in recordings that were made easily within the lifetimes of people around today.
@BBCArchive
BBC Archive
2 years
What sort of thing did Australians expect to find in England? 🌏 #OnThisDay 1961: Alan Whicker interviewed some Aussies just before they set sail from Melbourne to Essex.
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Gareth Roberts
4 months
Astonishing and infuriating how many people think that asking ChatGPT is a reliable way to get good-quality information. When various people pointed out that it's not, this person replied to suggest that the only alternative was to bother experts on Twitter with questions 🙄
@yvanspijk Hmmm. Here's something from chatgpt though. There's a possibility it may have PIE root.
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
@punished_cait Good diagram, except that it uses the problematic term "England" instead of Occupied East Wales.
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
It is interesting that Old English names are so deprecated in England. My impression is that the Norman Conquest just destroyed their social prestige so decisively that they never recovered. I'm curious if people who know more think that's right though.
@wylfcen
Wylfċen
9 months
It's dumb that some Anglo-Saxon names sound incredibly lame now. Egbert is Old English for ‘blade-bright’ (ecgberht), it was born by warriors and kings. Mildred meant ‘kind strength’ (mildþryþ). We’re gonna have to revive Old English for people to appreciate the names.
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
Your regular reminder that it is literally impossible to speak your language without an accent. It's like claiming your tongue doesn't have a colour or your foot doesn't have a size.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
9 months
If something is true of how most English speakers use the language, then that’s a fact about English; how could it be an error? On what basis could the minority form be more correct? 5/
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Gareth Roberts
1 month
@ceaubin I mean, were you calling it the Iliad?
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
This is actually a nice example of a widespread idea of how grammar works that's just... not well-founded. 1/
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
2 years
I was wondering if someone familiar with 🇺🇸 academia can help me understand something. My chair just told me that apparently I've been given ten year (sic) to associate [with?] a professor. Does this make sense to anyone?
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Gareth Roberts
3 months
Let's put this in simple terms: If your main language is English and you make fun of how another language is spelled and pronounced, you look like a dumbass
@yEvb0
Evan Bradley
3 months
Irish orthography is more shallow/transparent than English orthography
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Gareth Roberts
1 month
Tired of reemphasising points about "correctness" and "grammaticality" in language. So here are some fun linguistic facts: 1. Not all languages have tense 2. There are around 6000 languages in the world of which about 5% are sign languages 3. Most people are multilingual
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Gareth Roberts
1 month
A reminder that this is not a coherent statement. If there's a grammatical rule that English speakers tend to break, then it's not a rule of English. 🧵
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Gareth Roberts
2 months
@anne_theriault I feel like you might enjoy the flag of Meirionnydd, the region of Wales I grew up in
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
This is one of the biggest differences between how linguists think about language and how non-linguists tend to. And it’s a VERY familiar point. In fact it’s a feature of the first class in most introductory linguistics classes and the first chapter in most textbooks. 2/
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Gareth Roberts
5 years
Historically humans have often been wary of directly naming entities they're scared of or are wary of invoking. So they'll change the word in some way, or replace it with more innocuous word that (e.g.) starts with the same sound. This is called taboo deformation. (1/n)
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Gareth Roberts
1 month
Note that this doesn't mean there can't be a surprise involved! Just that it's not a good way to raise the subject of marriage.
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
In my case we talked about the possibility beforehand and sized her finger and talked about ring tastes. Then I surprised her with the timing of the proposal and the ring itself.
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
This is partly because it’s almost never clear what they mean by “oldest” and partly because—even if age if defined very precisely—it’s usually very hard to differentiate languages helpfully on this basis. 2/
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Gareth Roberts
1 year
Of the countries I've lived in, the US is easily the most welcoming to people not born there. But the flip side (and, really, driver) of this attitude is that many many Americans don't really fully understand the concept of *not* being American.
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
The issue can be exemplified quite well with the statement “Most speakers of English make this grammar error”. This claim is meaningful and plausible to many non-linguists but it's probably pretty much nonsensical to most linguists! 4/
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
@kukukadoo Sure, but is he even in want of a wife?
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
2 years
@MartinPilgrim1 By not eating your dinner off your own body you're falling for a classic trick of Big Soap
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
5 months
People are *so* bad at grasping that England and Britain aren't the same thing. Even in England.
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@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
8 months
One is tempted to conclude from the list that—if you want to be Prime Minister—you're better off not going to college at all than going to Cambridge.
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Gareth Roberts
6 months
Following this tradition, here are some pairs of words that do in fact have a common ancestor Eng. cow; Eng. bovine (from Latin bos) Eng. hemp; Eng. cannabis (from Greek κάνναβις) Eng. feather; Eng. pen (from Latin penna) Eng. two; Armenian երկու (erku)
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
3 years
I prefer to honour St April's Day by presenting real facts that look false. So here are some pairs of words that are NOT related. Eng. have; Fr. avoir "have" Fr. Gaule; Lat. Gallia "Gaul" Eng. comrade; Welsh cymrawd "fellow; comrade" Eng. much; Sp. mucho "much"
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Gareth Roberts
4 years
"Welsh doesn't have any vowels!" is possibly the most annoying language myth to counter for a Welsh linguist because, not only do you have to explain why it's false, you ideally also have to explain how a vowel isn't really best thought of as a kind of letter.
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Gareth Roberts
3 months
Because that's how you'd expect a word spelled like that to be pronounced in Irish. Other languages exist and they have different spelling systems. Grow up.
@Rollinintheseat
Lindsay
3 months
Why is everyone okay with the way “Siobhan” is pronounced?
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Gareth Roberts
7 months
So the man who named pi fathered the man who discovered PIE
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
It also follows that the minority form is no less correct. It’s not like we put this up for vote. A lot of people seem to think that, if there’s variation, one variant must be the best one. But that’s just not true. 6/
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Gareth Roberts
4 years
TIL that the Welsh-speaking population of the US (especially in PA and NY) was sufficiently large in 1860 that the Lincoln election campaign had 100,000 pamphlets published in Welsh.
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Gareth Roberts
3 years
This—as many other linguists (and non-linguists) have pointed out—is simply, straightforwardly, strikingly wrong. And to a great extent it's based on language myths that we try to dispel in introductory linguistics classes. 1/
@JoyceCarolOates
Joyce Carol Oates
3 years
"they" will not become a part of general usage, not for political reasons but because there would be no pronoun to distinguish between a singular subject ("they") & a plural subject ("they"). language seeks to communicate w/ clarity, not to obfuscate; that is its purpose.
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Gareth Roberts
1 month
If you're think that you can ask ChatGPT a question and rely on the answer being accurate, you don't understand what ChatGPT is.
@garicgymro
Gareth Roberts
1 month
So many people really don't understand what ChatGPT is
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Gareth Roberts
1 month
And yes yes yes, I know that well off people in the US consider themselves middle-class too. The point is what is implied by Harris promoting "her middle class roots". It doesn't mean she promoted her well-off comfortable background!
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
Anyone else garden-pathed by this headline?
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Gareth Roberts
1 month
So many people really don't understand what ChatGPT is
@BadMedicalTakes
Bad Medical Takes
1 month
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
It’s fine and normal for there just to be more than one way to say things. 7/
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Gareth Roberts
7 months
"If you was" is grammatical in a number of varieties of English, just not in the main standard varieties. Is there honestly any reason to feel this should have been written in one of the latter instead of what's presumably the native variety of the child and/or teacher?
@PrimaryCoHead
PrimaryCoHead
7 months
Props to nursery for the Mother’s Day card… but…
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Gareth Roberts
6 months
@StatisticUrban To be fair, we—strictly speaking—only know that it's never elected someone *openly* attracted to men.
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Gareth Roberts
4 years
It's long been a dream of mine to submit—under an assumed name—a paper or abstract to a language evolution outlet in which it becomes gradually clear (*gradually* mind you) that I've fundamentally misunderstood the distinction between pidgin and pigeon.
@complingy
Nathan Schneider
4 years
Heard an actual radio commercial trying to make a joke about communicating with pigeons via a language called..."Pige-Latin". FOLKS IF YOU FIND YOURSELVES IN THIS SITUATION ASK A LINGUIST FOR THE CORRECT PUN, BECAUSE PIGE-LATIN IS NOT IT
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
But offering unsolicited “corrections” on other people’s language when you don’t know that? If you’re not trying to be an ass then I have bad news for you... 25/25
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Gareth Roberts
4 months
@ajaydiv Was she just curious?!
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Gareth Roberts
5 years
Examples in textbooks for modern languages like Russian: Привет! Меня зовут Паша. Я студент из Ярославля. Я изучаю историю. Hi! My name's Pasha. I'm a student from Yaroslavl. I study history. Examples from textbooks for ancient languages like Middle Egyptian:
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
English and Welsh have a common ancestor that was spoken some six millennia ago on (most likely) the Pontic-Caspian steppe. So in this sense English and Welsh are exactly as old as each other. And their common ancestor, Proto-Indo-European, will have its own ancestors. 9/
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Gareth Roberts
2 months
I think there's an interesting point about language here. I assume "technically correct" means that we should put aside what people actually say and get down to the fundamental ground truth of how English actually is. But here's the thing: It doesn't exist. 1/
@JanMiklas01
Jan Miklaszewicz
2 months
Which is technically correct? (a) A great number of people was waiting. (b) A great number of people were waiting.
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Gareth Roberts
1 year
@lovedoveclarke @TexasTrashbag A good Dad who used the banana-like hat as bait to poach George from his habitat in the first book
@typesfast
Ryan Petersen
2 years
TIL in the very first book, The Man in the Yellow Hat was a poacher who kidnapped Curious George from the wilds of Africa then brought him back to his bachelor pad to smoke a pipe.
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Gareth Roberts
3 years
It's quite common to hear people say this sort of thing from time to time. To a linguist, however, it's like hearing people announce that poodles aren't animals.
@mjrowland68
Michael Rowland
3 years
Me too. ‘Gifting’ is not a real word. Don’t get me started on ‘medalled’..
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
So maybe just stop calling languages old unless you really really really know what you’re doing? 19/19
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Gareth Roberts
2 years
... the question of “how long this language and its ancestors have been spoken in this particular place” is quite different from the question of “how long the language has existed anywhere”! 7/
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Gareth Roberts
9 months
But a non-linguist friend asked me—somewhat tongue-in-cheek—to weigh in on it following a holiday argument they’d had, so I thought it might be worth saying something about it here for anyone who might appreciate a linguist’s thoughts on it. 3/
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Gareth Roberts
1 year
@mage_leader @gilestelscanvas Wait. Are you genuinely trying to suggest that describing... *checks notes*... Mary Renault, W. H. Auden, and E. M. Forster as non-straight is "retconning"? Have I got that right?
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Gareth Roberts
3 years
I prefer to honour St April's Day by presenting real facts that look false. So here are some pairs of words that are NOT related. Eng. have; Fr. avoir "have" Fr. Gaule; Lat. Gallia "Gaul" Eng. comrade; Welsh cymrawd "fellow; comrade" Eng. much; Sp. mucho "much"
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