I am modest and unpretentious who honours and care for others opinions and privacy of their passion as being mature we should be motivated and optimistic toward
@tedielts
She wishes she hadn't eaten so much.
Wish + past perfect:
We can use 'wish' with the past perfect to talk about regrets from the past. These are things that have already happened but we wish they'd happened in a different way.
@Westminster_Eng
He failed most of the exams he took at school.
When we are talking about the majority of something in general, we use most + noun. When we are talking about the majority of a specific set of something, we use most of the + noun
@tedielts
It's really cold outside but at least it isn't raining.
at least
idiom
used to emphasize that something is good in a bad situation:
The car was damaged, but at least he wasn’t hurt.
You use at least to say that something is the minimum that is true or possible.
@Westminster_Eng
Shall I get you a glass of water?
Shall: uses
Offers, suggestions and advice
We use shall I and shall we to make offers and suggestions and to ask for advice
offer➡
Shall I carry your bag?
@Westminster_Eng
need verb (MUST HAVE)
If you say that someone or something needs something else, you mean that they should have it, or would get an advantage from having it:
[ + -ing verb ] This room needs cleaning.
[ + past participle ] She needs her hair washed.
@Westminster_Eng
She's very good at maths.
ADJECTIVE
If you are good at something, you are skilful and successful at doing it.
He was very good at his work. [+ at]
I'm not very good at singing
@tedielts
I have got some really exciting news to tell you.
exciting
adjective
causing great enthusiasm and eagerness.
"one of the most exciting matches I've ever seen"
@tedielts
He bought a big, red motorcycle.
b) big, red✅
the determiner always comes first This is followed by the quantity, opinion,size,age, shape,colour, origin, material and purpose/qualifier of the noun being described.
We got a huge wooden wall cupboard made for our friend’s new home
@Westminster_Eng
He stopped talking because nobody was listening.
When we use these two tenses together, it shows us that the past simple action happened in the middle of the past continuous action, while it was in progress.
@Westminster_Eng
I am looking forward to visiting Jaipur next month.
look forward to something
phrasal verb with look verb
to feel pleased and excited about something that is going to happen:
[ + -ing verb ] She was looking forward to seeing the
grandchildren again.
@tedielts
This table is made of wood.
Made of
We use made of when we talk about the basic material or qualities of something. It has a meaning similar to ‘composed of’:
She wore a beautiful necklace made of silver.
@Westminster_Eng
Even if he had asked them they wouldn't have come.
To make a sentence in the third conditional, we use, If + past perfect, would/wouldn't have + past participle. If you had told me about the meeting, I would have come. If you had told me about the meeting, I wouldn't have missed
@Westminster_Eng
If you don't speak slowly, they probably won't understand you.
In a negative sentence, if you are using a contraction such as won't or can't, you put probably in front of the contraction.
They probably won't help.
They probably don't want you to go.
@tedielts
Even Though.
We use even though when we’re talking about a real situation. We use it to express a fact or when we think something is true
I’m going out right now, even though it’s raining.”
Even though we have the money, we don’t want to live in a big house
@tedielts
We came here by bus.
f) by✅
We use by + noun to describe how someone travels or communicates, or how things are processed:
We say by car, by bus, by plane, etc. but if there is a determiner (e.g. a/an, the, some, my, his) before the noun, we say in or on
@Westminster_Eng
She burst into tears when she was told the bad news.
She burst into tears (= suddenly began to cry).
burst out laughing/crying
idiom
to suddenly start laughing/crying:
I walked in and everyone burst out laughing.
@tedielts
Susan likes dogs, but Carl likes cats.
The word ‘however’ is used in the sense of ‘nevertheless’. On the other hand, the word ‘but’ is used as a conjunction between two sentences. This is the main difference between the two words.
@tedielts
It's no use asking him for anything. He is not very helpful.
c) asking ✅
👉It’s no good/ use + Verb-ING
It's no good/use + (verb-ing) denotes you are failed to do something and it is useless to continue it.
Used to say that an action will not get an expected outcome
@tedielts
The jeans 👖 I bought last year do not fit me anymore.
c.) don't
The word for the piece of clothing, "jeans", is always plural. You never have one "jean", but "one pair of jeans" or simply "jeans". The same rule applies to "pants", trousers", and "shorts",
@Westminster_Eng
She would rather stay in a hotel.
Would rather is followed by the infinitive without to. Would prefer is followed by to + infinitive or a noun.
I'd rather have fruit juice.
I'd prefer to have fruit juice
@Westminster_Eng
By March, we will have been developing our app for one year..
Future perfect continuous tense is used to express the ongoing action that will be completed in future before a certain time.
@tedielts
I can't find my wallet. I must have dropped it.
c) must✅
👉We use "must have", and in the same way as the present perfect - the action we are describing happened, in the past and is still true in the present.
✅"must have": we believe the action definitely happened.
@tedielts
You promised to wash these, but you didn't!
c) to wash✅
promise
verb
promise verb (SAY CERTAINLY)
B1 [ I or T ]
to tell someone that you will certainly do something:
promise to do something
[ + to infinitive ] He promised faithfully to call me every week.
@tedielts
The boss let everyone have a day off.
a) have✅
Causative Verbs:
Causative verbs are ones that cause something else to happen.
causatives are the verbs let, make, have, get, and help.
LET = Permit Something To Happen
Grammatical structure:
LET + PERSON/THING + VERB (base form)
@tedielts
Steve bought a new house last week.
a) bought✅
We use the past simple to describe an action that started in the past and ended in the past. It could be something that happened twenty years ago or something that happened two minutes ago. It started. It stopped. It’s over
@Westminster_Eng
I would love to know the truth about what happened in the meeting
We can use hate, like, love and prefer with a to-infinitive:
The to-infinitive gives more emphasis to the results of the action or event.
We would love to hear you sing
I hate to see food being thrown away.
@Westminster_Eng
If she hadn't threatened him, he wouldn't have left.
To make a sentence in the third conditional,
If + past perfect, would/wouldn’t have + past participle.
If you had told me about the meeting, I would have come.
If you had told me about the meeting, I wouldn’t have missed it.
@tedielts
There are various reasons for the recent increase in the cost of living.
Reason for
We use reason for + noun phrase, not reason of:
What’s the reason for the delay? We’ve been waiting more than an hour.
There were several reasons for his strange behaviour.
@Westminster_Eng
From now on, I'm going to have my car washed more often.
The causative is formed with 'have + object + past participle The past participle has a passive meaning.
Subject + have (any tense) + object (usually thing) + past participle form of verb +
John had his car washed.
@Westminster_Eng
He passed the test with ease.
with ease
PHRASE
If you do something with ease, you do it easily, without difficulty or effort.
Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams with ease.
...the ease with which young people could find work.
@Westminster_Eng
if + past perfect, .... would + have + past participle
It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation.
If she had studied, she would have passed the exam
@tedielts
She enjoyed her new life in the city, but living alone made her miss her family.
MAKE: force or compel someone to do something.
Grammatical structure: MAKE + PERSON + VERB (base form)
She made her children do their homework before going to bed.
@tedielts
By February, she will have worked here for ten years.
c) will have worked ✅
👉The future perfect tense
The future perfect tense is used to describe an action that will be completed before a specific point .
@tedielts
She took a selfie and then posted it on Instagram.
[I or T ] INTERNET & TELECOMS
to publish something such as a message or picture on a website or using social media:
I never post anything on the Internet that I wouldn't want my boss to see.
She hardly ever posts on Facebook
@tedielts
All the students' grades improved.
c)students'✅
👉The word student’s is the singular possessive of student.
E.g., “Each student’s needs are different.
👉the word students’ is the plural possessive form.
E.g., “University students’ work is supposed to be of a high standard.”
@tedielts
This task is too difficult. I had better ask the teacher for help.
had better do something
phrase of better
would find it wiser to do something; ought to do something.
"you had better be careful"
@tedielts
Five miles is a long walk in this heat. wouldn't you rather take a bus?
a) is✅
We normally treat amounts and quantities as singular, even when the noun is in plural form. Thus, "five miles" seems plural but is grammatically singular.
@tedielts
The weather has been terrible for the past few days.
Actions that started in the past and continue in the present
She has been waiting for you all day (= and she's still waiting now).
@tedielts
He said he had fixed my car but it broke down again just 10 minutes after I left the garage!
c) had fixed✅
We use the past perfect with the past simple when we talk about two actions or events in the past. We always use the past perfect for the action that happened first.
@tedielts
Do you know where the beach is?
b) the beach is✅
An embedded question is a question that is included inside another question or statement. They are common after introductory phrases, such as:
I wonder
Could you tell me
Do you know
Can you remember
Let's ask
We need to find out
@tedielts
The number of people at the concert was much higher than anyone had anticipated.
Remember that “the number” is always singular, s because it pairs the singular verb “was” with the singular subject “the number.
The expression the number is followed by a singular verb
@tedielts
Nobody realized that she had left work early.
b) had left✅
We use the past perfect with the past simple when we talk about two actions or events in the past. We always use the past perfect for the action that happened first. We can link the two actions using a time expression.
@Next____Level
It looks as if my life is falling into place.
as if/though
idiom
used to describe how a situation seems to be:
She looked as if she'd had some bad news.
I felt as though I'd been lying in the sun for hours.
They stared at me as if I was crazy.
@Next____Level
I am so glad to be part of the team.
glad
adjective
pleased and happy:
[ + to infinitive ]
You don’t have to thank us – we were glad to help.
I'm glad of the opportunity to express my thanks
@tedielts
He goes to his local pool once a week, but he has never swum in the sea before.
b) swum✅
Life experience.
These are actions or events that happened sometime during a person's life. We don't say when the experience happened, and the person needs to be alive now.
@Westminster_Eng
As … as
We use as + adjective/adverb + as to make comparisons when the things we are comparing are equal in some way:
The world’s biggest bull is as big as a small elephant.
The weather this summer is as bad as last year. It hasn’t stopped raining for weeks.
@Westminster_Eng
It's advisable to have lots of vegetables in your diet.
advisable
adjective
(of a course of action) to be recommended; sensible.
"it is advisable to carry one of the major credit cards"
@tedielts
After thinking about it for two weeks she came up with a great idea for her essay.
come up with
phrasal verb of come
produce something, especially when pressured or challenged.
"he keeps coming up with all kinds of lame excuses
@tedielts
The main difference between advice vs advise is that “advise” (with an S) is a verb, which means to recommend, or to give information to someone. On the other hand, “advice” (with a C) is a noun: an opinion or recommendation offered as a guide to action.
@Westminster_Eng
Even though a lot has already been done, we still have a long way to go.
even though
idiom
despite the fact that
used as a stronger way to say "though" or "although"
She stayed with him even though he often mistreated her
.I'm going even though it may rain.
@tedielts
Having waited for him an hour, she finally gave up and left.
c) Having waited✅
We use this type of a sentence to talk about past experiences and situations.
When one action happens before another action, we use 'having + past participle' for the first action.
@tedielts
Most tourists here take photos.
Most with a noun
We use most with nouns to mean ‘the majority of’
When we are talking about the majority of something in general, we use most + noun
She plays tennis most mornings.
Most tap water is drinkable.
@Next____Level
When my husband gets ill, I usually get it.
We use the zero conditional to talk about general truths or results that always happen if a condition is present. We are talking in general, not about one particular situation.
@Next____Level
I haven't got the time, nor the energy.
Use "nor" with other negatives. Even though "nor" is almost always used after "neither," you can use it with other negative expressions.
He has never experienced joy, sadness, nor anger with such passion before.”
@Westminster_Eng
The definite article (the) is used before a noun to indicate that the identity of the noun is known to the reader.
The indefinite article (a, an) is used before a noun that is general or when its identity is not known.
@Westminster_Eng
If you were given one wish what would you wish for?
wish for (someone or something)
To have or express a desire to obtain, achieve, or meet someone or something.
Ever since he was a young boy, he's been wishing for the love of his life to show up.
@Westminster_Eng
Owing to the weather conditions, the match had to be cancelled.
C.Owning to ✅
There is a difference between "Due to" and "Owing to" in meaning. "Due to" means "caused by", however, "Owing to" means "because of" and it comes always at the beginning of the sentence. Besides
@tedielts
She bought a beautiful, red, cotton dress.
b) beautiful, red cotton✅
In a sentence, the determiner always comes first. This is followed by the quantity, opinion, size, age, shape, colour, origin, material and purpose/qualifier of the noun being described.
@tedielts
would rather
idiom
used to indicate what one wants or prefers to do, have, etc.
We use would rather or ’d rather to talk about preferring one thing to another
She would rather drive than take the train.
@Next____Level
I had not realised until you just told me.
We use the past simple and past perfect to talk about events in the past:
He was the headteacher until he retired in 1968.
We couldn’t put down the new floor until the plumber had finished.
@tedielts
He hasn't had much luck this year.
c) much✅
Use 'Much' with uncountable nouns
Much is used to describe mass nouns or noncount nouns like juice, rice, patience, and happiness. When using much, the noun will always be singular; it cannot be plural.
@tedielts
I haven't told him yet.
b) yet✅
We can use the present perfect negative with yet:
We use yet in questions and negative sentences to talk about actions and events happening up to now.
Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle + yet.
@Westminster_Eng
If I had known about it, I would have helped you.
To make a sentence in the third conditional,
If + past perfect, would/wouldn't have + past participle.
If you had told me about the meeting, I would have come. If you had told me about the meeting, I wouldn't have missed it.
@Westminster_Eng
We have been friends for ten years.
Using the present perfect, we can define a period of time before now by considering its duration, with for + a period of time, or by considering its starting point, with since + a point in time.
@Westminster_Eng
any: indefinite quantities
We use any for indefinite quantities in questions and negative sentences. We use some in affirmative sentences:
Have you got any eggs?
I haven’t got any money.
@tedielts
Driverless cars will have a huge impact on our lives
impact noun [U] (EFFECT
the strong effect or influence that something has on a situation or person:
These charges will have a damaging impact on the army’s reputation.
The environmental impact of this project will be enormous
@tedielts
She's really lazy. She never does any work.
b) any✅
Any is a word that is usually used in negative
Any can also be used in positive sentences that have a negative feeling,if we include include never, hardly, without
She never eats any fruit
We hardly watch any television.
@tedielts
She is really good at taking photos of wildlife.
c) at✅
✅Good at, bad at(adj)
We use adjective + at to talk about things that we do well or badly:
When you want to express that you are well capable of doing something, the usual collocation is
👉To be good at something”
@Westminster_Eng
Like as a preposition meaning ‘similar to
Like means ‘similar to’. We often use it with verbs of the senses such as look, sound, feel, taste, and seem:
My sister is like my mother. (My sister and my mother are similar)
I think this tastes like coconut.
He seems like a nice man
@Westminster_Eng
Since + a point in time
since this morning, since last week, since yesterday
since I was a child, since Wednesday, since 2 o'clock
I have worked here since 1990
@tedielts
The Lord of the Rings trilogy was written by J.R.R Tolkien
c) was written ✅
The past simple passive is formed by using 'was' or 'were' plus the past participle.
We use 'by' with the passive if we want to identify who or what did the action.
@Next____Level
None of us could believe the good news.
None of
We use none with of before the, demonstratives (this, that), possessives (my, your) or pronouns:
None of his old friends knew what had happened to him.
It doesn’t matter. None of it was your fault.
@tedielts
She can remember the names of nearly every person she meets.
b) every ✅
👉EVERY
Every refers to all members of a group though considered individually. It can be used to talk about three or more people/things.
👉Every + singular noun
The noun that comes after Every is in
@Next____Level
Our next baby is due at the end of next month.
due
adjective
due adjective (EXPECTED)
expected to happen, arrive, etc. at a particular time:
What time is the next bus due?
The next meeting is due to be held in three months' time.
Their first baby is due in January.
@Westminster_Eng
Take some cash in case they don't accept cards.
In case
In case is a conjunction or adverb
We use in case to talk about things we should do in order to be prepared for possible future situations:
@Westminster_Eng
Have yet to and be yet to
We use have yet to and be yet to in more formal contexts. We use them to refer to events which are necessary or which must happen at some time, but which have not happened at the time of speaking:
@tedielts
He had less time than he had expected.
b) less✅
We use the quantifier less to talk about reduced quantities, amounts, or degrees. Less is a comparative word.
less is used to refer to quantity or amount among things that are measured, as in "less time" and "less effort."
@Westminster_Eng
My apartment is on the third floor.
When talking about places, ‘on’ is used when we are speaking about a surface. Something is on the surface of something else.
For example:
“The papers are on the coffee table.”
“I left the keys on the counter.”
@tedielts
I can't find my phone. I might have left it on my desk.
b)have left ✅
might (modal) + have +eaten (past participle verb)
We use the modal might (you can also use may or could) because they show that we are not 100% sure about what happened. We are speculating about past events
@tedielts
He lived in France for a few years during the 2000s.
b) during✅
1. During
Use "during + noun". We can use this at the beginning or end of a sentence
We use during to to refer to a period of time that encompasses all or part of the time period that has already been discussed.
@Westminster_Eng
I was excited to put my new skills to the test.
excited
adjective
excited adjective (PERSON)
feeling very happy and enthusiastic:
An excited crowd waited for the singer to arrive.
Are you getting excited about your holiday?
He said he is excited to return to San Diego.