Why is growth so strong? One factor has been government spending which grew an unsustainably 4.7% in real terms over the last year. Outside the pandemic, this is one of the fastest rates in decades and works at a cross purpose with monetary policy objectives
.
@federalreserve
is going to raise rates at the fastest pace in over four decades into an economy with terrible underlying productivity, massive elevated debt and bad demographics and we’re going back to have a “soft landing.” Ok
One of the big questions for the Federal Reserve this week: just how much will the banking crisis tighten financial conditions, which has been a principle objective of the effort to raise interest rates to combat high inflation
The Fed shouldn’t have been tightening into a slowing economy and a deeply inverted yield curve. One mistake (waiting way too long to remove policy accommodation) was replaced by another (singularly focusing on a lagging indicator to the detriment to everything else.)
Inflation is up a cumulative 18% since January 2021 while average weekly worker earnings are up only 13% as per official BLS figures. This represents an effective 5% decline in living standards
Markets don’t like the fact that the half-point rise in unemployment rate that signaled recession has not been triggered because of revisions. But make no mistake about it, the December employment report was weak, weak, weak.
Devastating data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (
@NOAA
) show 2020s are averaging only 18 days between each billion-dollar disaster … cost of each event adjusted for inflation and disasters include droughts, flooding, cyclones, winter storms, wildfires, etc.
The “soft landing” crew is rightly cheering the big slowdown in
#inflation
which I foresaw but is missing the fact that most of the drop had little to do with
@federalreserve
policy. This has big implications for 2024
Level of March 2024 employment to be revised down 818k, 2nd largest downward adjustment ever recorded, only behind March 2009 which was during the “Great Recession”
It is not unusual for the labor market to experience large gains in employment in the months leading right up to recession. It happened ahead of the 1973-75, 1980, 1981-82 and 2001 downturns. Payrolls never tell us where we are going, only where we have been
Most importantly nearly all the downward revision in consumption was in services which tend to be sticky. With all of the consumer headwinds ahead, household spending is on a much shakier foundation than previously reported
Since 1984 the Fed has not initiated an easing cycle in a Presidential Election year. I’m speculating that policymakers want to cut much sooner than some investors think.
I remember the many who told me in Q2 2008 that we had avoided
#recession
because POTUS helped pass fiscal stimulus, JP bought Bear,
@federalreserve
created a newfangled lending facility (TSLF), financial conditions were easing etc.
Wage gains are a function of productivity. Inflation is a monetary phenomenon.
@federalreserve
is making a major policy mistake by focusing obsessively on “low” unemployment. “Too many” people working doesn’t cause inflation. It’s a good thing
People are not moving their money because of deposit loss fears: everyone already knows unlimited insurance is guaranteed, especially in blue states; they are moving because it takes 30 seconds to transfer from a 0.01% yielding checking account to a 5.1% money market.
With only slight changes in its economic projections, the Fed went from not talking about cutting rates to talking about cutting rates all in less than 2 weeks.
.
@federalreserve
is in a serious but it can’t cut rates with high and rising
#inflation
rate so the only way the yield curve can normalize is if term premium surges which it could given record large budget deficits. Soaring long term interest rates would depress risk assets
An important factor behind today’s low unemployment rate is a decline in labor force participation. Nearly 5 million people have left the workforce since the pandemic, almost 90% of whom are in the 65 and older age cohort
The people arguing the Fed has to do more to crush inflation likely will be the ones complaining the most for the Fed to cut when unemployment starts rising
Economists arguing for rate hikes don’t seem to understand (or choose to ignore) that a record rise in fed funds and QT helped get us in the current position. Have they looked at various measures of expected inflation? More hikes and QT will only further inflame the situation
Revisions tell us about the underlying health of the economy. Employment has been revised down in 10 out of the last 11 month. The cumulative 2023 revision is -443k, the largest figure outside a recession since 2002.
Employment costs and inflation moderating in the face of a tight labor market provide more evidence (not that it was needed) that the Phillips Curve doesn’t work and never really did. People working doesn’t create inflation
@federalreserve
How can
@federalreserve
& likeminded economists argue financial conditions have eased when consumers at 70% of
#GDP
are now paying double the cost of mortgages, record high rates on credit cards and much higher rates on auto and consumer loans?!?!
@jasonfurman
This is so ivory tower and fails to acknowledge what got us here in the first place—a Fed that forgot about lags in monetary policy. Hiking short rates will make instability worse because it will lead to even greater inflows into money markets
.
@federalreserve
will keep policy tight until unemployment rate rises but when that happens the economy will already be in recession. This seems to be lost on many investors in terms of macro implications
Risk management aside, how could anyone think Fed policymakers could raise rates (and QT) at the speed and pace they did and not break something along the way?
A month ago 3 month-annualized supercore inflation (i.e., ex food, energy, shelter and used cars) was 1.8%.
Now with new seasonal adjustment and an additional month of data it is 3.7%.
Time to update your inflation views.
The unemployment rate rose 0.1% to 3.9%, which is now 50 bps above its cyclical trough (Jan23 & Apr23). This has marked the peak in economic activity every time in the past. Will this time be different?
New tenant rental index is down about 5% over the past year thus pointing to a collapse in residential rents which are the biggest subcomponent of the cost of living
Ahead of what should be strong GDP figures investors ought to remember these data are highly preliminary so they’re prone to massive revision. They’re backwards looking, meaning they don’t tell where we’re going. And the income version of GDP have been showing near 0% growth!
What happened to the argument the summer’s upward surge in yields was due to increased supply? Can someone show analysis that more supply is a statistically significant predictor because my work shows it’s not
@jnordvig
Jens you can’t file for unemployment insurance while you’re receiving severance. So claims are likely to rise and quickly in the months ahead
Over the last 5 tightening cycles, the average time from the last hike to the first cut has been 8 months. That takes us to March 2024 and futures are now pricing 60% chance of rate cut
Over the last 4 quarters real GDP has grown a solid 3.0%. BUT real Gross Domestic Income (GDI) has SHRUNK 0.2%. Which series is correct? Consumer sentiment and various polling strongly imply the latter
Real GDP rose what appears to be a solid 2.9% over the last year. But the more accurate IMO data on real GDI show a -0.2%. It’s no wonder why consumer sentiment is near recessionary levels
So where does that leave me? I lean towards 25bp, mostly because I still worry about demand & also about sending a falsely reassuring signal to financial markets about the future path. But I don't feel strongly & if the Fed's info leads them to 0bp I'll likely update my views.
If the economy was really that healthy
@federalreserve
would not be signaling its intention to soon cut rates especially with
#inflation
still substantially above target
Employment used to be a coincident indicator but is now a lagging indicator especially with so many post-Covid distortions. Super strong
#NFP
tells us nothing about the future, only where the labor market was
In the past unemployment rate always troughed before inflation peaked except this cycle. Why? Because a lot of inflation was due to pandemic restraints on the supply side of economy. Unfortunately many economists give the latter short shrift. A recession will take of remaining
While good, q3
#GDP
is not as strong as it appears. Final sales rose 3.5% and real private nonresidential fixed investment actually slipped 0.1%. The economy remains on track for a consumer-led retrenchment thanks to tight money and a looming credit crunch
60% of monthly job gains are coming from government, education, and healthcare.
All the labor market narratives are illusions at best and misleading at worst.
If you had told me a few months ago that today 10-year Treasury yields would be near 5% and mortgage rates over 8%, I probably would have told you that the stock market would be down big and the economy headed to recession. While that still could happen, odds are good that it
The Fed and the Treasury have both been using their ‘slush funds’ to inject enormous liquidity into U.S. markets since mid 2023. The FED has another $400 billion to inject between now and the election. It’s purely a coincidence…right? 1/3
How can the Fed take much credit for the improvement in inflation, the “super” core specifically, when the unemployment rate has yet to meaningfully rise?
@TheStalwart
@NickTimiraos
🧵The Impact Of Treasury Issuance
1/ In H2 of 2023, the Treasury is set to issue close to approximately $1.9 trillion in new borrowing. This will likely have significant impacts on liquidity and macro markets. We discuss our views.
"I strongly suspect that the bond bull market that began in the early 1980s is over...The steady economic expansion that followed the 2008 financial crisis is no longer relevant. The paradigm has shifted, and higher yields are back:" Ex-NY Fed's Dudley
The question for the Fed this morning isn't whether to hike 25bp or 50bp this week. It's when do they start cutting rates, at least according to fed funds futures, which have priced out rate cuts and priced in rate cuts as soon as June.
The Atlanta Fed wage tracker shows composition adjusted wage growth for the three months ended May was up 6.0% from the year ago period, down from 6.1% in April and 6.4% in March—slowing but at levels well above what would be consistent with 2% inflation
Time will tell if this is the most important piece of macro data YTD. Production of electric & gas utilities fell 9.9% last month which is the largest drop ever. And data go back to 1939. Maybe unseasonably warm weather accounts to the “no landing” (which makes no sense) story