MedChem
@Merckgroup
; drug discovery nerd in oncology, immunology & targeted protein degradation, soccer, politics or tapas can get into the way; my own views
Absolutely thrilled to see early clinical data for cKit inhibitor IDRx-42 (M4205), which was discovered in our MedChem labs
@merckgroup
in Darmstadt. If you are interested in its discovery story, check here:
#ASCO24
The IDRX-42 GIST story: yet another example of reverse translation of our in vivo work with patient-derived mouse xenografts in the Lab of Experimental Oncology at KU Leuven providing a rationale for a clinical application. See De Sutter et al DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-3822
This is in my eyes the most important annual paper for students preparing for a job interview in medicinal chemistry (or process chemistry): provides a great overview about representative drug structures, their targets & synthetic routes used.
@ACSBioMed
Nope, not Pd-free. This much has become clear by now. If the amine is synthesized as described, it contains lots of Pd. If synthesized w/o touching Pd, the coupling does not work. Thanks to Johannes Krieger in our MedChem labs for some detective work. Others will report more.
The amine-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling published in
@NatureCatalysis
has caused raised eyebrows. A truly Pd-free version of this important reaction? First results from our MedChem labs show good conversions. A broader assessment definitely justified:
One of my favorite annual publications in
@JMedChem
: the compendium of synthetic routes for recently approved drugs (written by current & former chemists
@pfizer
). A training guide for students & proof that drug discovery has left the flatlands
@JMedChem
We must not stop repeating this message: synthetic chemistry innovations are the basis for many breakthroughs in small (and sometimes less small) molecule drug discovery!
@ScienceMagazine
Next on stage at
@merck_de
Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Symposium Marlin Lemurell from
@AstraZeneca
presenting on advances of organic chemistry in drug discovery
Holy shit! Revolution Medicines’
#KRas
G12D inhibitor RMC-9805 covalently labels the oncogenic aspartate with a aziridine warhead making use of 9 (!) stereocenters to achieve potency, selectivity & stability. My thoughts & prayers are with the process chemistry team.
#AACR24
Big surprise at
#AACR21
: The structure of AR-degrading
#PROTAC
#ARV110
being disclosed and the winner is: Cereblon! And not even lenalidomide-based... but it carries a magic fluoride... WOW.
@ArvinasInc
@AACR
Finally I read this viewpoint in
@ACSMedChemLett
. I do not disagree that successfully crafting a total synthesis is a good medicinal chemisty training ground, but how the over-competitive culture in total synthesis groups has stiffled chemistry innovation can't be ignored. (1/x)
Credit where credit is due. Today’s azide-based click chemistry is based on pioneering studies done more than 60 years ago in the lab of Rolf Huisgen. The impact of innovative chemistry. Rolf Huisgen died in 2020 at the age of 99.
#NobelPrize
@angew_chem
New Year‘s greetings for
#chemtwitter
&
#ScienceTwitter
followers, published on Jan 1st 🤷🏼♂️: „Rules were made to be broken“. 25 years since the Rule-of-5 was proposed: What is the relevance for today‘s small molecule drug discovery?
@BayardHuck
@NatRevChem
The amine-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling published in
@NatureCatalysis
has caused raised eyebrows. A truly Pd-free version of this important reaction? First results from our MedChem labs show good conversions. A broader assessment definitely justified:
If you are as lost as I am in the onslaught of new publications about
#PROTACs
, here is your chance to regain some overview about what is happening: a really extensive review from the Rao group about the PROTAC target space. And it is free access!
#TPD
I know that a scientific presentation should not be reduced to design aspects. But I liked Tanja Gaich's exceptional slide design already many years ago when I saw her present for the first time. And I still enjoy it very much (and her science is spectacular as well)
#Irsee22
The mystery why
#BRD4
is so easily degradable by various
#PROTACs
seems to be solved: because it doesn’t need much to glue BRD4 to the E3 ligase
#DCAF16
. Stunning. I need to free up time today to read the 2 new papers
@biorxivpreprint
following the recent AbbVie paper
@ACSBioMed
!
A good read in Drug Discovery Today by colleagues
@AstraZeneca
: how is the changing landscape of targets (less ligandable, higher fraction of disordered regions) impacting approaches to identify small molecule hits. A lot is changing, for the better!
Innovative solutions are needed to deliver small molecule degraders specifically to diseased cells. Using degraders as ADC payloads is complicated. Introducing PROxAb shuttles, our plug-and-play solution to deliver unmodified
#PROTACs
#TPD
@biorxivpreprint
Thomas Hayhow
@AstraZeneca
about turning a SERD into a ER-PROTAC (making use of their deep understanding of ER biology). Sharing a landmark finding in PROTAC drug discovery: linker cleavage leading to a metabolite which outcompetes the degrader in vivo!
#EFMCISMC22
@EuroMedChem
What a beautiful piece of structure-based drug design: the discovery of
#KRasG12D
inhibitor
#MRTX1133
. You only have to look at the crystal structures to appreciate the craftmanship with which the inhibitor was designed into the three subpockets
@ACSBioMed
While I share the outrage about the Hudlicky „paper“, I don’t think that this wave of resignments helps. I see several names on the list below I would have rather hoped they would lead
@angew_chem
into a more open-minded, diversity-embracing future. Change happens from within.
More than 10 years ago the
@CarreiraGroup
joint forces with
@Roche
to make oxetanes popular in drug discovery. A new study by
@jamesabull
in
@NatureChemistry
now introduces a mild & versatile procedure for installing aryl oxetane amines as amide isosters:
Finally! Identifying palladium culprits in amine catalysis
@NatureCatalysis
. Twitter-mediated peer review works. Now we only need to speed up the process to get such findings into print. Kudos to
@bedcatalysis
for keeping us on track.
And it turns out to be a 1-2 punch for CRBN vs. VHL at
#AACR21
. Also ER-degrading
#PROTAC
#ARV471
is employing a cereblon binder to achieve efficient ER degradation in humans & shows promise for breast cancer patients. Sorry
@alessiociulli
, you lost your bet.
@ArvinasInc
@AACR
A study by
@genentech
with huge implications for
#TPD
&
#PROTAC
space (efficacy & safety): Induced degradation of certain proteins generates peptides which bind to & induce cIAP1 autodegradation, leading to caspase activation & cell death.
@biorxivpreprint
Impressive data shared by Ryan Potts
@Amgen
about how they QUALITY check previously unused E3 ligases for
#PROTAC
applications. Clearly showing how many more ligase are still out there to be highjacked for degrading disease causing proteins.
@Undruggable
#TPD21
How to get to orally efficacious VHL-based
#PROTACs
? Redesign your target binder for optimal potency & permeability, make your degrader fast & efficient, strategically place a methyl to collapse the double-headed beast
@alessiociulli
@Boehringer
@ChemRxiv
What a 10 minutes
#Ras
session opening lecture by
@kevansf
at
#AACR22
! Targeting
#KRasG12S
with lactone warheads providing a first set of cellularly active & selective probes. Another door in Ras targeting now opened.
Here we go again. After supposedly having had the potential to cure pancreatic cancer and Alzheimer’s disease (it didn’t), masitinib now becomes the new wonder drug to treat Covid patients. My recommendation: google “Shoichet”, “Science mag” and “phospholipidosis”...
A repurposing screen identified the orally available drug masitinib as a broad antiviral that inhibits the main proteases of corona- and picornaviruses, and that effectively reduced
#SARSCoV2
replication in mice.
@UChicago
Input needed for a lecture/perspective paper: what are the most important approved or advanced clinical stage beyond-Rule-of-5 oral drugs? With respect to clinical impact or overcome discovery challenges.
@Dereklowe
@D_B_McConnell
@drughuntersite
@med_chemist
An excellent perspective by authors from
@AstraZeneca
about fragment-based approaches to identify ligands for E3 ligases. Of especially high relevance for the field of targeted protein degradation (
#TPD
).
@ACSBioMed
A small molecule on the cover of Science! What a Christmas present. Plus it’s not often that I know the first author (Dafydd Owen) and can say that it’s so deserving to see this success. A great & humble scientist. Drug discovery at its best.
We don’t often put small molecules on the cover of
@ScienceMagazine
but the paxlovid development story (handled with inspiring acumen by
@ValdaVinson
) is medchem at its sterling best. Congrats and thanks to the whole Pfizer team on their exceptional work!
Targeted protein degradation (TPD) continues to be the area of drug discovery research with the highest innovation speed. Pharma-Biotech partnerships are more and more at the core of this innovation. Especially for addressing some of the emerging
#TPD
challenges.
@merckgroup
The sky is the limit for NCE drug discovery: Jim Cregg (Revolution Medicines) finally raising the curtain for
#KRasG12C
(On) tricomplex covalent inhibitor
#RMC6291
at
#AACR23
. „Simple is the new stupid“ (Barry M. Trost). My hat is off for this masterpiece of medicinal chemistry🥇
One impressive aspect of the
@genentech
study about directly hijacking the 26S proteasome for targeted protein degradation, is the way the PSMD2 ligand was identified. Here is the pioneering study about mRNA display selection back from 2001:
#TPD
#PROTACs
Difference between academia and industry: academic colleagues see picture and start telling stories about when they brought their young ones to the lab. Industry guy sees picture and wants to invite everybody to an ad hoc lab safety training.
Another exceptionally helpful compilation from the Njardarson lab: beyond-Rule-of-5 oral drugs. . The top spots dominated by natural product-derived drugs & antivirals. The first fully synthetic non-antiviral on place 14: Bcl2 inhibitor venetoclax.
Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) is changing the way how we think about small molecules in drug discovery. The first rationally designed degraders have reached clinical studies. By the end of 2021 I will not be able to still fit them on one slide.
#TPDEurope
@HansonWade
Now online: „No shortcuts to SARS-CoV-2 antivirals.“ How scientific diligence is a prerequisite to identify high quality antiviral drug candidates. Written together with the one and only
@aledmedwards
.
@ScienceMagazine
Small molecule drug discovery was never more exciting than today. And medicinal chemistry is were the real fun happens. We now have two openings in our MedChem department in Germany:
. Join our team of drug hunters
@merckgroup
.
Happy Thanksgiving,
#PROTAC
-aficionados! How to achieve in vivo efficacy with a picomolar degrader which has no oral bioavailability & zero solubility? Introducing PROTAC-ADCs. So far hidden in a 2017 patent
@genentech
, now out in
@ChemMedChem
. Exciting!
One of the remaining fundamental questions in targeted protein degradation space: what is the physiological function of Cereblon. The curtain starts to rise: The E3 ligase adapter cereblon targets the C-terminal cyclic imide degron | Nature
A new case study about deep learning in drug discovery
@NatureBiotech
: in 7 weeks to potent, cell active & lead-like DDR1 inhibitors: . Caveat: Using AI for such a target is like using Google Maps for locating Times Square. But you need to start somewhere.
Gwenn Hansen
@Nurix_Tx
about their experience how to achieve CNS penetration with
#PROTACs
: supporting the now well accepted view that molecular weight is not what MedChems should lose sleep about & that in vivo PK screening is still required to identify CNS penetrant degraders.
So many beautiful new small molecule drugs approved in 2018. Can somebody call all those business consultants who keep reiterating that the future of drug discovery is all about cell & gene therapies...
@cenmag
@lisamjarvis
In my opinion Carolyn Bertozzi deserves this prize twice. For her scientific contributions which are already more than enough to get the Nobel Prize. But as much for her being a role model for a cultural change in the academic chemistry community.
Carolyn Bertozzi – awarded the 2022
#NobelPrize
in Chemistry – has taken click chemistry to a new dimension and started utilising it in living organisms. Her bioorthogonal reactions take place without disrupting the normal chemistry of the cell.
This brings me back to the days of my own PhD thesis: Such an innocent looking macrodiolide, but the devil is lurking in the details. Impressive SAR studies by the Nicolaou group led by Johannes Krieger (now in MedChem
@MerckHealthcare
💪).
@J_A_C_S
Ubiquitin transfer is the so far least studied step in targeted protein degradation. In a new study by
@Amgen
&
@promega
modelling of the whole E3-PoI-E2-Ub assembly allows to rationalize relative degradation efficiency & to predict ubiquitination sites
Fantastic talk by Elisia Villemure
@genentech
on how to turn BRM/BRG (SMARCA2/4) bromodomain inhibitors into monovalent degraders by generating & screening a small library of derivatives. This time it’s not DCAF16 doing the job but E3 ligase FBXO22 (CRL1 complex)
#AACR24
#TPD
#KRasG12C
drug discovery case studies never get boring - even if you have heard the story before. So many nice vignettes of great drug hunter work which went into bringing
#sotorasib
into clinical studies & ultimately onto the market. Thanks to Brian Lanman
@Amgen
@GDCh_aktuell
Chemical
#probes
are important tools for validating drug targets. Covalent inhibitors & molecular degraders are expanding the druggable space. We now propose quality criteria for covalent & degrader probes:
@ACSBioMed
@Chemical_probes
@thesgconline
#TPD
Very cool: our perspective on quality criteria for covalent and degrader chemical probes is today‘s ACS Editors‘ Choice! This also means the article will be open access for the next 6 months!
@ACSBioMed
@AACR
@thesgconline
@Chemical_probes
#PROTACs
are sometimes described as double-headed beasts (giving drug hunters PK-headaches). Turns out they are chameleons. Or they should better be designed that way to achieve high passive permeability & cell activity.
@DuyNguyen_Bayer
@ACSBioMed
The plot thickens regarding the structure of IRAK4 PROTAC KT-474
@KymeraTx
. 2 patents disclosing deuterated, crystalline & salt forms of a single PROTAC. Comprising a non-conventional CRBN binder the chemists at Kymera seem to like a lot. More common NH-linked IMiD in KT-413?
A new poster from Jón Njardarson’s group
@UAresearch
: Top 200 Small Molecules in 2018. Diverse flavors of
#SMOLs
represented by 2 reversible FXa inhibitors, a glue and an irreversible BTK inhibitor leading the pack. But also surprising simplicity in Top10
The
#PROTAC
community will be sitting in front of their computers on April 11th 2 pm EST. In back-to-back presentations
@ArvinasInc
will disclose the chemical structures of
#ARV110
&
#ARV471
along with a clinical update. Let's see who got both of them right.
@AACR
#AACR2021
I have only now realized that the structure of FHD-609 has been disclosed
@foghorntx
. A dual BRD7/9 bromodomain binder, a H bond donor-free spirocylic linker & a lenalidomide-type CRBN engager provide a BRD9-selective
#PROTAC
free of molecular glue activity. Dosed iv in Ph1.
AR-PROTAC BMS-986365 is a potent & rapid AR degrader with enzalutamide-like antagonist potency, low AR agonism, weak activity against AR L702H, claimed to be selective against CRBN neosubstrates (data not shown) & allows to overcome AR feedback up-regulation.
#AACR24
#TPD
Introducing ARV-393: an ultra-potent & rapid
#PROTAC
degrader of BCL6 with consistent PK properties across species. Of note, a PROTAC with an occupancy-drug-like PK profile to overcome fast protein synthesis rebound. Neosubstrate selectivity: “clean enough to progress”
#AACR24
Takeyuki Nagashima
@AstellasUS
was tight-lipped (understandably) when asked for more details about
#KRasG12D
degrader
#ASP3082
. The data he shared were still highly interesting & form a milestone in therapeutically targeting yet another
#KRas
oncogene.
#AACR23
#TPD
#PROTACs
Strong data set disclosed by Steven Sparks
@ArvinasInc
at
#TPD23
showing degradation of brain
#LRRK2
by an orally dosed
#PROTAC
in non-human primates. Another frontier in the
#TPD
space about to be overcome! Disease-causing proteins in neurological diseases now in scope!
Impressive talk by Norbert Kraut
@Boehringer
at
#AACR21
showcasing their multi-pronged approach to tackle the different oncogene versions of
#KRas
. The power of collaborations between bright minds & as a special treat the first X-Ray for a KRas-PROTAC ternary complex (VHL)
To increase productivity, you need to speed up your slowest process step. In drug discovery identifying hits is such a bottleneck. Chemical Space Docking may provide an efficient way to screen vast chemical spaces in silico.
#AIDD
@genentech
@biosolveit
This is an excellent graphic
@CrisMayorRuiz
summarizing approaches for the identification of molecular glue degraders: from completely serendipitous to target & ligase focused (including VHL examples only shown so far at conferences).
@ChemSocRev
#TPD
My colleague
@MarcelRieker2
@merckgroup
about bringing together two exciting areas of drug discovery: protein degraders & antibody-drug conjugates. Delivering degraders to diseased cells in (very) complicated ways and in potentially more simple ones.
#TPD
#ADC
#AACR24
The last scientific symposium at
#AACR24
opened by
@pottslab
with a highly educational talk about non-degrading molecular glues targeting
#KIF18a
or
#PRMT5
. Shifting the drug discovery paradigm towards reducing metabolite/protein-protein interaction off-rates to block function.
One of my must-read papers in J. Med. Chem.
@ACSBioMed
is the annual compilation of fragment-to-lead cases. The 2021 edition comprises 28 entries, several for difficult-to-drug targets. For kinases fragments can provide an entry into structure-based design
Impressive presentation by Chris de Savi
@Kymera
at today's ligase targeting conference
@Undruggable
. Outlining how they systematically select novel E3s for
#PROTACs
& allowing first glimpses at binder identification & PROTAC validation work for an untouched Cullin Ring E3 ligase
Innovation speed in the field of targeted protein degradation is still increasing. Soon the chemical structures of the most advanced
#PROTACs
in clinical development will be disclosed. And the next wave of innovation has already hit the shore...
#TPDEurope
#AACR2021
It's now >6 months since concerns were raised about the "amine-free Suzuki coupling" published in
@NatureCatalysis
. There is overwhelming evidence that the active catalyst is not the free amine but rather a Pd impurity. How much more time will it take to clean up the record?
With an increasing interest in targeted protein degradation, more studies about efficient synthetic approaches to bifunctional degraders get published. Here is an elegant example for the use of multi-component Ugi/Passerini couplings
@ChemRxiv
#PROTACs
I like the summary in a most recent highlight on structure-based design of degrader molecules: "We will need to be patient, solve one ternary complex structure at a time, keep studying & learning". A perfect
#TPD
motto for 2022
@PhilippMCromm
@laura_m_luh
Updated overview of disclosed clinical stage
#PROTACs
+ educated guesses. Of note the growing chemical diversity of
#CRBN
binders. Convincing selectivity data shown for ARV-766 against IMiD targets IKZF1/3, GSPT1, SALL4. An emerging path into non-oncology indications
#TPD
#AACR23
Synthetic routes for drugs approved in 2017
@JMedChem
. A useful reference for chemistry students interested in learning about modern day medicinal chemistry synthesis challenges. May even help to get you through a job interview...
@Total_Synthesis
Entropy favors the preorganized one: YAP-TEAD4 protein-protein interaction disruptors by
@NovartisScience
. Being frozen in its bioactive conformation allows custom-built SMOLs to compete off much larger, intrinsically disordered peptides
@ChemMedChem
It’s always a special treat to hear
@jaybradner
talk about targeting the undruggable: about intermolecular
#VHL
glues, intramolecular splicing modulators & potentiators of
#KRas
-targeted drugs: Dana-Farber Targeted Degradation Webinar Series via
@YouTube
Total synthesis of natural products is THE training ground for next generation medicinal chemists: it requires holistic thinking, perseverance & creativity to overcome so many hurdles. Exhibit 1:
#Taxol
@BaranLabReads
@ChemRxiv
. I hereby rest my case.
Here is a review about Degrader-ADCs written by Peter Dragovich
@genentech
. This review is an excellent read based on the significant hands-on experience of the author. And he does a superb job in explaining ADC basics to the lay reader
@rsc_medchem
#TPD
Important new review just published about the growing importance of small molecular drugs in boosting anti tumor immunity. Written by my colleagues at
@merckgroup
together with Rienk Offringa
@DKFZ
.
@NatRevDrugDisc
Not only the quality of a chemical probe decides about the robustness of generated cell biology data. Low quality experimental design will undermine the quality of any reagent. And this seems to be the reality - as this sobering study shows.
@NatureComms
The list of high-quality molecular glue degrader probes is growing with the recent addition of a VHL-CDO1 glue degrader (kudos
@NovartisScience
). Now covering 4 E3 ligases (CRBN, VHL, DCAF15 & 16) and a homo-dimerization-degradation mechanism.
#TPD
New era in targeted protein degradation: A groundbreaking molecular glue selectively degrades proteins via the VHL E3 ligase, diverging from conventional CRBN glues. This discovery opens new avenues for
#TPD
.
Many of us have been noticed by
@EnamineLtd
about how the Russian invasion impacts their business & puts lives of their employees in Kyiv at risk. We all need to understand the significance of what is happening in Europe today. It's not a day for posting wordles or cat pictures.
Join series of webinars dedicated to Enamine’s 30th Anniversary
Overview of Enamine’s Scientific Achievements
Overview of Enamine’s Compound Libraries
The Role of Enamine in the Era of Digital Pharmacology
First human PK data for a
#PROTAC
now available
@ArvinasInc
: AR degrader ARV-110 shows very long human half-life leading to significant accumulation upon daily oral dosing; total plasma exposure & Cmax at day 15 reach levels of efficacious doses in mice.
An underrated success factor in Pharma drug discovery is the ability to tap into the organization's wealth of knowledge. Here is an excellent perspective by medicinal chemists
@Merck
about their efforts to enable & stimulate knowledge sharing
@ACSBioMed
It was a proud moment yesterday when my colleague Marcel Rieker disclosed our
#PROxAb
shuttle technology at
#TPD23
@Undruggable
. Along with the poster by Hendrik Schneider they outlined our plug-and-play platform for delivering VHL-based
#PROTACs
to diseased cells.
@merckgroup
The curtain seems to rise & allow a glimpse at Ph1 IRAK4imid
@KymeraTx
KT-413: use patent for a triple
#PROTAC
degrader of IRAK4, IKZF1 & IKZF3; a NH-linked thalidomide warhead in line with emerging neosubstrate SAR; noteworthy intermittent dosing schedules & non-rodent PK data
@mathieuvonrohr
Natürlich wird hier aktiv ein bestimmtes Image aufgebaut. Aber dieses Image ist authentisch. Ist mir - als jemand der die Grünen nicht wählt - lieber als DAX-Vorstände, die nach 20 Jahren die Krawatte weglassen, weil ihnen gesagt wurde, das sie so dynamischer wirken…
The known unknowns of designing
#PROTACs
exemplified on one slide:
#KRas
(G12C) can be degraded in cancer cells if the target binder-linker-E3 puzzle is solved the correct way. The result may even overcome ERK pathway reactivation!
@ChemRxiv
@CraigMCrews
With Joe in office, time to focus back on science: Introducing RNA-PROTACs courtesy of the Hall group
@angew_chem
: first proof of cellular principle & potentially a nice complementation of
#TRAFTACs
. Though early days with respect to degradation efficacy.
IMHO the best research paper in 2019:
@Amgen
disclosing the pharmacological profile of
#KRas
inhibitor
#AMG510
. So much intriguing science compressed into 7 pages. State-of-the-art profiling of a covalent inhibitor & a focus on clinical translation
@nature
Understanding clinical needs & translating into a drug target profile is the basis for impactful drug discovery. It takes an exceptional team to fulfill such a profile. Proud about the M4205/IDRX-42 discovery team
@merckgroup
(now in Ph1).
@ACSBioMed
Translational bed-to-bench research for targeted protein degraders will soon pick up speed. This important study by
@alessiociulli
&
@georg_e_winter
identifies VHL & CRBN hotspots for degrader sensitivity (via ternary complex modulation):
@biorxivpreprint