India insists it won't "normalize" relations with China until the PLA returns all territories taken in 2020. Meanwhile, bilateral trade is at record levels, Chinese investment is flowing into India, Wang Yi is hosted in Delhi, Modi attends BRICS summits. Pretty close to normal?
For 75 years, India has been following an agenda which was set by the developed world. For the first time we are setting the agenda for the world and exercising a say in determining global priorities.
#G20India
is about thinking & acting big! My lunch with
@bsindia
India not part of:
APEC
RCEP
CPTPP
AUKUS
-"Doesnt matter".
No (new) trade deals (yet) with:
ASEAN
Australia
EU
UK
US
-"Just around the corner".
Free and Open Indo Pacific (don't forget Inclusive)
Quad (moving from security to...?)
-"India too big to ignore"
I have a sinking feeling that IR scholars (of whatever nationality) in the West will do more "Global IR", i.e. mining non-Western thought and practice. And those doing IR in the rest of the world will continue to do Western IR.
American democracy looks to be on its last legs. What will the world be like when the four biggest powers -- China, India, Russia, the US -- are all authoritarian/dictatorships? Democracy if it survives will live in Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, and some parts of Europe.
Superb Atal Behari Vajpayee Memorial Speech by former Singaporean diplomat, Bilahari Kausikan, on the US, China, and US-China. Crisp, analytical, and blunt, compared to the anodyne nonsense you mostly hear from former officials all over the world.
India's average GDP growth rate (nominal): 1994-2003 ~6.0 %; 2004-13 ~7.0% (remove 2008); and 2014-22 ~ 7.0% (remove 2020). 4 PMs in first period, 1 in 2nd period, and 1 in 3rd period. 20 yrs of coalition govt, and 8 yrs of majority govt. Almost no difference in growth rates.
I'm no fan of either Truss or Sunak who are mediocrities of the highest...but they have been questioned more heavily in public, live, than any Indian PM. So much for Indian liberal democracy.
One of my JNU PhD students told me, back in the 1990s, that he wrote most of his thesis under a tree in a village in Bihar because there was no electricity after dark. Salaam to JNU students.
My book, India Versus China, will become available on after June 17 or thereabouts according to Juggernaut, my publisher. Apologies. I should have said.
My JNU academic days were fantastic. The students are terrific. Nine years as a "Warden" of a men's "hostel" and as a faculty member were among the best of my teaching life!
Bollywood spent its entire PR machinery money to make it appear like their movies are doing well at Cannes.
Meanwhile, "waste of taxpayer money" JNU wallahs with their shoe string budgets are actually winning awards in the actual film festival there.
My new essay, "Kissinger's Secret Trip, China's Rise, and a New Bipolarity" in a new book...fun to write and sceptical about Kissinger...opening to China had begun under Kennedy and Johnson and it was Nixon Foreign Affairs article 1967 that really conceptualized the opening.
The point is that India has no option but to hide and duck in dealing with China. Which is what Modi is doing. It's the Deng Xiaoping strategy wrt US back in the day. But let's not pretend that Modi is some 56-inch grand strategist. He's not. He's just another pragmatist.
The real importance of the Quad for India is only really one thing: to signal to China that if it pushes too hard, Delhi will 'defect' altogether and become a 'full' ally of the US...Quad is intended mainly to strengthen a weak bargaining hand and has little other purpose.
Just got my copy...after a great discussion helmed by editor Lynn Kuok of IISS. Learned a lot from fellow panelist Drew Thompson, Robert Ward, Sarah Raine, and Ashley Townshend. My chapter is on India.
Who is rising in the world? In 1960, India had 0.025 global GDP (nominal, in current USD). In 2021, India had 0.03 of global GDP. Not much of a rise. China's figures are 0.04 and 0.18, respectively. So China has risen massively. The US has fallen, from 0.37 to 0.24.
Looking fwd to reading this...but apparently only the Anglo-Americans and China do grand strategy judging by the number of entries in the index. India -- one entry in 736 pages of text!
A Russia-India-China axis...hope of the president of a leading establishment think tank in India...as I said before, if China were to give a little on the border quarrel, India could sign up to the axis. Anti-Westernism runs deep in India. Amazing that China hasn't exploited it.
"India’s independent position on Ukraine is itself a message to China that India would withstand US pressure. If it can lead to...trust and understanding between China and India on the borders, that can pave the way for an informal Russia-China-India axis"
I say this because Modi has made so many concessions to China and swallowed hard but Beijing has really not given an inch. Because its strategic concern is not India but rather the rest of Asia and indeed the rest of the world. It is playing a much larger game.
First the Americans pull out of TPP and then India pulls out of RCEP...Beijing must have rubbed its eyes in happy disbelief! Poor old Japan left holding the fort...and now China is at the gates of the fort.
The final chapter of the book is about the massive power asymmetry in power with China...so it is about NOT underestimating China. But I do also say not to panic in the military domain. Clearly, India will have to catch up in informatized war and can't be complacent.
Coming back to Global IR (GIR) after my initial throwaway lines on it...GIR comes from a place of power and privilege, which is the Western academy. That does not damn it, but it does mean it cannot be innocent about its provenance.
India closer in power to Japan, France, Germany, the UK, Australia, Canada, and Brazil than to US and China. Russia -- GDP is small, but its nuclear arsenal, conventional weapons tech, land area, and resources make it formidable in its regional space. So punches above its weight.
I'm not trying to exaggerate European power. What I'm saying is don't disparage it either. And don't stick your head in the sand about Indian power. We are not "nothing", but we are also not much more than a middle power.
India and Bharat...in Hindi, we usually say Bharat. And when we face outwards to foreigners and when we speak in English to each other we usually say India. It's an elegant usage we have practiced with ease since 1947. Like the Chinese use Zhongguo and China. What's the problem?
I'm fine with AUKUS, but given that the first Australian nuclear-powered submarines won't be deployed much before 2040, what's the big military fuss either way...?
So what is China signaling? It is signaling that even as big a power as India can be intimidated and humiliated, and neither India nor the US can do much about it. So those in Asia who rely on the US better think again.
@tallstories
@amitabhmattoo
@HappymonJacob
@JNU_official_50
Great respect for Verma, but the lesson for India is that some situations are non deterrable beyond a point. China's repeated incursions against India and its refusal to budge despite India's restraint, indeed concessions, is that China is signaling the US and Asia, not India.
Then, IR scholars in the West will discover the "new Global IR" which is actually Western IR in the non-West. Meanwhile, non-Western IR scholars will do first generation "Global IR" which was actually their IR that was re-presented. And so the alterity game will go.
Had an amazing Sunday discussion on
@rkrystalli
and
@philipp_schulz1
's 'Taking Love & Care Seriously: An Emergent Research Agenda for Remaking Worlds in the Wake of Violence' followed by an IR themed review of the movie Gadar: Ek Prem Katha.
Editing a book on realism and Indian foreign policy...do you favour Realism with upper case R or realism with lower case r? Hamlet like, I tilt one way and then the other. Upper case seems a bit shouty...
Many congratulations to the first women VC of JNU Prof. Santishree Dhulipudi Pandit. Your enriched experience will boost academic prosperity at JNU.
@SantishreeD
@mamidala90
The first 'moment' of strategy is exactly this...which speaks to the absurd, bizarre lack of investment in India in China and Pakistan studies. I doubt we can get 20 academic China and Pakistan specialists -- as against former officials -- around a table. In a country of 1.3 bn.
Good, realist foreign policy requires putting yourself in the shoes of others.
Same for analysis: impossible to understand India’s regional policies in South Asia without looking at Delhi from the perspective of Nepal, Bangladesh or Sri Lanka.
Read this excellent analysis by the always thoughtful Rajesh Basrur. The only piece I've read that shows that Russia depends on India too...as a market for its arms, for its nuclear reactors, and as a counter to China.
My chapter on India's strategy after the crisis with China in the summer of 2020, published in IISS's annual review of regional security in the Asia-Pacific.
@tallstories
@amitabhmattoo
@HappymonJacob
@JNU_official_50
Great respect for Verma, but the lesson for India is that some situations are non deterrable beyond a point. China's repeated incursions against India and its refusal to budge despite India's restraint, indeed concessions, is that China is signaling the US and Asia, not India.
What doing Global IR (GIR) can be -- read the novelist/writer Amitav Ghosh's The Nutmeg's Curse: Parables for a Planet in Crisis. It combines all three elements of GIR -- alterity, critical interpretation, and analytical/causal statements. A brilliant, passionate book.
In Curzon's time there was no Pakistan and Tibet was a buffer. So an Aden to Singapore grand strategy made some sense. With two direct unbuffered threats on land, you have to wonder how plausible Curzon is...
Maybe it’s because I am too sensitive to the geostrategic sentiments and reality of Kathmandu, Dhaka or Colombo — but Lord Curzon may not be the best way for India to articulate its regional strategy in the 21st century.
Why is Pakistan Army critical of Russia's invasion of Ukraine? It can't stay neutral as a small state next to a big rival? It wants to recover ground with the US by painting a contrast to neutralist India? And it wants to signal some autonomy from China?
India-China has been a bit of a preoccupation for the past few years. Last year, with colleagues Selina Ho and Manjari Chatterjee Miller, I co-edited the gargantuan Routledge Handbook of China–India Relations (it's a little pricey too!):
Really great to see JNU students do this kind of thinking...recall my days teaching the IR Theory course in 1994-1999 with great pleasure. JNU zindabad.
Agree or disagree with Bharat Karnad, but always worth reading.
No great choices between the two ex-diplomats’ camps. Both equally incoherent via
@ThePrintIndia
Just about right, except Europe is not in decline: today's enlarged EU has nominal GDP of ~$21 trillion, larger than China and nearly as big as the US. Five times India's GDP.
“The central conservative truth is that it is culture, not politics, that determines the success of a society,” Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan of New York once wrote. “The central liberal truth is that politics can change a culture and save it from itself" - New York Times today
As Sinha suggests, revising the Treaty could tempt Pakistan to bring China in as an upper riparian. Kiss any possibility of a new treaty goodbye then. Pandora's box: Has Delhi really thought this through?
Dear friends and colleagues,
This is a call for international conference organizers to think twice before organizing any conference in Western Europe/North America, where many academics from the Global South (GS) need a visa to enter. (1)
I'm not trying to exaggerate European power. What I'm saying is don't disparage it either. And don't stick your head in the sand about Indian power. We are not "nothing", but we are also not much more than a middle power.
European armies in the colonial period were smaller than Asian armies. And they still beat tgem. The EU is not as toothless as you think. Plus it has economic power which can be weaponized. And 2 European powers have more nuclear weapons than India. How's that for comprehension?
India's stock in Indonesia is rather low...probably even lower in other parts of Southeast Asia...my impression is that it is at its lowest in a decade...just an impression, of course, after living in the region for nearly 12 years
Doyen of IFS, 98-year old Former Foreign Secretary M K Rasgotra delivered a brilliant address on 'India's foreign policy - past and future.' Spoke for 60 minutes!
This was 39th C D Deshmukh Lecture, chaired by N N Vohra, President IIC, the capital's intellectual mecca.
So what is China signaling? It is signaling that even as big a power as India can be intimidated and humiliated, and neither India nor the US can do much about it. So those in Asia who rely on the US better think again.
Clearly, it is not all "normal" with China...regular bilateral talks including summits, visas for Chinese visitors, accessing Chinese apps, and tendering by some Chinese companies are suspended. Yet things are more normal than Indian statements suggest.
Podcast with ANI's Smita Prakash on Wednesday, Jaishankar said: “Look, they (China) are the bigger economy. What am I going to do? As a smaller economy, I am going to pick up a fight with the bigger economy?...
it’s a question of common sense….”
@DrAyeshaRay
If it was an accident, it's a huge worry. If it was deliberate or an unauthorised launch, it's incalculably more worrying, to say the least.
Amazing yet true. Indian television news channels and newspapers know more about Russian deployment and military presence in Ukraine than about Chinese military presence in Ladakh.
@aadilbrar
Adil, so right. Total nonsense to talk about Vietnam's defeat and China's subsequent rise. First, it was a very mixed military outcome. Second, the Chinese asked for and got US 'permission' to invade. And third, a lot of the credit for China's rise goes to US corporations.
Got to my departure gate at Delhi Airport in 1 hour...not much worse than in the past. The security Q was the longest but speeded up gradually. Of course, I did get to the airport 4 hours early...
“Now a country with 27 million people and a GDP of $1.4 trillion has become a power that can influence the choices being made in Beijing”. Scathing piece by RAdm Raja Menon in today’s
@IndianExpress
#AUKUS
US grand strategy divide...those who think China is the main threat and want to pull Russia closer to the West (or at least keep it neutral) -- e.g. Mearsheimer; and those who see Russia as the main threat and want to avoid alienating China any further -- e.g. Tom Friedman.
One of the few articles on international affairs in the Indian media that actually is worth reading.
Bangladesh has reached out to the IMF for help: what is wrong with the country’s economy? via
@IndianExpress
A day of bilaterals, trilaterals, quadrilateral & multilaterals with 🇦🇺 🇧🇧🇧🇹🇧🇷🇧🇿🇧🇸🇨🇾🇩🇲🇫🇮🇫🇷🇬🇩🇬🇾🇮🇩 🇯🇴🇯🇵🇯🇲🇲🇬🇲🇳🇲🇻🇲🇦🇲🇺🇫🇲🇳🇮🇳🇬🇵🇼🇵🇬 🇿🇦🇰🇳🇻🇨🇸🇷🇪🇸🇹🇹🇹🇬🇺🇾🇺🇸
Participated in a discussion on the G20 imperative.
Will deliver India’s statement at General Debate of
#UNGA
77 tomorrow.
On a related but slightly different subject, my chapter on "Southern Asia's Realist Future" in Diplomacy and the Future of World Order just arrived: .
Interesting volume from Chester Crocker, Fen Hampson, and Pamela Aall. Thank you, editors!
The opposition scored an own goal with the INDIA acronym. And now the government is overreacting with the Bharat response. More pressing issues in the country surely.
Worth reading the Russia-China joint statement. India would agree with a lot of it -- on human rights, democracy, non-interference, internet governance. It would differ on the parts about the NPT and the role of the US and its allies in the Indo-Pacific.
Just got this, on the link between an extreme weather event and conflict leading to the creation of Bangladesh in the wake of a devastating cyclone. Thanks to Samir Saran for sending.
If Trump or a Trump-like figure wins the next US prez election (quite likely), American democracy may not recover. We will then be in a world where the major democracies will reside in a select few East Asian, West European, African, and Latin American countries.
When Chinese analysts and websites invoke/endorse Mearsheimer on NATO and the Ukraine war, you wonder...his anger at NATO is because he wants to befriend Russia and enlist it against the primary threat for the West which he thinks is China.