Mungo Manic @MungoManic Twitter profile

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@focusonroseanne

@Binor_stw69

Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

This man's broken arm created a new fully-functional joint. I did not know that was possible

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@MungoManic

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Wow. I've read David Reich's papers on Neanderthal and Denisovan admixture but never heard him talk. Here are my favorite quotes from his podcast with @dwarkesh_sp : 1. "I don't know" 2. "The models that are considered to be standard dogma are now low probability"

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@MungoManic

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People are often surprised by how muscular many Australian hunter-gatherers were

Markus Bühler (Bestiarium-Blog)

@MarkusBhler10

2 months

@VilleSinkkonen It's not that easy to find good examples of "naturally muscular" people. I remember to have seen a photo in an old book of a rather muscular Inuit from the early 20th century who could be a good comparison for early humans.

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@MungoManic

3 months

Man carrying a shield, boomerangs and a dead snake By Thomas Dick, Port Macquarie NSW, 1910's

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

15 days

This is wild. Roman glass beads were discovered in Bali, transported 2000 years ago by traders from India. Products from the Roman Empire almost made it to Australia!

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Wait, did any pre-agricultural humans understand sexual reproduction? Is it actually self-evident that sex makes babies? Maybe the insight only happened when people started breeding animals and planting seeds. Who was the first person to figure out the birds and the bees?

Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Many Australian tribes thought babies resulted from reincarnation rather than sex. One tribe described how a tiny spirit would meet a woman, throw a small club at a her big toe and enter her body through the wound. (Mathews, 1900)

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@MungoManic

4 months

@h2ner Mungo Man who lived in Australia 40 kya also had severe tooth wear. His left molars were worn down almost to the root. Researchers think he processed plant fibers with his teeth in order to make rope or netting

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

Interpersonal and intertribal conflict was common in Australia. In a study of crania from southeast Australia, 58% of the females and 37% of the males had fractures, the majority of which were severely traumatic. Arm fractures were also common (from parrying blows)

Black Pope Vice

@BlackPopeVice

5 months

@biomanzilla @MungoManic There is very little evidence to suggest Australian Abos were violent tribes people afaik

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Spot the difference Australians were once surrounded by Southeast Asian Negritos, Papuans, Melanesians and Tasmanians Why wasn't their hair the same???

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

Not a cellphone in sight. Just people living the moment

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

I just passed 600 followers. Welcome, everyone! Before colonization, there was about 600 tribes in Australia. Most tribes consisted of bands of around 25 people. These bands shared a common tribal language and culture but lacked political unity

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

1 month

@PublishersWkly Sad. It's been irreplaceable for my research

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@MungoManic

3 months

Tasmanian & Australian hunters used their toes. A man would drag his spear through the grass to appear unarmed and then flip it into his hand at the last moment. The same technique was also used to kill humans

Will

@Evolving_Moloch

3 years

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

1 month

Religion in pre-colonial Australia. (Smith, 2013)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

4 months

@h2ner Was it more common in men or women?

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@MungoManic

16 days

Most boomerangs were weapons for hunting and fighting. They were meant to deliver the deadliest blow possible and not return @MikeshakeYT demonstrating one he made:

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@MungoManic

5 months

The first Australians settled along the coast. Which means about 50,000 years of history is underwater. Annoying!

M. T. Boulanger @mtbarchaeology.bluesky.social

@MTB_Archaeology

5 months

Another reminder that archaeologists have been studying drowned continental shelf sites for 40+ years, unlike some Internet clowns would have you believe.

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

1 month

3. "If you actually count your ancestors, if you're of non-African descent, how many of them were Neanderthals say, 70,000 years ago, it's not going to be 2%. It's going to be 10-20%, which is a lot"

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@MungoManic

3 months

‘The natives of Borneo called it “The Man of the Forest”’ At one point Island Southeast Asia was home to these guys, Homo erectus, Homo floresiensis, Homo luzonensis, Denisovans and Homo sapiens What a place

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@MungoManic

2 months

The Australian belief that nobody "just died" had profound implications: Funerals often involved discerning whose sorcery was "responsible" for the death. Once identified, an avenging party would target the "murderer" or, in some cases, the first person encountered in the

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Many Australian tribes thought babies resulted from reincarnation rather than sex. One tribe described how a tiny spirit would meet a woman, throw a small club at a her big toe and enter her body through the wound. (Mathews, 1900)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

Some researchers believe that brow ridges evolved to shield our eyes from the sun. In addition to projecting brows, people in Australia often had deeply-set eyes

Lana Diesel

@deedlydeedlydee

3 months

@MungoManic His brow is so heavy he looks like he's wearing shades lol

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

Biological samples are the sole genetic record of the unadmixed Tasmanian people. The remains, often collected by dubious means, are now being repatriated, cremated and buried. No complete DNA analysis has been done and time is running out

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

There are about 984,000 Indigenous people in Australia (3.8% of the population) The community is growing rapidly. In the 1970's there was only 100,000 members (1% of the population) but 20 years later the number had tripled to 300,000 (2% of the population) 🧵

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@MungoManic

4 months

Love this dm. To understand all is to forgive all

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

People in Australia enjoyed life They played games, sang, danced and made art. Strong friendships were common. Children were showered with love and kindness and almost never punished Basedow (1925) said "Happiness seems the essence of their existence" and "Some of the men have

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

The continent in the middle of the room. Why didn't the Austronesians colonize Australia?

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

I still can’t believe this was published. There are living Australians whose ancestors split from the rest of humanity 30,000 years ago

Segmentata

@segmentata

3 months

@MungoManic @aslanpahari Yes it does actually. Basically from about 2500 years ago either everyone is descended or no one is.

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

Many Australian tribes also believed Europeans were their dead. A famous case is William Buckley, a runaway convict. The Wathaurong people found him carrying a spear he'd found on a grave, and thought he was the dead man. Buckley lived with them for 32 years (🖼 Tommy McCrae)

Archaeo - Histories

@archeohistories

5 months

A Highland New Guinean is shocked to see a white person for the first time in his life, in 1930. Before 1930, Highlanders thought they were the only living people in the world... ''We believed our dead went over there, turned white, and came back as spirits. That's how we

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4. "It's very plausible that people's ancestors are not all in Ethiopia 200,000 years ago... Some of them are in South Africa. Some of them are in Eurasia... That braid and that trellis is coming together again and again over time"

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

Members of the Kulin Nation in one of the first photographs ever taken in Australia (Douglas Kilburn, 1847)

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@MungoManic

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Warlpiri tribe, northern Australia. Ceremonial costumes were often made from down feathers glued to the body with blood

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@MungoManic

2 months

A man and boy in Western Australia c. 1910

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@MungoManic

1 month

5. "You might argue that non-Africans today are Neanderthals who just have waves and waves of modern humans from Africa mixing with them" We keep adding admixtures events to the once-simple Recent OOA model. Reic says it's like the pre-Copernican epicycles

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

20 days

"Genetic differences between Indigenous Australian communities are significantly greater than between groups from other continents distributed over a comparable geographic range" (Silcocks et al. 2023)

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@MungoManic

4 months

This young woman used her husband's skull as a drinking vessel. The practice of carrying water in human skulls was limited to southeast Australia. (Blandowski, 1862)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Dingoes were sometimes used for hunting and warmth but feral ones were eaten. Desert tribes also raided dingo dens and ate the puppies. Sometimes puppies were spared and raised by the women, especially those with unusual markings. (Tindale, 1974)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

4 months

The stone age was metal

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@MungoManic

1 month

Here's the full interview. Highly recommend watching or reading it:

David Reich - How One Small Tribe Conquered the World 70,000 Years Ago

Neanderthal Extinction, Evolution of Intelligence, & Yamnaya Genocide

www.dwarkeshpatel.com

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Wombats were highly-prized in southeast Australia. To kill one in its burrow, 4 men spent 2-3 days digging multiple shafts, each 15-20 ft deep and 3 ft wide. With only sticks and animal-skin buckets, it was a tiring task that yielded at most 20 pounds of meat. (Blandowski, 1862)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

1 month

In Australia, cannibalism was both an act of love and an act of hatred. It depends on who you asked. Some tribes ate the flesh of their loved ones. Others tribes only ate the flesh of slain enemies. (Howitt, 1904)

Nushanchel

@nushanchel

1 month

cannibalism is an act of love or an act of hatred?

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4 months

@haravayin_hogh Great thread. A lot of technological changes happened on the mainland after 8kya and never reached Tasmania. There were probably genetic changes too, which might explain why the wavy hair of southern Australians (L) differs from the wooly hair of Tasmanians (R)

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@MungoManic

3 months

Wow. A recent paper suggests modern humans migrated from Africa ~125kya and then L3 mtDNA carriers went BACK to Africa ~70kya It'd explain the pre-70ka AMH fossils in Asia and why the M & N lineages in Southeast Asia are older than those nearer Africa (Cabrera et al. 2018)

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@MungoManic

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In southeast Australia, some tribes wore mummified hands as charms. Often two were used: one hanging on the chest, another on the back. If an enemy approached from behind, the back hand would scratch or pinch the wearer. If the danger was in front, the chest hand scratched

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@MungoManic

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After European colonization, feral cats invaded Australia's deserts, endangering many native species. In response, tribes such as the Pintupi began eating the cats (which they found delicious) Film by Malcolm Douglas, 1989

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@MungoManic

20 days

A 1971 photo of a Pintupi man named Jabandara. The Pintupi were among Australia's last hunter-gatherers. Taken by Michael Jensen in Yuendumu, NT

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@MungoManic

1 month

I’m not sure. My impression is that some “modern” genes were flowing from Africa and some into it. Also the entire concept of “modern human” is on shaky ground. There doesn’t seem to be an accepted definition, whether cultural, genetic or anatomical

Angel River

@biomanzilla

1 month

@MungoManic @dwarkesh_sp Does this mean we might have to push the LCA for modern humans back a few hundred thousand years?

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@MungoManic

1 month

As Weidenreich proposed, a trellis may be the more accurate model Humans were sharing genes between Eurasia and Africa for hundreds of thousands of years prior to the OOA bottleneck 50-70kya Adaptive genes spread far and wide, increasing brain size from South Africa to Java

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@MungoManic

1 month

Narrana smoking a pipe from Makassar, Sulawesi. Photographed near Liverpool River, Australia by Axel Poignant c. 1952

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@MungoManic

1 month

I'm having my minions (Claude) build a secret weapon

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@MungoManic

4 months

"TWO MEN KILLING WHO HAD KILLED HIS WIFE AND EATED HER (SHE CAN BE SEEN IN HIS STOMACH) AFTER MEN HAD KILLED HIM THEY MADE BIG FIRE TO BURN HIM" by Dick Nguleingulei Murrumurru (1915 - 1987) of Arnhem Land, Australia

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Australian tribes had complex rules on food rights. Here's how a Ngarigo hunter would divide a koala bear: Self: left ribs Father: right hind leg Mother: left hind leg Elder brother: right forearm Younger brother: left forearm Elder sister: backbone Younger sister: liver

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@MungoManic

5 months

Fore people of the Eastern Highlands, Papua New Guinea. The tribe suffered from a fatal neurological disease called kuru. The condition was caused by prions and transmitted through the mortuary practice of eating the brains of deceased family members

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

In the Queensland rainforest, people were incredibly short. But in other areas of Australia, such as the northwest, there were reported heights of 6'5" and even 7 feet

ftwefw

@fgvrhrg

2 months

@MungoManic northern ones are one of the tallest ppl in history, comparable to sudanese, iirc?

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@MungoManic

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This article warns that ancient DNA analysis can cause harm by undermining political goals On the one hand we live in a golden age of archaeology where scientists can miraculously extract DNA from ancient human remains. On the other hand, entire continents like Australia no

Chris Stringer

@ChrisStringer65

2 months

Seeking an ethical approach to ancient DNA analysis Yale paleoanthropologist Jessica Thompson proposes guidelines for the ethical study of ancient human DNA

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@MungoManic

1 month

Tiwi islander in ceremonial attire

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@MungoManic

25 days

This is literally me (except the doctor part) There are so many connections and discoveries that can be made with just the data available online. It's a great time to be curious

Michael Thomas

@curious_founder

26 days

I think about this cartoon a lot.

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@MungoManic

5 months

@Paracelsus1092 I’m not mad, just disappointed

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@MungoManic

3 months

Wild news The multiple Denisovan lineages that admixed with Oceanians are deeply diverged from the original Denisova 3 lineage but this new Denisovan lineage from the SAME cave is even MORE divergent and includes DNA from previously-unknown Neanderthals! WHAT’S GOING ON???

John Hawks

@johnhawks

3 months

Interesting story based on conference presentation reporting new 200 ka Denisova genome: “The DNA analysis revealed the male Denisovan had inherited 5% of his genome from an ancient, previously unknown population of Neanderthals.”

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

4 months

Censorship is happening in Australia too for similar reasons The notorious policeman William Willshire once forced 3 women to travel through a mens-only gap near Alice Springs. The women covered their eyes but were later killed for violating the law

Jake Wallis Simons

@JakeWSimons

4 months

A University of Oxford museum will not display an African mask because the culture which created it forbids women from seeing it. The decision by the Pitt Rivers Museum is part of new policies in the interest of “cultural safety”. The museum has also removed online photos of the

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@MungoManic

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4 months later I now have 8,000 followers. Wild! Around 8,000 years ago, spear-throwers made their first appearance in Australian rock art. The dramatic change from hand-thrown spears is seen in both the Kimberley and Arnhem Land

Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

I just passed 600 followers. Welcome, everyone! Before colonization, there was about 600 tribes in Australia. Most tribes consisted of bands of around 25 people. These bands shared a common tribal language and culture but lacked political unity

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@MungoManic

2 months

Rising sea levels isolated Tasmanians from the rest of the humanity for 10,000 years. Their technology was simple. They made spears out of sharp sticks and used non-hafted stone tools. BUT they did use and make fire

Dwarkesh Patel

@dwarkesh_sp

2 months

The great unhobbling

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

For 100 years in Australia the technology of photography overlapped with the technology of early humans. The images from that time are priceless

binandeh

@KongFu_Zi_

3 months

@MungoManic I find amazing that we have photographic evidence of how they were used in a real scenario to work wood. A real window to the past. I always thought it was weird they were used bare handed, but I was wrong.

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@MungoManic

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Widows mourning their dead husband. Every day the women would cut their hair, coat their heads with plaster and visit his grave (only his feet are visible) Lower Murray River, Australia. From Blandowski (1862)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

4 months

Loops of vine were used to climb trees in the Queensland rainforest

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@MungoManic

2 months

Excellent analysis of ancient Asian genes. There's strong evidence that Australians and Papuans have DNA from a "deep Papuan ghost" population. Perhaps that's one source of their unique, robust morphology

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@MungoManic

1 month

I'm only an expert in the sense of "obsessively curious guy who is unable to sleep until he figures out what was going on in Australia over the past 50,000 years"

C. Darmangeat

@CDarmangeat

1 month

Sur mon blog (Thanks to @MungoManic ) :

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@MungoManic

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New paper! Dingoes appeared sometime between 5000-3500 years ago. But who brought them? The connection to Asian dogs fits with either Austronesian farmers or Toalean hunter-gatherers from Sulawesi (my personal favorite) All that's certain is Australia was never the same

Nrken19

@nrken19

28 days

Early dingoes are related to dogs from New Guinea and East Asia, 3D fossil scanning study finds

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@MungoManic

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A man near Darwin on the north coast of Australia. Photographed by Paul Foelsche c. 1880s

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@MungoManic

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Tom Noytuna and his son using a telephone in Korlobidahdah, Arnhem Land circa 1980 The photo was taken by Penny Tweedie. She documented the remaining semi-nomadic tribes of Arnhem Land and was accepted as an “honorary male” by the Yolngu people

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@MungoManic

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@sanstitre2000

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@MungoManic

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Wow, 4000 followers. Welcome! Around 4000 years ago, Australia experienced a major cultural shift. Stone axes, bifacial points, mill-stones, adzes and microliths proliferated (UL, UR). The Dingo appeared (LL) and the Thylacine vanished (LR)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

I believe the hunter-gatherer-warriors of ancient Australia would feel humiliated by how they're portrayed today Attempts to sugarcoat their past is demeaning and stupid. My goal is to learn how they lived, where they came from and what they can teach us about humanity

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@MungoManic

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Why did Australian women have amputated fingers? Russell (1888) says the women near Brisbane and Sydney "had all lost the first two joints of the little finger of the left hand" (photo from Cloncurry in western Queensland)

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@MungoManic

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Two women of the central Australian desert. One wears a headdress made of kangaroo teeth and the other an eagle claw pendant

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@MungoManic

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A man spearing a possible Thylacine (Tasmanian Tiger) in the Kimberley region of Australia, ~10,000 years ago

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@MungoManic

3 months

Ritual tooth evulsion has been practiced in Australia for over 40,000 years

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@MungoManic

5 months

New book! Much of this data couldn’t be duplicated today. Joseph Birdsell studied Australian anthropology for 50 years and personally examined 5000 individuals. His findings are a valuable supplement to DNA research Can’t wait to dig in

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

@RaceHorse1848 Time to evolve

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@MungoManic

29 days

My Australian rare book library just doubled thanks to the generosity of @UEurasier It’s full of photos from Eric Mjöberg’s 1911 Queensland expedition, most of which are unavailable online My favorite is this beeswax figure. One of the only sculptures ever found in Australia!

Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

New book! Much of this data couldn’t be duplicated today. Joseph Birdsell studied Australian anthropology for 50 years and personally examined 5000 individuals. His findings are a valuable supplement to DNA research Can’t wait to dig in

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@MungoManic

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This zigzag engraving may be the oldest-known work of art. It was found in Java and is ~500,000 years old. Interestingly, the oldest figurative art (a 51,000 year-old painting of people & animals) was recently discovered on the nearby island of Sulawesi

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@MungoManic

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Torres Strait headhunters used bamboo knives during raids on nearby islands and Australia. The razor-sharp blades dulled after each beheading, so they were notched and a new edge formed. Notch count indicated heads taken

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@MungoManic

2 months

Major find: An arm bone from a Homo floresiensis adult who was only 100cm (3' 3") tall. The 700ka bone is from a shorter, more archaic population than the more recent Liang Bua hobbits (who were replaced by sapiens ~50kya). According to the authors, these new finds support the

Paige Madison

@FossilHistory

2 months

Additional fossils of a hobbit on Flores, including a partial humerus found at Mata Menge. Compared here to the humerus of LB1 on the right. 📸Yousuke Kaifu

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@MungoManic

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I admit it feels counterintuitive. The idea seems foundational to our society and sense of identity. But I'd argue that even today the idea isn't fully accepted. Billions of humans still believe that a baby's "spirit" or "soul" is reincarnated or created by a god at conception

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@MungoManic

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Toda tribesman from southern India (L) and a man from coastal Victoria, Australia (R)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

16 days

@Hieraaetus That's my impression too

Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

Interpersonal and intertribal conflict was common in Australia. In a study of crania from southeast Australia, 58% of the females and 37% of the males had fractures, the majority of which were severely traumatic. Arm fractures were also common (from parrying blows)

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@MungoManic

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Rock art from the northwest coast of Australia (~10,000 years old). Intriguingly, modern tribes still wear similar headdresses on Murray Lake, Papua New Guinea

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

Great example of cultural diffusion. Even brief contact can have lasting ripple effects

Gurwinder

@G_S_Bhogal

3 months

US soldiers stationed in Papua New Guinea during WWII left behind comic books. One featuring the superhero, The Phantom, captured the imagination of a remote jungle tribe. They integrated the character into their mythology as a demi-god, and now paint him on their shields.

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@MungoManic

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250,000 years would be impressive. Some scientists think humans first arrived in Australia ~130,000 years ago but it's a minority opinion. Also genetics tells us that any people who arrived earlier than ~50,000 years ago were replaced by late waves of migrants

Hugo

@lowlandsapien

1 month

Yeah this is an embarrassment

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

2 months

Map of Australian watercraft

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

4 months

A proclamation board designed by George Frankland, the Surveyor General of Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania). The goal was to convey the government's commitment to peace and equal treatment under the law. Around 100 copies were made. In 1829, Frankland wrote to Governor Arthur:

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

A man carving a tree near Port Macquarie, NSW c. 1905

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

5 months

Most Aboriginal Australians have some European ancestry (unlike these two women). Recent photos were used as training data so most AI images reflect this. However, even before European admixture, some people in the central desert did have blond hair (especially as children)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

29 days

A man from the Kimberley region of Western Australia

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

Night fishing by fire torches in New South Wales By convict artist Joseph Lycett ca. 1817

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

Scientists just found the oldest Australian DNA!* Mitochondrial DNA belonging to haplogroup R* (most likely R12) was recovered from a 3500 year-old belt of human hair Notably, R12 is only found in western Australia (LL) and is similar to R21 carried by Malaysian Semang (LR) and

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

3 months

Ngadadjara man using a hand axe to chop down a tree Hafted ground-edge axes spread into southern Australia ~5000 years ago but were never adopted by the Western Desert tribes. (Tindale, 1941)

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Mungo Manic

@MungoManic

16 days

There are almost no depictions of Australian prehistory. Love seeing a new one! And everything seems probable: fishing, ground ochre, hand-held flakes, simple spears, ornaments, lack of clothes. I suspect their hair was curlier (like Tasmanians) but it's as good a guess as any

Chris Stringer

@ChrisStringer65

16 days

Reconstruction of the burial of Mungo 3 about 42,000 years ago in southern Australia. Copyright John Sibbick/Science Photo Library. From my book with Louise Humphrey: Our Human Story

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